When encountering a type mismatch error involving `dyn Trait`, mention
the existence of boxed trait objects if the other type involved
implements `Trait`.
Partially addresses #102629.
Change the implicit `Sized` `Obligation` `Span` for call expressions to
include the whole expression. This aids the existing deduplication
machinery to reduce the number of errors caused by a single unsized
expression.
Silence some follow-up errors [3/x]
this is one piece of the requested cleanups from https://github.com/rust-lang/rust/pull/117449
Keep error types around, even in obligations.
These help silence follow-up errors, as we now figure out that some types (most notably inference variables) are equal to an error type.
But it also allows figuring out more types in the presence of errors, possibly causing more errors.
`-Ztreat-err-as-bug` treats normal errors and delayed bugs equally,
which can lead to some really surprising results.
This commit changes `-Ztreat-err-as-bug` so it ignores delayed bugs,
unless they get promoted to proper bugs and are printed.
This feels to me much simpler and more logical. And it simplifies the
implementation:
- The `-Ztreat-err-as-bug` check is removed from in
`DiagCtxt::{delayed_bug,span_delayed_bug}`.
- `treat_err_as_bug` doesn't need to count delayed bugs.
- The `-Ztreat-err-as-bug` panic message is simpler, because it doesn't
have to mention delayed bugs.
Output of delayed bugs is now more consistent. They're always printed
the same way. Previously when they triggered `-Ztreat-err-as-bug` they
would be printed slightly differently, via `span_bug` in
`span_delayed_bug` or `delayed_bug`.
A minor behaviour change: the "no errors encountered even though
`span_delayed_bug` issued" printed before delayed bugs is now a note
rather than a bug. This is done so it doesn't get counted as an error
that might trigger `-Ztreat-err-as-bug`, which would be silly.
This means that if you use `-Ztreat-err-as-bug=1` and there are no
normal errors but there are delayed bugs, the first delayed bug will be
shown (and the panic will happen after it's printed).
Also, I have added a second note saying "those delayed bugs will now be
shown as internal compiler errors". I think this makes it clearer what
is happening, because the whole concept of delayed bugs is non-obvious.
There are some test changes.
- equality-in-canonical-query.rs: Minor output changes, and the error
count reduces by one because the "no errors encountered even though
`span_delayed_bug` issued" message is no longer counted as an error.
- rpit_tait_equality_in_canonical_query.rs: Ditto.
- storage-live.rs: The query stack disappears because these delayed bugs
are now printed at the end, rather than when they are created.
- storage-return.rs, span_delayed_bug.rs: now need
`-Zeagerly-emit-delayed-bugs` because they need the delayed bugs
emitted immediately to preserve behaviour.
Remove special-casing around `AliasKind::Opaque` when structurally resolving in new solver
This fixes a few inconsistencies around where we don't eagerly resolve opaques to their (locally-defined) hidden types in the new solver. It essentially allows this code to work:
```rust
fn main() {
type Tait = impl Sized;
struct S {
i: i32,
}
let x: Tait = S { i: 0 };
println!("{}", x.i);
}
```
Since `Tait` is defined in `main`, we are able to poke through the type of `x` with deref.
r? lcnr
Errors in `DiagCtxtInner::emit_diagnostic` are never set to
`Level::Bug`, because the condition never succeeds, because
`self.treat_err_as_bug()` is called *before* the error counts are
incremented.
This commit switches to `self.treat_next_err_as_bug()`, fixing the
problem. This changes the error message output to actually say "internal
compiler error".
Add regression test for #106630
This PR adds a regression test for #106630. I was unsure where exactly to place the test or how to test it locally so please let me know if I should change something.
On borrow return type, suggest borrowing from arg or owned return type
When we encounter a function with a return type that has an anonymous lifetime with no argument to borrow from, besides suggesting the `'static` lifetime we now also suggest changing the arguments to be borrows or changing the return type to be an owned type.
```
error[E0106]: missing lifetime specifier
--> $DIR/variadic-ffi-6.rs:7:6
|
LL | ) -> &usize {
| ^ expected named lifetime parameter
|
= help: this function's return type contains a borrowed value, but there is no value for it to be borrowed from
help: consider using the `'static` lifetime, but this is uncommon unless you're returning a borrowed value from a `const` or a `static`
|
LL | ) -> &'static usize {
| +++++++
help: instead, you are more likely to want to change one of the arguments to be borrowed...
|
LL | x: &usize,
| +
help: ...or alternatively, to want to return an owned value
|
LL - ) -> &usize {
LL + ) -> usize {
|
```
Fix#85843.
When we encounter a function with a return type that has an anonymous
lifetime with no argument to borrow from, besides suggesting the
`'static` lifetime we now also suggest changing the arguments to be
borrows or changing the return type to be an owned type.
