Allow instantiating object trait binder when upcasting
This PR fixes two bugs (that probably need an FCP).
### We use equality rather than subtyping for upcasting dyn conversions
This code should be valid:
```rust
#![feature(trait_upcasting)]
trait Foo: for<'h> Bar<'h> {}
trait Bar<'a> {}
fn foo(x: &dyn Foo) {
let y: &dyn Bar<'static> = x;
}
```
But instead:
```
error[E0308]: mismatched types
--> src/lib.rs:7:32
|
7 | let y: &dyn Bar<'static> = x;
| ^ one type is more general than the other
|
= note: expected existential trait ref `for<'h> Bar<'h>`
found existential trait ref `Bar<'_>`
```
And so should this:
```rust
#![feature(trait_upcasting)]
fn foo(x: &dyn for<'h> Fn(&'h ())) {
let y: &dyn FnOnce(&'static ()) = x;
}
```
But instead:
```
error[E0308]: mismatched types
--> src/lib.rs:4:39
|
4 | let y: &dyn FnOnce(&'static ()) = x;
| ^ one type is more general than the other
|
= note: expected existential trait ref `for<'h> FnOnce<(&'h (),)>`
found existential trait ref `FnOnce<(&(),)>`
```
Specifically, both of these fail because we use *equality* when comparing the supertrait to the *target* of the unsize goal. For the first example, since our supertrait is `for<'h> Bar<'h>` but our target is `Bar<'static>`, there's a higher-ranked type mismatch even though we *should* be able to instantiate that supertrait binder when upcasting. Similarly for the second example.
### New solver uses equality rather than subtyping for no-op (i.e. non-upcasting) dyn conversions
This code should be valid in the new solver, like it is with the old solver:
```rust
// -Znext-solver
fn foo<'a>(x: &mut for<'h> dyn Fn(&'h ())) {
let _: &mut dyn Fn(&'a ()) = x;
}
```
But instead:
```
error: lifetime may not live long enough
--> <source>:2:11
|
1 | fn foo<'a>(x: &mut dyn for<'h> Fn(&'h ())) {
| -- lifetime `'a` defined here
2 | let _: &mut dyn Fn(&'a ()) = x;
| ^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^ type annotation requires that `'a` must outlive `'static`
|
= note: requirement occurs because of a mutable reference to `dyn Fn(&())`
```
Specifically, this fails because we try to coerce `&mut dyn for<'h> Fn(&'h ())` to `&mut dyn Fn(&'a ())`, which registers an `dyn for<'h> Fn(&'h ()): dyn Fn(&'a ())` goal. This fails because the new solver uses *equating* rather than *subtyping* in `Unsize` goals.
This is *mostly* not a problem... You may wonder why the same code passes on the new solver for immutable references:
```
// -Znext-solver
fn foo<'a>(x: &dyn Fn(&())) {
let _: &dyn Fn(&'a ()) = x; // works
}
```
That's because in this case, we first try to coerce via `Unsize`, but due to the leak check the goal fails. Then, later in coercion, we fall back to a simple subtyping operation, which *does* work.
Since `&T` is covariant over `T`, but `&mut T` is invariant, that's where the discrepancy between these two examples crops up.
---
r? lcnr or reassign :D
more eagerly discard constraints on overflow
We always discard the results of overflowing goals inside of the trait solver. We previously did so when instantiating the response in `evaluate_goal`. Canonicalizing results only to later discard them is also inefficient 🤷
It's simpler and nicer to debug to eagerly discard constraints inside of the query itself.
r? ``@compiler-errors``
Fix `clippy::useless_conversion`
Self-explanatory. Probably the last clippy change I'll actually put up since this is the only other one I've actually seen in the wild.
As our implementation of MCP411 nears completion and we begin to
solicit testing, it's no longer reasonable to expect testers to
type or remember `BikeshedIntrinsicFrom`. The name degrades the
ease-of-reading of documentation, and the overall experience of
using compiler safe transmute.
Tentatively, we'll instead adopt `TransmuteFrom`.
This name seems to be the one most likely to be stabilized, after
discussion on Zulip [1]. We may want to revisit the ordering of
`Src` and `Dst` before stabilization, at which point we'd likely
consider `TransmuteInto` or `Transmute`.
