diff --git a/examples/src/bin/basic-compute-shader.rs b/examples/src/bin/basic-compute-shader.rs
index fcd5ad14..2d959bad 100644
--- a/examples/src/bin/basic-compute-shader.rs
+++ b/examples/src/bin/basic-compute-shader.rs
@@ -49,7 +49,7 @@ fn main() {
 
     // Now initializing the device.
     let (device, mut queues) = {
-        Device::new(&physical, physical.supported_features(), &DeviceExtensions::none(),
+        Device::new(physical, physical.supported_features(), &DeviceExtensions::none(),
                     [(queue, 0.5)].iter().cloned()).expect("failed to create device")
     };
 
diff --git a/examples/src/bin/debug.rs b/examples/src/bin/debug.rs
index 2080e517..ae39aa9a 100644
--- a/examples/src/bin/debug.rs
+++ b/examples/src/bin/debug.rs
@@ -93,7 +93,7 @@ fn main() {
 
     let physical = PhysicalDevice::enumerate(&instance).next().expect("no device available");
     let queue = physical.queue_families().next().expect("couldn't find a queue family");
-    let (device, mut queues) = Device::new(&physical, physical.supported_features(), &DeviceExtensions::none(), vec![(queue, 0.5)]).expect("failed to create device");
+    let (device, mut queues) = Device::new(physical, physical.supported_features(), &DeviceExtensions::none(), vec![(queue, 0.5)]).expect("failed to create device");
     let queue = queues.next().unwrap();
 
     // Create an image in order to generate some additional logging:
diff --git a/examples/src/bin/image.rs b/examples/src/bin/image.rs
index 169a7d31..b2b1fab6 100644
--- a/examples/src/bin/image.rs
+++ b/examples/src/bin/image.rs
@@ -48,7 +48,7 @@ fn main() {
         khr_swapchain: true,
         .. vulkano::device::DeviceExtensions::none()
     };
-    let (device, mut queues) = vulkano::device::Device::new(&physical, physical.supported_features(),
+    let (device, mut queues) = vulkano::device::Device::new(physical, physical.supported_features(),
                                                             &device_ext, [(queue, 0.5)].iter().cloned())
                                .expect("failed to create device");
     let queue = queues.next().unwrap();
diff --git a/examples/src/bin/teapot.rs b/examples/src/bin/teapot.rs
index 1d2383d5..79bf4e19 100644
--- a/examples/src/bin/teapot.rs
+++ b/examples/src/bin/teapot.rs
@@ -49,7 +49,7 @@ fn main() {
         .. vulkano::device::DeviceExtensions::none()
     };
 
-    let (device, mut queues) = vulkano::device::Device::new(&physical, physical.supported_features(),
+    let (device, mut queues) = vulkano::device::Device::new(physical, physical.supported_features(),
                                                             &device_ext, [(queue, 0.5)].iter().cloned())
                                .expect("failed to create device");
     let queue = queues.next().unwrap();
diff --git a/examples/src/bin/triangle.rs b/examples/src/bin/triangle.rs
index 1e967e82..078d801a 100644
--- a/examples/src/bin/triangle.rs
+++ b/examples/src/bin/triangle.rs
@@ -145,7 +145,7 @@ fn main() {
             .. vulkano::device::DeviceExtensions::none()
         };
 
-        Device::new(&physical, physical.supported_features(), &device_ext,
+        Device::new(physical, physical.supported_features(), &device_ext,
                     [(queue, 0.5)].iter().cloned()).expect("failed to create device")
     };
 
diff --git a/vulkano/src/device.rs b/vulkano/src/device.rs
index 7baf0730..ed4922df 100644
--- a/vulkano/src/device.rs
+++ b/vulkano/src/device.rs
@@ -38,7 +38,7 @@
 //!     let features = Features::none();
 //!     let ext = DeviceExtensions::none();
 //!
-//!     match Device::new(&physical_device, &features, &ext, Some((queue_family, 1.0))) {
+//!     match Device::new(physical_device, &features, &ext, Some((queue_family, 1.0))) {
 //!         Ok(d) => d,
 //!         Err(err) => panic!("Couldn't build device: {:?}", err)
 //!     }
@@ -163,7 +163,7 @@ impl Device {
     ///
     // TODO: return Arc<Queue> and handle synchronization in the Queue
     // TODO: should take the PhysicalDevice by value
-    pub fn new<'a, I, Ext>(phys: &'a PhysicalDevice, requested_features: &Features,
+    pub fn new<'a, I, Ext>(phys: PhysicalDevice, requested_features: &Features,
                            extensions: Ext, queue_families: I)
                            -> Result<(Arc<Device>, QueuesIter), DeviceCreationError>
         where I: IntoIterator<Item = (QueueFamily<'a>, f32)>,
@@ -672,7 +672,7 @@ mod tests {
         let family = physical.queue_families().next().unwrap();
         let queues = (0 .. family.queues_count() + 1).map(|_| (family, 1.0));
 
-        match Device::new(&physical,
+        match Device::new(physical,
                             &Features::none(),
                             &DeviceExtensions::none(),
                             queues) {
@@ -697,7 +697,7 @@ mod tests {
             return;
         }
 
-        match Device::new(&physical,
+        match Device::new(physical,
                             &features,
                             &DeviceExtensions::none(),
                             Some((family, 1.0))) {
@@ -716,7 +716,7 @@ mod tests {
 
         let family = physical.queue_families().next().unwrap();
 