```
error[E0106]: missing lifetime specifier
--> $DIR/variadic-ffi-6.rs:7:6
|
LL | ) -> &usize {
| ^ expected named lifetime parameter
|
= help: this function's return type contains a borrowed value, but there is no value for it to be borrowed from
help: consider using the `'static` lifetime, but this is uncommon unless you're returning a borrowed value from a `const` or a `static`
|
LL | ) -> &'static usize {
| +++++++
help: instead, you are more likely to want to change one of the arguments to be borrowed...
|
LL | x: &usize,
| +
help: ...or alternatively, to want to return an owned value
|
LL - ) -> &usize {
LL + ) -> usize {
|
```
Fix#85843.
new solver normalization improvements
cool beans
At the core of this PR is a `try_normalize_ty` which stops for rigid aliases by using `commit_if_ok`.
Reworks alias-relate to fully normalize both the lhs and rhs and then equate the resulting rigid (or inference) types. This fixes https://github.com/rust-lang/trait-system-refactor-initiative/issues/68 by avoiding the exponential blowup. Also supersedes #116369 by only defining opaque types if the hidden type is rigid.
I removed the stability check in `EvalCtxt::evaluate_goal` due to https://github.com/rust-lang/trait-system-refactor-initiative/issues/75. While I personally have opinions on how to fix it, that still requires further t-types/`@nikomatsakis` buy-in, so I removed that for now. Once we've decided on our approach there, we can revert this commit.
r? `@compiler-errors`
Fix depth check in ProofTreeVisitor.
The hack to cutoff overflows and cycles in the new trait solver was incorrect. We want to inspect everything with depth [0..10].
This fix exposed a previously unseen bug, which caused the compiler to ICE when invoking `trait_ref` on a non-assoc type projection. I simply added the guard in the `AmbiguityCausesVisitor`, and updated the expected output for the `auto-trait-coherence` test which now includes the extra note:
```text
|
= note: upstream crates may add a new impl of trait `std::marker::Send` for type `OpaqueType` in future versions
```
r? `@lcnr`
When we encounter a `dyn Trait` that isn't object safe, look for its
implementors. If there's one, mention using it directly If there are
less than 9, mention the possibility of creating a new enum and using
that instead.
Account for object unsafe `impl Trait on dyn Trait {}`. Make a
distinction between public and sealed traits.
Fix#80194.
Consider alias bounds when computing liveness in NLL (but this time sound hopefully)
This is a revival of #116040, except removing the changes to opaque lifetime captures check to make sure that we're not triggering any unsoundness due to the lack of general existential regions and the currently-existing `ReErased` hack we use instead.
r? `@aliemjay` -- I appreciate you pointing out the unsoundenss in the previous iteration of this PR, and I'd like to hear that you're happy with this iteration of this PR before this goes back into FCP :>
Fixes#116794 as well
---
(mostly copied from #116040 and reworked slightly)
# Background
Right now, liveness analysis in NLL is a bit simplistic. It simply walks through all of the regions of a type and marks them as being live at points. This is problematic in the case of aliases, since it requires that we mark **all** of the regions in their args[^1] as live, leading to bugs like #42940.
In reality, we may be able to deduce that fewer regions are allowed to be present in the projected type (or "hidden type" for opaques) via item bounds or where clauses, and therefore ideally, we should be able to soundly require fewer regions to be live in the alias.
For example:
```rust
trait Captures<'a> {}
impl<T> Captures<'_> for T {}
fn capture<'o>(_: &'o mut ()) -> impl Sized + Captures<'o> + 'static {}
fn test_two_mut(mut x: ()) {
let _f1 = capture(&mut x);
let _f2 = capture(&mut x);
//~^ ERROR cannot borrow `x` as mutable more than once at a time
}
```
In the example above, we should be able to deduce from the `'static` bound on `capture`'s opaque that even though `'o` is a captured region, it *can never* show up in the opaque's hidden type, and can soundly be ignored for liveness purposes.
# The Fix
We apply a simple version of RFC 1214's `OutlivesProjectionEnv` and `OutlivesProjectionTraitDef` rules to NLL's `make_all_regions_live` computation.
Specifically, when we encounter an alias type, we:
1. Look for a unique outlives bound in the param-env or item bounds for that alias. If there is more than one unique region, bail, unless any of the outlives bound's regions is `'static`, and in that case, prefer `'static`. If we find such a unique region, we can mark that outlives region as live and skip walking through the args of the opaque.
2. Otherwise, walk through the alias's args recursively, as we do today.
## Limitation: Multiple choices
This approach has some limitations. Firstly, since liveness doesn't use the same type-test logic as outlives bounds do, we can't really try several options when we're faced with a choice.
If we encounter two unique outlives regions in the param-env or bounds, we simply fall back to walking the opaque via its args. I expect this to be mostly mitigated by the special treatment of `'static`, and can be fixed in a forwards-compatible by a more sophisticated analysis in the future.
