Overhaul `AssocItem`
`AssocItem` has multiple fields that only make sense some of the time. E.g. the `name` can be empty if it's an RPITIT associated type. It's clearer and less error prone if these fields are moved to the relevant `kind` variants.
r? ``@fee1-dead``
Enable contracts for const functions
Use `const_eval_select!()` macro to enable contract checking only at runtime. The existing contract logic relies on closures, which are not supported in constant functions.
This commit also removes one level of indirection for ensures clauses since we no longer build a closure around the ensures predicate.
Resolves#136925
**Call-out:** This is still a draft PR since CI is broken due to a new warning message for unreachable code when the bottom of the function is indeed unreachable. It's not clear to me why the warning wasn't triggered before.
r? ```@compiler-errors```
To accurately reflect that RPITIT assoc items don't have a name. This
avoids the use of `kw::Empty` to mean "no name", which is error prone.
Helps with #137978.
`hir::AssocItem` currently has a boolean `fn_has_self_parameter` field,
which is misplaced, because it's only relevant for associated fns, not
for associated consts or types. This commit moves it (and renames it) to
the `AssocKind::Fn` variant, where it belongs.
This requires introducing a new C-style enum, `AssocTag`, which is like
`AssocKind` but without the fields. This is because `AssocKind` values
are passed to various functions like `find_by_ident_and_kind` to
indicate what kind of associated item should be searched for, and having
to specify `has_self` isn't relevant there.
New methods:
- Predicates `AssocItem::is_fn` and `AssocItem::is_method`.
- `AssocItem::as_tag` which converts `AssocItem::kind` to `AssocTag`.
Removed `find_by_name_and_kinds`, which is unused.
`AssocItem::descr` can now distinguish between methods and associated
functions, which slightly improves some error messages.
add `core::intrinsics::simd::{simd_extract_dyn, simd_insert_dyn}`
fixes https://github.com/rust-lang/rust/issues/137372
adds `core::intrinsics::simd::{simd_extract_dyn, simd_insert_dyn}`, which contrary to their non-dyn counterparts allow a non-const index. Many platforms (but notably not x86_64 or aarch64) have dedicated instructions for this operation, which stdarch can emit with this change.
Future work is to also make the `Index` operation on the `Simd` type emit this operation, but the intrinsic can't be used directly. We'll need some MIR shenanigans for that.
r? `@ghost`
Rename some `name` variables as `ident`.
It bugs me when variables of type `Ident` are called `name`. It leads to silly things like `name.name`. `Ident` variables should be called `ident`, and `name` should be used for variables of type `Symbol`.
This commit improves things by by doing `s/name/ident/` on a bunch of `Ident` variables. Not all of them, but a decent chunk.
r? `@fee1-dead`
It bugs me when variables of type `Ident` are called `name`. It leads to
silly things like `name.name`. `Ident` variables should be called
`ident`, and `name` should be used for variables of type `Symbol`.
This commit improves things by by doing `s/name/ident/` on a bunch of
`Ident` variables. Not all of them, but a decent chunk.
Invert the order that we pass the arguments to the
`contract_check_ensures` function to avoid the warning when the tail
of the function is unreachable.
Note that the call itself is also unreachable, but we have already
handled that case by ignoring unreachable call for contract calls.
Use `const_eval_select!()` macro to enable contract checking only at
runtime. The existing contract logic relies on closures,
which are not supported in constant functions.
This commit also removes one level of indirection for ensures clauses,
however, it currently has a spurious warning message when the bottom
of the function is unreachable.
Remove support for `extern "rust-intrinsic"` blocks
Part of rust-lang/rust#132735
Looked manageable and there didn't appear to have been progress in the last two weeks,
so decided to give it a try.
Implement `super let`
Tracking issue: https://github.com/rust-lang/rust/issues/139076
This implements `super let` as proposed in #139080, based on the following two equivalence rules.
