more cleanups
* use starts_with() instead of chars().next() == Some(x)
* use subsec_micros() instead of subsec_nanos() / 1000
* use for (idx, item) in iter.enumerate() instead of manually counting loop iterations with variables
* use values() or keys() respectively when iterating only over keys or values of maps.
rustc_metadata: Load metadata for indirect macro-only dependencies
Imagine this dependency chain between crates
```
Executable crate -> Library crate -> Macro crate
```
where "Library crate" uses the macros from "Macro crate" for some code generation, but doesn't reexport them any further.
Currently, when compiling "Executable crate" we don't even load metadata for it, because why would we want to load any metadata from "Macro crate" if it already did all its code generation job when compiling "Library crate".
Right?
Wrong!
Hygiene data and spans (https://github.com/rust-lang/rust/issues/68686, https://github.com/rust-lang/rust/pull/68941) from "Macro crate" still may need to be decoded from "Executable crate".
So we'll have to load them properly.
Questions:
- How this will affect compile times for larger crate trees in practice? How to measure it?
Hygiene/span encoding/decoding will necessarily slow down compilation because right now we just don't do some work that we should do, but this introduces a whole new way to slow down things. E.g. loading metadata for `syn` (and its dependencies) when compiling your executable if one of its library dependencies uses it.
- We are currently detecting whether a crate reexports macros from "Macro crate" or not, could we similarly detect whether a crate "reexports spans" and keep it unloaded if it doesn't?
Or at least "reexports important spans" affecting hygiene, we can probably lose spans that only affect diagnostics.
Rename `libsyntax` to `librustc_ast`
This was the last rustc crate that wasn't following the `rustc_*` naming convention.
Follow-up to https://github.com/rust-lang/rust/pull/67763.
resolve: `lifetimes.rs` -> `late/lifetimes.rs`
Lifetime resolution should ideally be merged into the late resolution pass, at least for named lifetimes.
Let's move it closer to it for a start.
parse: fuse associated and extern items up to defaultness
Language changes:
- The grammar of extern `type` aliases is unified with associated ones, and becomes:
```rust
TypeItem = "type" ident generics {":" bounds}? where_clause {"=" type}? ";" ;
```
Semantic restrictions (`ast_validation`) are added to forbid any parameters in `generics`, any bounds in `bounds`, and any predicates in `where_clause`, as well as the presence of a type expression (`= u8`).
(Work still remains to fuse this with free `type` aliases, but this can be done later.)
- The grammar of constants and static items (free, associated, and extern) now permits the absence of an expression, and becomes:
```rust
GlobalItem = {"const" {ident | "_"} | "static" "mut"? ident} {"=" expr}? ";" ;
```
- A semantic restriction is added to enforce the presence of the expression (the body).
- A semantic restriction is added to reject `const _` in associated contexts.
Together, these changes allow us to fuse the grammar of associated items and extern items up to `default`ness which is the main goal of the PR.
-----------------------
We are now very close to fully fusing the entirely of item parsing and their ASTs. To progress further, we must make a decision: should we parse e.g. `default use foo::bar;` and whatnot? Accepting that is likely easiest from a parsing perspective, as it does not require using look-ahead, but it is perhaps not too onerous to only accept it for `fn`s (and all their various qualifiers), `const`s, `static`s, and `type`s.
r? @petrochenkov
Remove unused feature gates
I think many of the remaining unstable things can be easily be replaced with stable things. I have kept the `#![feature(nll)]` even though it is only necessary in `libstd`, to make regressions of it harder.
