Update doc for `alloc::format!` and `core::concat!`
Closes#115551.
Used comments instead of `assert!`s as [`std::fmt`](https://doc.rust-lang.org/std/fmt/index.html#usage) uses comments.
Should all the str-related macros (`format!`, `format_args!`, `concat!`, `stringify!`, `println!`, `writeln!`, etc.) references each others? For instance, [`concat!`](https://doc.rust-lang.org/core/macro.concat.html) mentions that integers are stringified, but don't link to `stringify!`.
`@rustbot` label +A-docs +A-fmt
Specialize count for range iterators
Since `size_hint` is already specialized, it feels apt to specialize `count` as well. Without any specialized version of `ExactSizeIterator::len` or `Step::steps_between`, this feels like a more reliable way of accessing this without having to rely on knowing that `size_hint` is correct.
In my case, this is particularly useful to access the `steps_between` implementation for `char` from the standard library without having to compute it manually.
I didn't think it was worth modifying the `Step` trait to add a version of `steps_between` that used native overflow checks since this is just doing one subtraction in most cases anyway, and so I decided to make the inclusive version use `checked_add` so it didn't have this lopsided overflow-checks-but-only-sometimes logic.
don't globally ignore rustc-ice files
Reverts a change that happened in https://github.com/rust-lang/rust/pull/114586 but is unrelated to that PR and wasn't discussed.
ICE files appearing is somewhat of a nuisance, but I'd rather clean them up than have them accumulate in my source folder. `@oli-obk` if you want to ignore them you can add them to your local `.git/info/exclude`.
coverage: Simplify internal representation of debug types
Most of these debug helper types store each of their fields as `Option<T>`, and then set them to `Some` when the relevant debug checks are enabled. This makes the struct fields awkward to read and results in some contortions when accessing the field values.
This PR addresses those problems by changing each of the helper types to have a single `state: Option<FooState>` field. Each individual method can then obtain the state up-front (or return early if it is absent), allowing the rest of the code to just access the state's contents directly.
---
There are some more improvements I'd like to make to the debug code, but for this PR I'm focusing on a straightforward mechanical change that should be fairly easy to review.
(I did thrown in a few trivial changes to imports and docs, along with one switch from `FxHashMap` to `FxHashSet`.)
---
Most of the changed lines are just indentation churn, so ignoring whitespace is recommended.
Accept additional user-defined syntax classes in fenced code blocks
Part of #79483.
This is a re-opening of https://github.com/rust-lang/rust/pull/79454 after a big update/cleanup. I also converted the syntax to pandoc as suggested by `@notriddle:` the idea is to be as compatible as possible with the existing instead of having our own syntax.
## Motivation
From the original issue: https://github.com/rust-lang/rust/issues/78917
> The technique used by `inline-c-rs` can be ported to other languages. It's just super fun to see C code inside Rust documentation that is also tested by `cargo doc`. I'm sure this technique can be used by other languages in the future.
Having custom CSS classes for syntax highlighting will allow tools like `highlight.js` to be used in order to provide highlighting for languages other than Rust while not increasing technical burden on rustdoc.
## What is the feature about?
In short, this PR changes two things, both related to codeblocks in doc comments in Rust documentation:
* Allow to disable generation of `language-*` CSS classes with the `custom` attribute.
* Add your own CSS classes to a code block so that you can use other tools to highlight them.
#### The `custom` attribute
Let's start with the new `custom` attribute: it will disable the generation of the `language-*` CSS class on the generated HTML code block. For example:
```rust
/// ```custom,c
/// int main(void) {
/// return 0;
/// }
/// ```
```
The generated HTML code block will not have `class="language-c"` because the `custom` attribute has been set. The `custom` attribute becomes especially useful with the other thing added by this feature: adding your own CSS classes.
#### Adding your own CSS classes
The second part of this feature is to allow users to add CSS classes themselves so that they can then add a JS library which will do it (like `highlight.js` or `prism.js`), allowing to support highlighting for other languages than Rust without increasing burden on rustdoc. To disable the automatic `language-*` CSS class generation, you need to use the `custom` attribute as well.
This allow users to write the following:
```rust
/// Some code block with `{class=language-c}` as the language string.
///
/// ```custom,{class=language-c}
/// int main(void) {
/// return 0;
/// }
/// ```
fn main() {}
```
This will notably produce the following HTML:
```html
<pre class="language-c">
int main(void) {
return 0;
}</pre>
```
Instead of:
```html
<pre class="rust rust-example-rendered">
<span class="ident">int</span> <span class="ident">main</span>(<span class="ident">void</span>) {
<span class="kw">return</span> <span class="number">0</span>;
}
</pre>
```
To be noted, we could have written `{.language-c}` to achieve the same result. `.` and `class=` have the same effect.
One last syntax point: content between parens (`(like this)`) is now considered as comment and is not taken into account at all.
