In particular this is false when passing `-static` or `-static-pie` to
the linker, which changes the default to `-Bstatic`. This PR ensures we
explicitly initialize the correct mode when we first need it.
Remove misleading target feature aliases
Fixes#100752. This is a follow up to #103750. These aliases could not be completely removed until rust-lang/stdarch#1355 landed.
cc `@Amanieu`
Allow MIR debuginfo to point to a variable's address
MIR optimizations currently do not to operate on borrowed locals.
When enabling #106285, many borrows will be left as-is because they are used in debuginfo. This pass allows to replace this pattern directly in MIR debuginfo:
```rust
a => _1
_1 = &raw? mut? _2
```
becomes
```rust
a => &_2
// No statement to borrow _2.
```
This pass is implemented as a drive-by in ReferencePropagation MIR pass.
This transformation allows following following MIR opts to treat _2 as an unborrowed local, and optimize it as such, even in builds with debuginfo.
In codegen, when encountering `a => &..&_2`, we create a list of allocas:
```llvm
store ptr %_2.dbg.spill, ptr %a.ref0.dbg.spill
store ptr %a.ref0.dbg.spill, ptr %a.ref1.dbg.spill
...
call void `@llvm.dbg.declare(metadata` ptr %a.ref{n}.dbg.spill, /* ... */)
```
Caveat: this transformation looses the exact type, we do not differentiate `a` as a immutable, mutable reference or a raw pointer. Everything is declared to `*mut` to codegen. I'm not convinced this is a blocker.
Align unsized locals
Allocate an extra space for unsized locals and manually align the storage, since alloca doesn't support dynamic alignment.
Fixes#71416.
Fixes#71695.
Introduce `DynSend` and `DynSync` auto trait for parallel compiler
part of parallel-rustc #101566
This PR introduces `DynSend / DynSync` trait and `FromDyn / IntoDyn` structure in rustc_data_structure::marker. `FromDyn` can dynamically check data structures for thread safety when switching to parallel environments (such as calling `par_for_each_in`). This happens only when `-Z threads > 1` so it doesn't affect single-threaded mode's compile efficiency.
r? `@cjgillot`
bump windows crate 0.46 -> 0.48
This drops duped version of crate(0.46), reduces `rustc_driver.dll` ~800kb and reduces exported functions number from 26k to 22k.
Also while here, added `tidy-alphabetical` sorting to lists in tidy allowed lists.
You will need to add the following as replacement for the old __rust_*
definitions when not using the alloc shim.
#[no_mangle]
static __rust_no_alloc_shim_is_unstable: u8 = 0;
Isolate coverage FFI type layouts from their underlying LLVM C++ types
I noticed that several of the types used to send coverage information through FFI are not properly isolated from the layout of their corresponding C++ types in the LLVM API.
This PR adds more explicitly-defined FFI struct/enum types in `CoverageMappingWrapper.cpp`, so that Rust source files in `rustc_codegen_ssa` and `rustc_codegen_llvm` aren't directly exposed to LLVM C++ types.
Support linking to rust dylib with --crate-type staticlib
This allows for example dynamically linking libstd, while statically linking the user crate into an executable or C dynamic library. For this two unstable flags (`-Z staticlib-allow-rdylib-deps` and `-Z staticlib-prefer-dynamic`) are introduced. Without the former you get an error. The latter is the equivalent to `-C prefer-dynamic` for the staticlib crate type to indicate that dynamically linking is preferred when both options are available, like for libstd. Care must be taken to ensure that no crate ends up being merged into two distinct staticlibs that are linked together. Doing so will cause a linker error at best and undefined behavior at worst. In addition two distinct staticlibs compiled by different rustc may not be combined under any circumstances due to some rustc private symbols not being mangled.
To successfully link a staticlib, `--print native-static-libs` can be used while compiling to ask rustc for the linker flags necessary when linking the staticlib. This is an existing flag which previously only listed native libraries. It has been extended to list rust dylibs too. Trying to locate libstd yourself to link against it is not supported and may break if for example the libstd of multiple rustc versions are put in the same directory.
For an example on how to use this see the `src/test/run-make-fulldeps/staticlib-dylib-linkage/` test.