1. For all expressions `$expr` in any context, these are equivalent:
- `& $expr`
- `{ super let a = & $expr; a }`
2. And, additionally, these are equivalent in any context when `$expr` is a temporary (aka rvalue):
- `& $expr`
- `{ super let a = $expr; & a }`
So far, this experiment has a few interesting results:
## Interesting result 1
In this snippet:
```rust
super let a = f(&temp());
```
I originally expected temporary `temp()` would be dropped at the end of the statement (`;`), just like in a regular `let`, because `temp()` is not subject to temporary lifetime extension.
However, it turns out that that would break the fundamental equivalence rules.
For example, in
```rust
g(&f(&temp()));
```
the temporary `temp()` will be dropped at the `;`.
The first equivalence rule tells us this must be equivalent:
```rust
g({ super let a = &f(&temp()); a });
```
But that means that `temp()` must live until the last `;` (after `g()`), not just the first `;` (after `f()`).
While this was somewhat surprising to me at first, it does match the exact behavior we need for `pin!()`: The following _should work_. (See also https://github.com/rust-lang/rust/issues/138718)
```rust
g(pin!(f(&mut temp())));
```
Here, `temp()` lives until the end of the statement. This makes sense from the perspective of the user, as no other `;` or `{}` are visible. Whether `pin!()` uses a `{}` block internally or not should be irrelevant.
This means that _nothing_ in a `super let` statement will be dropped at the end of that super let statement. It does not even need its own scope.
This raises questions that are useful for later on:
- Will this make temporaries live _too long_ in cases where `super let` is used not in a hidden block in a macro, but as a visible statement in code like the following?
```rust
let writer = {
super let file = File::create(&format!("/home/{user}/test"));
Writer::new(&file)
};
```
- Is a `let` statement in a block still the right syntax for this? Considering it has _no_ scope of its own, maybe neither a block nor a statement should be involved
This leads me to think that instead of `{ super let $pat = $init; $expr }`, we might want to consider something like `let $pat = $init in $expr` or `$expr where $pat = $init`. Although there are also issues with these, as it isn't obvious anymore if `$init` should be subject to temporary lifetime extension. (Do we want both `let _ = _ in ..` and `super let _ = _ in ..`?)
## Interesting result 2
What about `super let x;` without initializer?
```rust
let a = {
super let x;
x = temp();
&x
};
```
This works fine with the implementation in this PR: `x` is extended to live as long as `a`.
While it matches my expectations, a somewhat interesting thing to realize is that these are _not_ equivalent:
- `super let x = $expr;`
- `super let x; x = $expr;`
In the first case, all temporaries in $expr will live at least as long as (the result of) the surrounding block.
In the second case, temporaries will be dropped at the end of the assignment statement. (Because the assignment statement itself "is not `super`".)
This difference in behavior might be confusing, but it _might_ be useful.
One might want to extend the lifetime of a variable without extending all the temporaries in the initializer expression.
On the other hand, that can also be expressed as:
- `let x = $expr; super let x = x;` (w/o temporary lifetime extension), or
- `super let x = { $expr };` (w/ temporary lifetime extension)
So, this raises these questions:
- Do we want to accept `super let x;` without initializer at all?
- Does it make sense for statements other than let statements to be "super"? An expression statement also drops temporaries at its `;`, so now that we discovered that `super let` basically disables that `;` (see interesting result 1), is there a use to having other statements without their own scope? (I don't think that's ever useful?)
## Interesting result 3
This works now:
```rust
super let Some(x) = a.get(i) else { return };
```
I didn't put in any special cases for `super let else`. This is just the behavior that 'naturally' falls out when implementing `super let` without thinking of the `let else` case.
- Should `super let else` work?
## Interesting result 4
This 'works':
```rust
fn main() {
super let a = 123;
}
```
I didn't put in any special cases for `super let` at function scope. I had expected the code to cause an ICE or other weird failure when used at function body scope, because there's no way to let the variable live as long as the result of the function.
This raises the question:
- Does this mean that this behavior is the natural/expected behavior when `super let` is used at function scope? Or is this just a quirk and should we explicitly disallow `super let` in a function body? (Probably the latter.)