In addition to this, I added an `unknown` field into `LangString` (the parsed code block "attribute") because of cases like this:
```rust
/// ```custom,class:language-c
/// main;
/// ```
pub fn foo() {}
```
Without this `unknown` field, it would generate in the DOM: `<pre class="language-class:language-c language-c">`, which is quite bad. So instead, it now stores all unknown tags into the `unknown` field and use the first one as "language". So in this case, since there is no unknown tag, it'll simply generate `<pre class="language-c">`. I added tests to cover this.
Finally, I added a parser for the codeblock attributes to make it much easier to maintain. It'll be pretty easy to extend.
As to why this syntax for adding attributes was picked: it's [Pandoc's syntax](https://pandoc.org/MANUAL.html#extension-fenced_code_attributes). Even if it seems clunkier in some cases, it's extensible, and most third-party Markdown renderers are smart enough to ignore Pandoc's brace-delimited attributes (from [this comment](https://github.com/rust-lang/rust/pull/110800#issuecomment-1522044456)).
## Raised concerns
#### It's not obvious when the `language-*` attribute generation will be added or not.
It is added by default. If you want to disable it, you will need to use the `custom` attribute.
#### Why not using HTML in markdown directly then?
Code examples in most languages are likely to contain `<`, `>`, `&` and `"` characters. These characters [require escaping](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/HTML/Element/pre) when written inside the `<pre>` element. Using the \`\`\` code blocks allows rustdoc to take care of escaping, which means doc authors can paste code samples directly without manually converting them to HTML.
cc `@poliorcetics`
r? `@notriddle`
Rollup of 2 pull requests
Successful merges:
- #115607 (clarify that unsafe code must not rely on our safe traits)
- #115866 (make interpreter and TyAndLayout type Debug impl independent of Ty debug impl)
Failed merges:
- #115873 (Make `TyKind::Adt`'s `Debug` impl be more pretty)
- #115884 (make ty::Const debug printing less verbose)
r? `@ghost`
`@rustbot` modify labels: rollup
clarify that unsafe code must not rely on our safe traits
This adds a disclaimer to PartialEq, Eq, PartialOrd, Ord, Hash, Deref, DerefMut.
We already have a similar disclaimer in ExactSizeIterator (worded a bit differently):
```
/// Note that this trait is a safe trait and as such does *not* and *cannot*
/// guarantee that the returned length is correct. This means that `unsafe`
/// code **must not** rely on the correctness of [`Iterator::size_hint`]. The
/// unstable and unsafe [`TrustedLen`](super::marker::TrustedLen) trait gives
/// this additional guarantee.
```
If there are any other traits that should carry such a disclaimer, please let me know.
Fixes https://github.com/rust-lang/rust/issues/73682
closure field capturing: don't depend on alignment of packed fields
This fixes the closure field capture part of https://github.com/rust-lang/rust/issues/115305: field capturing always stops at projections into packed structs, no matter the alignment of the field. This means changing a private field type from `u8` to `u64` can never change how closures capture fields, which is probably what we want.
Here's an example where, before this PR, changing the type of a private field in a repr(Rust) struct can change the output of a program:
```rust
#![allow(dead_code)]
mod m {
// before patch
#[derive(Default)]
pub struct S1(u8);
// after patch
#[derive(Default)]
pub struct S2(u64);
}
struct NoisyDrop;
impl Drop for NoisyDrop {
fn drop(&mut self) {
eprintln!("dropped!");
}
}
#[repr(packed)]
struct MyType {
field: m::S1, // output changes when this becomes S2
other_field: NoisyDrop,
third_field: Vec<()>,
}
fn test(r: MyType) {
let c = || {
let _val = std::ptr::addr_of!(r.field);
let _val = r.third_field;
};
drop(c);
eprintln!("before dropping");
}
fn main() {
test(MyType {
field: Default::default(),
other_field: NoisyDrop,
third_field: Vec::new(),
});
}
```
Of course this is a breaking change for the same reason that doing field capturing in the first place was a breaking change. Packed fields are relatively rare and depending on drop order is relatively rare, so I don't expect this to have much impact, but it's hard to be sure and even a crater run will only tell us so much.
Also see the [nomination comment](https://github.com/rust-lang/rust/pull/115315#issuecomment-1702807825).
Cc `@rust-lang/wg-rfc-2229` `@ehuss`
Make useless_ptr_null_checks smarter about some std functions
This teaches the `useless_ptr_null_checks` lint that some std functions can't ever return null pointers, because they need to point to valid data, get references as input, etc.
This is achieved by introducing an `#[rustc_never_returns_null_ptr]` attribute and adding it to these std functions (gated behind bootstrap `cfg_attr`).
Later on, the attribute could maybe be used to tell LLVM that the returned pointer is never null. I don't expect much impact of that though, as the functions are pretty shallow and usually the input data is already never null.
Follow-up of PR #113657Fixes#114442