Add GNU Property Note
Fix#103001
Generates the missing property note:
```
Displaying notes found in: .note.gnu.property
Owner Data size Description
GNU 0x00000010 NT_GNU_PROPERTY_TYPE_0 Properties: x86 feature: IBT
```
Make `(try_)subst_and_normalize_erasing_regions` take `EarlyBinder`
Changes `subst_and_normalize_erasing_regions` and `try_subst_and_normalize_erasing_regions` to take `EarlyBinder<T>` instead of `T`.
(related to #105779)
This was suggested by `@BoxyUwU` in https://github.com/rust-lang/rust/pull/107753#discussion_r1105828139. After changing `type_of` to return `EarlyBinder`, there were several places where the binder was immediately skipped to call `tcx.subst_and_normalize_erasing_regions`, only for the binder to be reconstructed inside of that method.
r? `@BoxyUwU`
Operand::extract_field: only cast llval if it's a pointer and replace bitcast w/ pointercast.
Fixes#105439.
Also cc `@erikdesjardins,` looks like another place to cleanup as part of #105545
Stabilize raw-dylib, link_ordinal, import_name_type and -Cdlltool
This stabilizes the `raw-dylib` feature (#58713) for all architectures (i.e., `x86` as it is already stable for all other architectures).
Changes:
* Permit the use of the `raw-dylib` link kind for x86, the `link_ordinal` attribute and the `import_name_type` key for the `link` attribute.
* Mark the `raw_dylib` feature as stable.
* Stabilized the `-Zdlltool` argument as `-Cdlltool`.
* Note the path to `dlltool` if invoking it failed (we don't need to do this if `dlltool` returns an error since it prints its path in the error message).
* Adds tests for `-Cdlltool`.
* Adds tests for being unable to find the dlltool executable, and dlltool failing.
* Fixes a bug where we were checking the exit code of dlltool to see if it failed, but dlltool always returns 0 (indicating success), so instead we need to check if anything was written to `stderr`.
NOTE: As previously noted (https://github.com/rust-lang/rust/pull/104218#issuecomment-1315895618) using dlltool within rustc is temporary, but this is not the first time that Rust has added a temporary tool use and argument: https://github.com/rust-lang/rust/pull/104218#issuecomment-1318720482
Big thanks to ``````@tbu-`````` for the first version of this PR (#104218)
Add cross-language LLVM CFI support to the Rust compiler
This PR adds cross-language LLVM Control Flow Integrity (CFI) support to the Rust compiler by adding the `-Zsanitizer-cfi-normalize-integers` option to be used with Clang `-fsanitize-cfi-icall-normalize-integers` for normalizing integer types (see https://reviews.llvm.org/D139395).
It provides forward-edge control flow protection for C or C++ and Rust -compiled code "mixed binaries" (i.e., for when C or C++ and Rust -compiled code share the same virtual address space). For more information about LLVM CFI and cross-language LLVM CFI support for the Rust compiler, see design document in the tracking issue #89653.
Cross-language LLVM CFI can be enabled with -Zsanitizer=cfi and -Zsanitizer-cfi-normalize-integers, and requires proper (i.e., non-rustc) LTO (i.e., -Clinker-plugin-lto).
Thank you again, ``@bjorn3,`` ``@nikic,`` ``@samitolvanen,`` and the Rust community for all the help!
This commit adds cross-language LLVM Control Flow Integrity (CFI)
support to the Rust compiler by adding the
`-Zsanitizer-cfi-normalize-integers` option to be used with Clang
`-fsanitize-cfi-icall-normalize-integers` for normalizing integer types
(see https://reviews.llvm.org/D139395).
It provides forward-edge control flow protection for C or C++ and Rust
-compiled code "mixed binaries" (i.e., for when C or C++ and Rust
-compiled code share the same virtual address space). For more
information about LLVM CFI and cross-language LLVM CFI support for the
Rust compiler, see design document in the tracking issue #89653.
Cross-language LLVM CFI can be enabled with -Zsanitizer=cfi and
-Zsanitizer-cfi-normalize-integers, and requires proper (i.e.,
non-rustc) LTO (i.e., -Clinker-plugin-lto).
Currently a `{D,Subd}iagnosticMessage` can be created from any type that
impls `Into<String>`. That includes `&str`, `String`, and `Cow<'static,
str>`, which are reasonable. It also includes `&String`, which is pretty
weird, and results in many places making unnecessary allocations for
patterns like this:
```
self.fatal(&format!(...))