---
The questions above do not need an answer to land this PR. These questions should be considered when redesigning/rfc'ing/stabilizing the feature.
Add new `PatKind::Missing` variants
To avoid some ugly uses of `kw::Empty` when handling "missing" patterns, e.g. in bare fn tys. Helps with #137978. Details in the individual commits.
r? ``@oli-obk``
Remove `rustc_middle::ty::util::ExplicitSelf`.
It's an old (2017 or earlier) type that describes a `self` receiver. It's only used in `rustc_hir_analysis` for two error messages, and much of the complexity isn't used. I suspect it used to be used for more things.
This commit removes it, and moves a greatly simplified version of the `determine` method into `rustc_hir_analysis`, renamed as `get_self_string`. The big comment on the method is removed because it no longer seems relevant.
r? `@BoxyUwU`
Initial support for auto traits with default bounds
This PR is part of ["MCP: Low level components for async drop"](https://github.com/rust-lang/compiler-team/issues/727)
Tracking issue: #138781
Summary: https://github.com/rust-lang/rust/pull/120706#issuecomment-1934006762
### Intro
Sometimes we want to use type system to express specific behavior and provide safety guarantees. This behavior can be specified by various "marker" traits. For example, we use `Send` and `Sync` to keep track of which types are thread safe. As the language develops, there are more problems that could be solved by adding new marker traits:
- to forbid types with an async destructor to be dropped in a synchronous context a trait like `SyncDrop` could be used [Async destructors, async genericity and completion futures](https://sabrinajewson.org/blog/async-drop).
- to support [scoped tasks](https://without.boats/blog/the-scoped-task-trilemma/) or in a more general sense to provide a [destruction guarantee](https://zetanumbers.github.io/book/myosotis.html) there is a desire among some users to see a `Leak` (or `Forget`) trait.
- Withoutboats in his [post](https://without.boats/blog/changing-the-rules-of-rust/) reflected on the use of `Move` trait instead of a `Pin`.
All the traits proposed above are supposed to be auto traits implemented for most types, and usually implemented automatically by compiler.
For backward compatibility these traits have to be added implicitly to all bound lists in old code (see below). Adding new default bounds involves many difficulties: many standard library interfaces may need to opt out of those default bounds, and therefore be infected with confusing `?Trait` syntax, migration to a new edition may contain backward compatibility holes, supporting new traits in the compiler can be quite difficult and so forth. Anyway, it's hard to evaluate the complexity until we try the system on a practice.
In this PR we introduce new optional lang items for traits that are added to all bound lists by default, similarly to existing `Sized`. The examples of such traits could be `Leak`, `Move`, `SyncDrop` or something else, it doesn't matter much right now (further I will call them `DefaultAutoTrait`'s). We want to land this change into rustc under an option, so it becomes available in bootstrap compiler. Then we'll be able to do standard library experiments with the aforementioned traits without adding hundreds of `#[cfg(not(bootstrap))]`s. Based on the experiments, we can come up with some scheme for the next edition, in which such bounds are added in a more targeted way, and not just everywhere.
Most of the implementation is basically a refactoring that replaces hardcoded uses of `Sized` with iterating over a list of traits including both `Sized` and the new traits when `-Zexperimental-default-bounds` is enabled (or just `Sized` as before, if the option is not enabled).
### Default bounds for old editions
All existing types, including generic parameters, are considered `Leak`/`Move`/`SyncDrop` and can be forgotten, moved or destroyed in generic contexts without specifying any bounds. New types that cannot be, for example, forgotten and do not implement `Leak` can be added at some point, and they should not be usable in such generic contexts in existing code.
To both maintain this property and keep backward compatibility with existing code, the new traits should be added as default bounds _everywhere_ in previous editions. Besides the implicit `Sized` bound contexts that includes supertrait lists and trait lists in trait objects (`dyn Trait1 + ... + TraitN`). Compiler should also generate implicit `DefaultAutoTrait` implementations for foreign types (`extern { type Foo; }`) because they are also currently usable in generic contexts without any bounds.