-        match Device::new(&physical,
+        match Device::new(physical,
                             &Features::none(),
                             &DeviceExtensions::none(),
                             Some((family, 1.4))) {
@@ -724,7 +724,7 @@ mod tests {
             _ => panic!(),
         };
 
-        match Device::new(&physical,
+        match Device::new(physical,
                             &Features::none(),
                             &DeviceExtensions::none(),
                             Some((family, -0.2))) {
diff --git a/vulkano/src/instance/extensions.rs b/vulkano/src/instance/extensions.rs
index 73e52225..c3ff8557 100644
--- a/vulkano/src/instance/extensions.rs
+++ b/vulkano/src/instance/extensions.rs
@@ -245,7 +245,7 @@ macro_rules! device_extensions {
 
         impl $rawname {
             /// See the docs of supported_by_device().
-            pub fn supported_by_device_raw(physical_device: &PhysicalDevice) -> Result<Self, SupportedExtensionsError> {
+            pub fn supported_by_device_raw(physical_device: PhysicalDevice) -> Result<Self, SupportedExtensionsError> {
                 let vk = physical_device.instance().pointers();
 
                 let properties: Vec<vk::ExtensionProperties> = unsafe {
@@ -263,7 +263,7 @@ macro_rules! device_extensions {
             }
 
             /// Returns an `Extensions` object with extensions supported by the `PhysicalDevice`.
-            pub fn supported_by_device(physical_device: &PhysicalDevice) -> Self {
+            pub fn supported_by_device(physical_device: PhysicalDevice) -> Self {
                 match $rawname::supported_by_device_raw(physical_device) {
                     Ok(l) => l,
                     Err(SupportedExtensionsError::LoadingError(e)) => unreachable!(),
@@ -274,7 +274,7 @@ macro_rules! device_extensions {
 
         impl $sname {
             /// See the docs of supported_by_device().
-            pub fn supported_by_device_raw(physical_device: &PhysicalDevice) -> Result<Self, SupportedExtensionsError> {
+            pub fn supported_by_device_raw(physical_device: PhysicalDevice) -> Result<Self, SupportedExtensionsError> {
                 let vk = physical_device.instance().pointers();
 
                 let properties: Vec<vk::ExtensionProperties> = unsafe {
@@ -304,7 +304,7 @@ macro_rules! device_extensions {
             }
 
             /// Returns an `Extensions` object with extensions supported by the `PhysicalDevice`.
-            pub fn supported_by_device(physical_device: &PhysicalDevice) -> Self {
+            pub fn supported_by_device(physical_device: PhysicalDevice) -> Self {
                 match $sname::supported_by_device_raw(physical_device) {
                     Ok(l) => l,
                     Err(SupportedExtensionsError::LoadingError(e)) => unreachable!(),
diff --git a/vulkano/src/swapchain/display.rs b/vulkano/src/swapchain/display.rs
index 49f54a67..cc85b040 100644
--- a/vulkano/src/swapchain/display.rs
+++ b/vulkano/src/swapchain/display.rs
@@ -58,7 +58,7 @@ pub struct DisplayPlane {
 
 impl DisplayPlane {
     /// See the docs of enumerate().
-    pub fn enumerate_raw(device: &PhysicalDevice) -> Result<IntoIter<DisplayPlane>, OomError> {
+    pub fn enumerate_raw(device: PhysicalDevice) -> Result<IntoIter<DisplayPlane>, OomError> {
         let vk = device.instance().pointers();
 
         assert!(device.instance().loaded_extensions().khr_display); // TODO: return error instead
@@ -117,7 +117,7 @@ impl DisplayPlane {
     ///
     // TODO: move iterator creation here from raw constructor?
     #[inline]
-    pub fn enumerate(device: &PhysicalDevice) -> IntoIter<DisplayPlane> {
+    pub fn enumerate(device: PhysicalDevice) -> IntoIter<DisplayPlane> {
         DisplayPlane::enumerate_raw(device).unwrap()
     }
 
@@ -159,7 +159,7 @@ pub struct Display {
 
 impl Display {
     /// See the docs of enumerate().
-    pub fn enumerate_raw(device: &PhysicalDevice) -> Result<IntoIter<Display>, OomError> {
+    pub fn enumerate_raw(device: PhysicalDevice) -> Result<IntoIter<Display>, OomError> {
         let vk = device.instance().pointers();
         assert!(device.instance().loaded_extensions().khr_display); // TODO: return error instead
 
@@ -202,7 +202,7 @@ impl Display {
     ///
     // TODO: move iterator creation here from raw constructor?
     #[inline]
-    pub fn enumerate(device: &PhysicalDevice) -> IntoIter<Display> {
+    pub fn enumerate(device: PhysicalDevice) -> IntoIter<Display> {
         Display::enumerate_raw(device).unwrap()
     }
 
diff --git a/vulkano/src/tests.rs b/vulkano/src/tests.rs
index 997a4572..7dedc89f 100644
--- a/vulkano/src/tests.rs
+++ b/vulkano/src/tests.rs
@@ -55,7 +55,7 @@ macro_rules! gfx_dev_and_queue {
             return;
         }
 
-        let (device, mut queues) = match Device::new(&physical, &features,
+        let (device, mut queues) = match Device::new(physical, &features,
                                                      &extensions, [(queue, 0.5)].iter().cloned())
         {
             Ok(r) => r,