```
This creates a string with `format!`, takes a reference, passes the
reference to `fatal`, which does an `into()`, which clones the
reference, doing a second allocation. Two allocations for a single
string, bleh.
This commit changes the `From` impls so that you can only create a
`{D,Subd}iagnosticMessage` from `&str`, `String`, or `Cow<'static,
str>`. This requires changing all the places that currently create one
from a `&String`. Most of these are of the `&format!(...)` form
described above; each one removes an unnecessary static `&`, plus an
allocation when executed. There are also a few places where the existing
use of `&String` was more reasonable; these now just use `clone()` at
the call site.
As well as making the code nicer and more efficient, this is a step
towards possibly using `Cow<'static, str>` in
`{D,Subd}iagnosticMessage::{Str,Eager}`. That would require changing
the `From<&'a str>` impls to `From<&'static str>`, which is doable, but
I'm not yet sure if it's worthwhile.
Fix Unreadable non-UTF-8 output on localized MSVC
Fixes#35785 by converting non UTF-8 linker output to Unicode using the OEM code page.
Before:
```text
= note: Non-UTF-8 output: LINK : fatal error LNK1181: cannot open input file \'m\x84rchenhaft.obj\'\r\n
```
After:
```text
= note: LINK : fatal error LNK1181: cannot open input file 'märchenhaft.obj'
```
The difference is more dramatic if using a non-ascii language pack for Windows.
only error combining +whole-archive and +bundle for rlibs
Fixes https://github.com/rust-lang/rust/issues/110912
Checking `flavor == RlibFlavor::Normal` was accidentally lost in 601fc8b36bhttps://github.com/rust-lang/rust/pull/105601
That caused combining +whole-archive and +bundle link modifiers on non-rlib crates to fail with a confusing error message saying that combination is unstable for rlibs. In particular, this caused the build to fail when +whole-archive was used on staticlib crates, even though +whole-archive effectively does nothing on non-bin crates because the final linker invocation is left to an external build system.
cc ``@petrochenkov``
Use MIR's `Offset` for pointer `add` too
~~Status: draft while waiting for #110822 to land, since this is built atop that.~~
~~r? `@ghost~~`
Canonical Rust code has mostly moved to `add`/`sub` on pointers, which take `usize`, instead of `offset` which takes `isize`. (And, relatedly, when `sub_ptr` was added it turned out it replaced every single in-tree use of `offset_from`, because `usize` is just so much more useful than `isize` in Rust.)
Unfortunately, `intrinsics::offset` could only accept `*const` and `isize`, so there's a *huge* amount of type conversions back and forth being done. They're identity conversions in the backend, but still end up producing quite a lot of unhelpful MIR.
This PR changes `intrinsics::offset` to accept `*const` *and* `*mut` along with `isize` *and* `usize`. Conveniently, the backends and CTFE already handle this, since MIR's `BinOp::Offset` [already supports all four combinations](adaac6b166/compiler/rustc_const_eval/src/transform/validate.rs (L523-L528)).