#### Supertraits
Adding the new traits as supertraits to all existing traits is potentially necessary, because, for example, using a `Self` param in a trait's associated item may be a breaking change otherwise:
```rust
trait Foo: Sized {
fn new() -> Option<Self>; // ERROR: `Option` requires `DefaultAutoTrait`, but `Self` is not `DefaultAutoTrait`
}
// desugared `Option`
enum Option<T: DefaultAutoTrait + Sized> {
Some(T),
None,
}
```
However, default supertraits can significantly affect compiler performance. For example, if we know that `T: Trait`, the compiler would deduce that `T: DefaultAutoTrait`. It also implies proving `F: DefaultAutoTrait` for each field `F` of type `T` until an explicit impl is be provided.
If the standard library is not modified, then even traits like `Copy` or `Send` would get these supertraits.
In this PR for optimization purposes instead of adding default supertraits, bounds are added to the associated items:
```rust
// Default bounds are generated in the following way:
trait Trait {
fn foo(&self) where Self: DefaultAutoTrait {}
}
// instead of this:
trait Trait: DefaultAutoTrait {
fn foo(&self) {}
}
```
It is not always possible to do this optimization because of backward compatibility:
```rust
pub trait Trait<Rhs = Self> {}
pub trait Trait1 : Trait {} // ERROR: `Rhs` requires `DefaultAutoTrait`, but `Self` is not `DefaultAutoTrait`
```
or
```rust
trait Trait {
type Type where Self: Sized;
}
trait Trait2<T> : Trait<Type = T> {} // ERROR: `???` requires `DefaultAutoTrait`, but `Self` is not `DefaultAutoTrait`
```
Therefore, `DefaultAutoTrait`'s are still being added to supertraits if the `Self` params or type bindings were found in the trait header.
#### Trait objects
Trait objects requires explicit `+ Trait` bound to implement corresponding trait which is not backward compatible:
```rust
fn use_trait_object(x: Box<dyn Trait>) {
foo(x) // ERROR: `foo` requires `DefaultAutoTrait`, but `dyn Trait` is not `DefaultAutoTrait`
}
// implicit T: DefaultAutoTrait here
fn foo<T>(_: T) {}
```
So, for a trait object `dyn Trait` we should add an implicit bound `dyn Trait + DefaultAutoTrait` to make it usable, and allow relaxing it with a question mark syntax `dyn Trait + ?DefaultAutoTrait` when it's not necessary.
#### Foreign types
If compiler doesn't generate auto trait implementations for a foreign type, then it's a breaking change if the default bounds are added everywhere else:
```rust
// implicit T: DefaultAutoTrait here
fn foo<T: ?Sized>(_: &T) {}
extern "C" {
type ExternTy;
}
fn forward_extern_ty(x: &ExternTy) {
foo(x); // ERROR: `foo` requires `DefaultAutoTrait`, but `ExternTy` is not `DefaultAutoTrait`
}
```
We'll have to enable implicit `DefaultAutoTrait` implementations for foreign types at least for previous editions:
```rust
// implicit T: DefaultAutoTrait here
fn foo<T: ?Sized>(_: &T) {}
extern "C" {
type ExternTy;
}
impl DefaultAutoTrait for ExternTy {} // implicit impl
fn forward_extern_ty(x: &ExternTy) {
foo(x); // OK
}
```
### Unresolved questions
New default bounds affect all existing Rust code complicating an already complex type system.
- Proving an auto trait predicate requires recursively traversing the type and proving the predicate for it's fields. This leads to a significant performance regression. Measurements for the stage 2 compiler build show up to 3x regression.
- We hope that fast path optimizations for well known traits could mitigate such regressions at least partially.
- New default bounds trigger some compiler bugs in both old and new trait solver.
- With new default bounds we encounter some trait solver cycle errors that break existing code.
- We hope that these cases are bugs that can be addressed in the new trait solver.
