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bors a8a88fe524 Auto merge of #122268 - ChrisDenton:no-libc, r=Mark-Simulacrum 
Link MSVC default lib in core

## The Problem

On Windows MSVC, Rust invokes the linker directly. This means only the objects and libraries Rust explicitly passes to the linker are used. In short, this is equivalent to passing `-nodefaultlibs`, `-nostartfiles`, etc for gnu compilers.

To compensate for this [the libc crate links to the necessary libraries](a0f5b4b213/src/windows/mod.rs (L258-L261)). The libc crate is then linked from std, thus when you use std you get the defaults back.or integrate with C/C++.

However, this has a few problems:

- For `no_std`, users are left to manually pass the default lib to the linker
- Whereas `std` has the opposite problem, using [`/nodefaultlib`](https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/cpp/build/reference/nodefaultlib-ignore-libraries?view=msvc-170) doesn't work as expected because Rust treats them as normal libs. This is a particular problem when you want to use e.g. the debug CRT libraries in their place or integrate with C/C++..

## The solution

This PR fixes this in two ways:

- moves linking the default lib into `core`
- passes the lib to the linker using [`/defaultlib`](https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/cpp/build/reference/defaultlib-specify-default-library?view=msvc-170). This allows users to override it in the normal way (i.e. with [`/nodefaultlib`](https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/cpp/build/reference/nodefaultlib-ignore-libraries?view=msvc-170)).

This is more or less equivalent to what the MSVC C compiler does. You can see what this looks like in my second commit, which I'll reproduce here for convenience:

```rust
// In library/core
#[cfg(all(windows, target_env = "msvc"))]
#[link(
    name = "/defaultlib:msvcrt",
    modifiers = "+verbatim",
    cfg(not(target_feature = "crt-static"))
)]
#[link(name = "/defaultlib:libcmt", modifiers = "+verbatim", cfg(target_feature = "crt-static"))]
extern "C" {}
```

## Alternatives

- Add the above to `unwind` and `std` but not `core`
- The status quo
- Some other kind of compiler magic maybe

This bares some discussion so I've t-libs nominated it.
2024-04-14 13:28:21 +00:00
.github CI: Redirect stderr to stdout to order GHA logs 2024-04-02 12:08:47 +02:00
.reuse std: move Once implementations to sys 2024-03-12 15:41:06 +01:00
compiler Rollup merge of #123898 - fmease:gci-cmp-impl-item-lt-params, r=compiler-errors 2024-04-14 09:01:59 +02:00
library Auto merge of #122268 - ChrisDenton:no-libc, r=Mark-Simulacrum 2024-04-14 13:28:21 +00:00
LICENSES Add missing CC-BY-SA-4.0. 2023-11-27 11:03:53 +00:00
src Rollup merge of #123902 - ehuss:update-rustfix2, r=Mark-Simulacrum 2024-04-14 09:02:00 +02:00
tests Rollup merge of #123898 - fmease:gci-cmp-impl-item-lt-params, r=compiler-errors 2024-04-14 09:01:59 +02:00
.editorconfig Only use max_line_length = 100 for *.rs 2023-07-10 15:18:36 -07:00
.git-blame-ignore-revs Ignore compiletest test directive migration commits 2024-02-22 18:55:02 +00:00
.gitattributes Rename config.toml.example to config.example.toml 2023-03-11 14:10:00 -08:00
.gitignore don't globally ignore rustc-ice files 2023-09-16 09:44:44 +02:00
.gitmodules Update to LLVM 18 2024-02-13 10:33:40 +01:00
.mailmap Rollup merge of #123873 - cuviper:mailmap, r=lqd 2024-04-13 00:18:47 -04:00
Cargo.lock Auto merge of #123913 - matthiaskrgr:rollup-w8stnwl, r=matthiaskrgr 2024-04-14 09:02:22 +00:00
Cargo.toml Remove debuginfo from rustc-demangle too 2024-04-07 19:19:11 -04:00
CODE_OF_CONDUCT.md Remove the code of conduct; instead link https://www.rust-lang.org/conduct.html 2019-10-05 22:55:19 +02:00
config.example.toml Rollup merge of #123642 - onur-ozkan:restrict-llvm-option, r=Mark-Simulacrum 2024-04-13 16:42:04 +02:00
configure Ensure ./configure works when configure.py path contains spaces 2024-02-16 18:57:22 +00:00
CONTRIBUTING.md fix: Update CONTRIBUTING.md recommend -> recommended 2023-11-16 23:57:09 +05:30
COPYRIGHT Update COPYRIGHT file 2022-10-30 10:23:14 -04:00
INSTALL.md chore: fix some comments 2024-03-27 22:32:53 +08:00
LICENSE-APACHE Remove appendix from LICENCE-APACHE 2019-12-30 14:25:53 +00:00
LICENSE-MIT LICENSE-MIT: Remove inaccurate (misattributed) copyright notice 2017-07-26 16:51:58 -07:00
README.md Use SVG logos in the README.md. 2024-04-03 19:48:20 +02:00
RELEASES.md update release notes 2024-04-09 01:20:11 +02:00
rust-bors.toml Increase timeout for new bors bot 2024-03-13 08:31:07 +01:00
rustfmt.toml Remove exception for deleted file from rustfmt.toml 2024-03-08 20:46:33 +00:00
triagebot.toml Rollup merge of #123519 - Urgau:session-cfg-check-cfg-improvements, r=wesleywiser 2024-04-06 08:56:35 +02:00
x Make x capable of resolving symlinks 2023-10-14 17:53:33 +03:00
x.ps1 use & instead of start-process in x.ps1 2023-12-09 09:46:16 -05:00
x.py Fix recent python linting errors 2023-08-02 04:40:28 -04:00

README.md

This is the main source code repository for Rust. It contains the compiler, standard library, and documentation.

Why Rust?

  • Performance: Fast and memory-efficient, suitable for critical services, embedded devices, and easily integrate with other languages.

  • Reliability: Our rich type system and ownership model ensure memory and thread safety, reducing bugs at compile-time.

  • Productivity: Comprehensive documentation, a compiler committed to providing great diagnostics, and advanced tooling including package manager and build tool (Cargo), auto-formatter (rustfmt), linter (Clippy) and editor support (rust-analyzer).

Quick Start

Read "Installation" from The Book.

Installing from Source

If you really want to install from source (though this is not recommended), see INSTALL.md.

Getting Help

See https://www.rust-lang.org/community for a list of chat platforms and forums.

Contributing

See CONTRIBUTING.md.

License

Rust is primarily distributed under the terms of both the MIT license and the Apache License (Version 2.0), with portions covered by various BSD-like licenses.

See LICENSE-APACHE, LICENSE-MIT, and COPYRIGHT for details.

Trademark

The Rust Foundation owns and protects the Rust and Cargo trademarks and logos (the "Rust Trademarks").

If you want to use these names or brands, please read the media guide.

Third-party logos may be subject to third-party copyrights and trademarks. See Licenses for details.