To demonstrate the difference, I added some `mir-opt/pre-codegen/` tests around slice indexing. Here's the difference to `[T]::get_mut`, since it uses `<*mut _>::add` internally:
```diff
`@@` -79,30 +70,21 `@@` fn slice_get_mut_usize(_1: &mut [u32], _2: usize) -> Option<&mut u32> {
StorageLive(_12); // scope 3 at $SRC_DIR/core/src/slice/index.rs:LL:COL
StorageLive(_9); // scope 6 at $SRC_DIR/core/src/slice/index.rs:LL:COL
_9 = _8 as *mut u32 (PtrToPtr); // scope 11 at $SRC_DIR/core/src/ptr/mut_ptr.rs:LL:COL
- StorageLive(_13); // scope 13 at $SRC_DIR/core/src/ptr/mut_ptr.rs:LL:COL
- _13 = _2 as isize (IntToInt); // scope 13 at $SRC_DIR/core/src/ptr/mut_ptr.rs:LL:COL
- StorageLive(_14); // scope 15 at $SRC_DIR/core/src/ptr/mut_ptr.rs:LL:COL
- StorageLive(_15); // scope 15 at $SRC_DIR/core/src/ptr/mut_ptr.rs:LL:COL
- _15 = _9 as *const u32 (Pointer(MutToConstPointer)); // scope 15 at $SRC_DIR/core/src/ptr/mut_ptr.rs:LL:COL
- _14 = Offset(move _15, _13); // scope 15 at $SRC_DIR/core/src/ptr/mut_ptr.rs:LL:COL
- StorageDead(_15); // scope 15 at $SRC_DIR/core/src/ptr/mut_ptr.rs:LL:COL
- _7 = move _14 as *mut u32 (PtrToPtr); // scope 15 at $SRC_DIR/core/src/ptr/mut_ptr.rs:LL:COL
- StorageDead(_14); // scope 15 at $SRC_DIR/core/src/ptr/mut_ptr.rs:LL:COL
- StorageDead(_13); // scope 13 at $SRC_DIR/core/src/ptr/mut_ptr.rs:LL:COL
+ _7 = Offset(_9, _2); // scope 13 at $SRC_DIR/core/src/ptr/mut_ptr.rs:LL:COL
StorageDead(_9); // scope 6 at $SRC_DIR/core/src/slice/index.rs:LL:COL
StorageDead(_12); // scope 3 at $SRC_DIR/core/src/slice/index.rs:LL:COL
StorageDead(_11); // scope 3 at $SRC_DIR/core/src/slice/index.rs:LL:COL
```
1c1c8e442a (diff-a841b6a4538657add3f39bc895744331453d0625e7aace128b1f604f0b63c8fdR80)
Fixes https://github.com/rust-lang/rust/issues/110912
Checking `flavor == RlibFlavor::Normal` was accidentally lost in
601fc8b36bhttps://github.com/rust-lang/rust/pull/105601
That caused combining +whole-archive and +bundle link modifiers on
non-rlib crates to fail with a confusing error message saying that
combination is unstable for rlibs. In particular, this caused the
build to fail when +whole-archive was used on staticlib crates, even
though +whole-archive effectively does nothing on non-bin crates because
the final linker invocation is left to an external build system.
Nicer ICE for #67981
Provides a slightly nicer ICE for #67981, documenting the problem. A proper fix will be necessary before `#![feature(unsized_fn_params)]` can be stabilized.
The problem is that the design of the `"rust-call"` ABI is fundamentally not compatible with `unsized_fn_params`. `"rust-call"` functions need to collect their arguments into a tuple, but if the arguments are not `Sized`, said tuple is potentially not even a valid type—and if it is, it requires `alloca` to create.
``@rustbot`` label +A-abi +A-codegen +F-unboxed_closures +F-unsized_fn_params
Fixes#35785 by converting non UTF-8 linker output to Unicode using the OEM code page.
Before:
```text
= note: Non-UTF-8 output: LINK : fatal error LNK1181: cannot open input file \'m\x84rchenhaft.obj\'\r\n
```
After:
```text
= note: LINK : fatal error LNK1181: cannot open input file 'märchenhaft.obj'
```
The difference is more dramatic if using a non-ascii language pack for Visual Studio.
This adds `unaligned-scalar-mem` as an allowed RISC-V target feature.
Some RISC-V cores support unaligned access to memory without trapping.
On such cores, the compiler could significantly improve code-size and
performance when using functions like core::ptr::read_unaligned<u32>
by emitting a single load or store instruction with an unaligned
address, rather than a long sequence of byte load/store/bitmanip
instructions.
Enabling the `unaligned-scalar-mem` target feature allows LLVM to do
this optimization.
Fixes#110883
Rollup of 10 pull requests
Successful merges:
- #108760 (Add lint to deny diagnostics composed of static strings)
- #109444 (Change tidy error message for TODOs)
- #110419 (Spelling library)
- #110550 (Suggest deref on comparison binop RHS even if type is not Copy)
- #110641 (Add new rustdoc book chapter to describe in-doc settings)
- #110798 (pass `unused_extern_crates` in `librustdoc::doctest::make_test`)
- #110819 (simplify TrustedLen impls)
- #110825 (diagnostics: add test case for already-solved issue)
- #110835 (Make some region folders a little stricter.)
- #110847 (rustdoc-json: Time serialization.)
Failed merges:
r? `@ghost`
`@rustbot` modify labels: rollup
They're semantically the same, so this means the backends don't need to handle the intrinsic and means fewer MIR basic blocks in pointer arithmetic code.