Also migration to a new edition could be quite ugly and enormous, but that's actually what we want to solve. For other issues there's a chance that they could be solved by a new solver.
Move methods from `Map` to `TyCtxt`, part 5.
This eliminates all methods on `Map`. Actually removing `Map` will occur in a follow-up PR.
A follow-up to #137504.
r? `@Zalathar`
Various local trait item iteration cleanups
Adding a trait impl for `Foo` unconditionally affected all queries that are interested in a completely independent trait `Bar`. Perf has no effect on this. We probably don't have a good perf test for this tho.
r? `@compiler-errors`
I am unsure about 9d05efb66f as it doesn't improve anything wrt incremental, because we still do all the checks for valid `Drop` impls, which subsequently will still invoke many queries and basically keep the depgraph the same.
I want to do
9549077a47/compiler/rustc_middle/src/ty/trait_def.rs (L141)
but would leave that to a follow-up PR, this one changes enough things as it is
Remove ScopeDepth
The scope depth was tracked, but never seemed to be used for anything.
Every single place that used `(Scope, ScopeDepth)`, matched it on `(p, _)`.
It's an old (2017 or earlier) type that describes a `self` receiver.
It's only used in `rustc_hir_analysis` for two error messages, and much
of the complexity isn't used. I suspect it used to be used for more
things.
This commit removes it, and moves a greatly simplified version of the
`determine` method into `rustc_hir_analysis`, renamed as
`get_self_string`. The big comment on the method is removed because it
no longer seems relevant.
"Missing" patterns are possible in bare fn types (`fn f(u32)`) and
similar places. Currently these are represented in the AST with
`ast::PatKind::Ident` with no `by_ref`, no `mut`, an empty ident, and no
sub-pattern. This flows through to `{hir,thir}::PatKind::Binding` for
HIR and THIR.
This is a bit nasty. It's very non-obvious, and easy to forget to check
for the exceptional empty identifier case.
This commit adds a new variant, `PatKind::Missing`, to do it properly.
The process I followed:
- Add a `Missing` variant to `{ast,hir,thir}::PatKind`.
- Chang `parse_param_general` to produce `ast::PatKind::Missing`
instead of `ast::PatKind::Missing`.
- Look through `kw::Empty` occurrences to find functions where an
existing empty ident check needs replacing with a `PatKind::Missing`
check: `print_param`, `check_trait_item`, `is_named_param`.
- Add a `PatKind::Missing => unreachable!(),` arm to every exhaustive
match identified by the compiler.
- Find which arms are actually reachable by running the test suite,
changing them to something appropriate, usually by looking at what
would happen to a `PatKind::Ident`/`PatKind::Binding` with no ref, no
`mut`, an empty ident, and no subpattern.
Quite a few of the `unreachable!()` arms were never reached. This makes
sense because `PatKind::Missing` can't happen in every pattern, only
in places like bare fn tys and trait fn decls.
I also tried an alternative approach: modifying `ast::Param::pat` to
hold an `Option<P<Pat>>` instead of a `P<Pat>`, but that quickly turned
into a very large and painful change. Adding `PatKind::Missing` is much
easier.
Parameter patterns are lowered to an `Ident` by
`lower_fn_params_to_names`, which is used when lowering bare function
types, trait methods, and foreign functions. Currently, there are two
exceptional cases where the lowered param can become an empty `Ident`.
- If the incoming pattern is an empty `Ident`. This occurs if the
parameter is anonymous, e.g. in a bare function type.
- If the incoming pattern is neither an ident nor an underscore. Any
such parameter will have triggered a compile error (hence the
`span_delayed_bug`), but lowering still occurs.
This commit replaces these empty `Ident` results with `None`, which
eliminates a number of `kw::Empty` uses, and makes it impossible to fail
to check for these exceptional cases.
Note: the `FIXME` comment in `is_unwrap_or_empty_symbol` is removed. It
actually should have been removed in #138482, the precursor to this PR.
That PR changed the lowering of wild patterns to `_` symbols instead of
empty symbols, which made the mentioned underscore check load-bearing.