[1] https://rust-lang.zulipchat.com/#narrow/stream/216762-project-safe-transmute/topic/What.20should.20.60BikeshedIntrinsicFrom.60.20be.20named.3F
`-Znext-solver` caching
This PR has two major changes while also fixing multiple issues found via fuzzing.
The main optimization is the ability to not discard provisional cache entries when popping the highest cycle head the entry depends on. This fixes the hang in Fuchsia with `-Znext-solver=coherence`.
It also bails if the result of a fixpoint iteration is ambiguous, even without reaching a fixpoint. This is necessary to avoid exponential blowup if a coinductive cycle results in ambiguity, e.g. due to unknowable candidates in coherence.
Updating stack entries pretty much exclusively happens lazily now, so `fn check_invariants` ended up being mostly useless and I've removed it. See https://gist.github.com/lcnr/8de338fdb2685581e17727bbfab0622a for the invariants we would be able to assert with it.
For a general overview, see the in-process update of the relevant rustc-dev-guide chapter: https://hackmd.io/1ALkSjKlSCyQG-dVb_PUHw
r? ```@compiler-errors```
doing so requires overwriting global cache entries and
generally adds significant complexity to the solver. This is
also only ever done for root goals, so it feels easier to wrap
the `evaluate_canonical_goal` in an ordinary query if
necessary.
By splitting the `FnSig` within `TyKind::FnPtr` into `FnSigTys` and
`FnHeader`, which can be packed more efficiently. This reduces the size
of the hot `TyKind` type from 32 bytes to 24 bytes on 64-bit platforms.
This reduces peak memory usage by a few percent on some benchmarks. It
also reduces cache misses and page faults similarly, though this doesn't
translate to clear cycles or wall-time improvements on CI.
elaborate unknowable goals
A reimplemented version of #124532 affecting only the new solver. Always trying to prove super traits ends up causing a fatal overflow error in diesel, so we cannot land this in the old solver.
The following test currently does not pass coherence:
```rust
trait Super {}
trait Sub<T>: Super {}
trait Overlap<T> {}
impl<T, U: Sub<T>> Overlap<T> for U {}
impl<T> Overlap<T> for () {}
fn main() {}
```
We check whether `(): Sub<?t>` holds. This stalls with ambiguity as downstream crates may add an impl for `(): Sub<Local>`. However, its super trait bound `(): Super` cannot be implemented downstream, so this one is known not to hold.
By trying to prove that all the super bounds of a trait before adding a coherence unknowable candidate, this compiles. This is necessary to prevent breakage from enabling `-Znext-solver=coherence` (#121848), see tests/ui/coherence/super-traits/super-trait-knowable-2.rs for more details. The idea is that while there may be an impl of the trait itself we don't know about, if we're able to prove that a super trait is definitely not implemented, then that impl would also never apply/not be well-formed.
This approach is different from #124532 as it allows tests/ui/coherence/super-traits/super-trait-knowable-3.rs to compile. The approach in #124532 only elaborating the root obligations while this approach tries it for all unknowable trait goals.
r? `@compiler-errors`
Switch from `derivative` to `derive-where`
This is a part of the effort to get rid of `syn 1.*` in compiler's dependencies: #109302
Derivative has not been maintained in nearly 3 years[^1]. It also depends on `syn 1.*`.
This PR replaces `derivative` with `derive-where`[^2], a not dead alternative, which uses `syn 2.*`.
A couple of `Debug` formats have changed around the skipped fields[^3], but I doubt this is an issue.
[^1]: https://github.com/mcarton/rust-derivative/issues/117
[^2]: https://lib.rs/crates/derive-where
[^3]: See the changes in `tests/ui`
Uplift elaboration into `rustc_type_ir`
Allows us to deduplicate and consolidate elaboration (including these stupid elaboration duplicate fns i added for pretty printing like 3 years ago) so I'm pretty hyped about this change :3
r? lcnr
Add `as_lang_item` to `LanguageItems`, new trait solver
Add `as_lang_item` which turns `DefId` into a `TraitSolverLangItem` in the new trait solver, so we can turn the large chain of if statements in `assemble_builtin_impl_candidates` into a match instead.
r? lcnr