Report allocation errors as panics
OOM is now reported as a panic but with a custom payload type (`AllocErrorPanicPayload`) which holds the layout that was passed to `handle_alloc_error`.
This should be review one commit at a time:
- The first commit adds `AllocErrorPanicPayload` and changes allocation errors to always be reported as panics.
- The second commit removes `#[alloc_error_handler]` and the `alloc_error_hook` API.
ACP: https://github.com/rust-lang/libs-team/issues/192Closes#51540Closes#51245
Add offset_of! macro (RFC 3308)
Implements https://github.com/rust-lang/rfcs/pull/3308 (tracking issue #106655) by adding the built in macro `core::mem::offset_of`. Two of the future possibilities are also implemented:
* Nested field accesses (without array indexing)
* DST support (for `Sized` fields)
I wrote this a few months ago, before the RFC merged. Now that it's merged, I decided to rebase and finish it.
cc `@thomcc` (RFC author)
Support AIX-style archive type
Reading facility of AIX big archive has been supported by `object` since 0.30.0.
Writing facility of AIX big archive has already been supported by `ar_archive_writer`, but we need to bump the version to support the new archive type enum.
Add `rustc_fluent_macro` to decouple fluent from `rustc_macros`
Fluent, with all the icu4x it brings in, takes quite some time to compile. `fluent_messages!` is only needed in further downstream rustc crates, but is blocking more upstream crates like `rustc_index`. By splitting it out, we allow `rustc_macros` to be compiled earlier, which speeds up `x check compiler` by about 5 seconds (and even more after the needless dependency on `serde_json` is removed from `rustc_data_structures`).
Encode hashes as bytes, not varint
In a few places, we store hashes as `u64` or `u128` and then apply `derive(Decodable, Encodable)` to the enclosing struct/enum. It is more efficient to encode hashes directly than try to apply some varint encoding. This PR adds two new types `Hash64` and `Hash128` which are produced by `StableHasher` and replace every use of storing a `u64` or `u128` that represents a hash.
Distribution of the byte lengths of leb128 encodings, from `x build --stage 2` with `incremental = true`
Before:
```
( 1) 373418203 (53.7%, 53.7%): 1
( 2) 196240113 (28.2%, 81.9%): 3
( 3) 108157958 (15.6%, 97.5%): 2
( 4) 17213120 ( 2.5%, 99.9%): 4
( 5) 223614 ( 0.0%,100.0%): 9
( 6) 216262 ( 0.0%,100.0%): 10
( 7) 15447 ( 0.0%,100.0%): 5
( 8) 3633 ( 0.0%,100.0%): 19
( 9) 3030 ( 0.0%,100.0%): 8
( 10) 1167 ( 0.0%,100.0%): 18
( 11) 1032 ( 0.0%,100.0%): 7
( 12) 1003 ( 0.0%,100.0%): 6
( 13) 10 ( 0.0%,100.0%): 16
( 14) 10 ( 0.0%,100.0%): 17
( 15) 5 ( 0.0%,100.0%): 12
( 16) 4 ( 0.0%,100.0%): 14
```
After:
```
( 1) 372939136 (53.7%, 53.7%): 1
( 2) 196240140 (28.3%, 82.0%): 3
( 3) 108014969 (15.6%, 97.5%): 2
( 4) 17192375 ( 2.5%,100.0%): 4
( 5) 435 ( 0.0%,100.0%): 5
( 6) 83 ( 0.0%,100.0%): 18
( 7) 79 ( 0.0%,100.0%): 10
( 8) 50 ( 0.0%,100.0%): 9
( 9) 6 ( 0.0%,100.0%): 19
```
The remaining 9 or 10 and 18 or 19 are `u64` and `u128` respectively that have the high bits set. As far as I can tell these are coming primarily from `SwitchTargets`.
Fluent, with all the icu4x it brings in, takes quite some time to
compile. `fluent_messages!` is only needed in further downstream rustc
crates, but is blocking more upstream crates like `rustc_index`. By
splitting it out, we allow `rustc_macros` to be compiled earlier, which
speeds up `x check compiler` by about 5 seconds (and even more after the
needless dependency on `serde_json` is removed from
`rustc_data_structures`).
Preserve argument indexes when inlining MIR
We store argument indexes on VarDebugInfo. Unlike the previous method of relying on the variable index to know whether a variable is an argument, this survives MIR inlining.
We also no longer check if var.source_info.scope is the outermost scope. When a function gets inlined, the arguments to the inner function will no longer be in the outermost scope. What we care about though is whether they were in the outermost scope prior to inlining, which we know by whether we assigned an argument index.
Fixes#83217
I considered using `Option<NonZeroU16>` instead of `Option<u16>` to store the index. I didn't because `TypeFoldable` isn't implemented for `NonZeroU16` and because it looks like due to padding, it currently wouldn't make any difference. But I indexed from 1 anyway because (a) it'll make it easier if later it becomes worthwhile to use a `NonZeroU16` and because the arguments were previously indexed from 1, so it made for a smaller change.
This is my first PR on rust-lang/rust, so apologies if I've gotten anything not quite right.
Initial support for loongarch64-unknown-linux-gnu
Hi, We hope to add a new port in rust for LoongArch.
LoongArch intro
LoongArch is a RISC style ISA which is independently designed by Loongson
Technology in China. It is divided into two versions, the 32-bit version (LA32)
and the 64-bit version (LA64). LA64 applications have application-level
backward binary compatibility with LA32 applications. LoongArch is composed of
a basic part (Loongson Base) and an expanded part. The expansion part includes
Loongson Binary Translation (LBT), Loongson VirtualiZation (LVZ), Loongson SIMD
EXtension (LSX) and Loongson Advanced SIMD EXtension(LASX).
Currently the LA464 processor core supports LoongArch ISA and the Loongson
3A5000 processor integrates 4 64-bit LA464 cores. LA464 is a four-issue 64-bit
high-performance processor core. It can be used as a single core for high-end
embedded and desktop applications, or as a basic processor core to form an
on-chip multi-core system for server and high-performance machine applications.
Documentations:
ISA:
https://loongson.github.io/LoongArch-Documentation/LoongArch-Vol1-EN.html
ABI:
https://loongson.github.io/LoongArch-Documentation/LoongArch-ELF-ABI-EN.html
More docs can be found at:
https://loongson.github.io/LoongArch-Documentation/README-EN.html
Since last year, we have locally adapted two versions of rust, rust1.41 and rust1.57, and completed the test locally.
I'm not sure if I'm submitting all the patches at once, so I split up the patches and here's one of the commits
Add support for RISC-V relax target feature
This adds `relax` as an allowed RISC-V target feature. The relax feature in LLVM enables [linker relaxation](https://www.sifive.com/blog/all-aboard-part-3-linker-relaxation-in-riscv-toolchain), an optimization specific to RISC-V that allows global variable accesses to be resolved by the linker by using the global pointer (`gp`) register (rather than constructing the addresses from scratch for each access). Enabling `relax` will cause LLVM to emit relocations in the object file that support this. The feature can be enabled in rustc with `-C target-feature=+relax`.
Currently this feature is disabled by default, but maybe it should be enabled by default since it is an easy performance improvement (but requires the `gp` register to be set up properly). GCC/Clang enable this feature by default (for both hosted/bare-metal targets), and include the `-mno-relax` flag to disable it (see [here](466d554dca/clang/lib/Driver/ToolChains/Arch/RISCV.cpp (L145)) for the code that enables it in Clang). I think it would make sense to enable by default, at least for all hosted targets since the `gp` register should be automatically set up by the runtime. For bare-metal targets, `gp` must be set up manually, so it is probably best to leave off by default to avoid breaking existing applications that do not set up `gp`. Leaving it disabled by default for all targets is also reasonable though.
Let me know your thoughts. Thanks!
Fixes#109426.
We store argument indexes on VarDebugInfo. Unlike the previous method of
relying on the variable index to know whether a variable is an argument,
this survives MIR inlining.
We also no longer check if var.source_info.scope is the outermost scope.
When a function gets inlined, the arguments to the inner function will
no longer be in the outermost scope. What we care about though is
whether they were in the outermost scope prior to inlining, which we
know by whether we assigned an argument index.
Fix a couple ICEs in the new `CastKind::Transmute` code
Check the sizes of the immediates, rather than the overall types, when deciding whether we can convert types without going through memory.
Fixes#110005Fixes#109992Fixes#110032
cc `@matthiaskrgr`