## Limitation: Opaque hidden types
Secondly, we do not employ any of these rules when considering whether the regions captured by a hidden type are valid. That causes this code (cc #42940) to fail:
```rust
trait Captures<'a> {}
impl<T> Captures<'_> for T {}
fn a() -> impl Sized + 'static {
b(&vec![])
}
fn b<'o>(_: &'o Vec<i32>) -> impl Sized + Captures<'o> + 'static {}
```
We need to have existential regions to avoid [unsoundness](https://github.com/rust-lang/rust/pull/116040#issuecomment-1751628189) when an opaque captures a region which is not represented in its own substs but which outlives a region that does.
## Read more
Context: https://github.com/rust-lang/rust/pull/115822#issuecomment-1731153952 (for the liveness case)
More context: https://github.com/rust-lang/rust/issues/42940#issuecomment-455198309 (for the opaque capture case, which this does not fix)
[^1]: except for bivariant region args in opaques, which will become less relevant when we move onto edition 2024 capture semantics for opaques.
Stash and cancel cycle errors for auto trait leakage in opaques
We don't need to emit a traditional cycle error when we have a selection error that explains what's going on but in more detail.
We may want to augment this error to actually point out the cycle, now that the cycle error is not being emitted. We could do that by storing the set of opaques that was in the `CyclePlaceholder` that gets returned from `type_of_opaque`.
r? `@oli-obk` cc `@estebank` #117235
Rework negative coherence to properly consider impls that only partly overlap
This PR implements a modified negative coherence that handles impls that only have partial overlap.
It does this by:
1. taking both impl trait refs, instantiating them with infer vars
2. equating both trait refs
3. taking the equated trait ref (which represents the two impls' intersection), and resolving any vars
4. plugging all remaining infer vars with placeholder types
these placeholder-plugged trait refs can then be used normally with the new trait solver, since we no longer have to worry about the issue with infer vars in param-envs.
We use the **new trait solver** to reason correctly about unnormalized trait refs (due to deferred projection equality), since this avoid having to normalize anything under param-envs with infer vars in them.
This PR then additionally:
* removes the `FnPtr` knowable hack by implementing proper negative `FnPtr` trait bounds for rigid types.
---
An example:
Consider these two partially overlapping impls:
```
impl<T, U> PartialEq<&U> for &T where T: PartialEq<U> {}
impl<F> PartialEq<F> for F where F: FnPtr {}
```
Under the old algorithm, we would take one of these impls and replace it with infer vars, then try unifying it with the other impl under identity substitutions. This is not possible in either direction, since it either sets `T = U`, or tries to equate `F = &?0`.
Under the new algorithm, we try to unify `?0: PartialEq<?0>` with `&?1: PartialEq<&?2>`. This gives us `?0 = &?1 = &?2` and thus `?1 = ?2`. The intersection of these two trait refs therefore looks like: `&?1: PartialEq<&?1>`. After plugging this with placeholders, we get a trait ref that looks like `&!0: PartialEq<&!0>`, with the first impl having substs `?T = ?U = !0` and the second having substs `?F = &!0`[^1].
Then we can take the param-env from the first impl, and try to prove the negated where clause of the second.
We know that `&!0: !FnPtr` never holds, since it's a rigid type that is also not a fn ptr, we successfully detect that these impls may never overlap.
[^1]: For the purposes of this example, I just ignored lifetimes, since it doesn't really matter.
Fix implied outlives check for GAT in RPITIT
We enforce certain `Self: 'lt` bounds for GATs to save space for more sophisticated implied bounds, but those currently operate on the HIR. Code was easily reworked to operate on def-ids so that we can properly let these suggestions propagate through synthetic associated types like RPITITs and AFITs.
r? `@jackh726` or `@aliemjay`
Fixes#116789
Relate alias ty with variance
In the new solver, turns out that the subst-relate branch of the alias-relate predicate was relating args invariantly even for opaques, which have variance 💀.
This change is a bit more invasive, but I'd rather not special-case it [here](aeaa5c30e5/compiler/rustc_trait_selection/src/solve/alias_relate.rs (L171-L190)) and then have it break elsewhere. I'm doing a perf run to see if the extra call to `def_kind` is that expensive, if it is, I'll reconsider.
r? ``@lcnr``
Show more information when multiple `impl`s apply
- When there are `impl`s without type params, show only those (to avoid showing overly generic `impl`s).
```
error[E0283]: type annotations needed
--> $DIR/multiple-impl-apply.rs:34:9
|
LL | let y = x.into();
| ^ ---- type must be known at this point
|
note: multiple `impl`s satisfying `_: From<Baz>` found
--> $DIR/multiple-impl-apply.rs:14:1
|
LL | impl From<Baz> for Bar {
| ^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
...
LL | impl From<Baz> for Foo {
| ^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
= note: required for `Baz` to implement `Into<_>`
help: consider giving `y` an explicit type
|
LL | let y: /* Type */ = x.into();
| ++++++++++++
```
- Lower the importance of `T: Sized`, `T: WellFormed` and coercion errors, to prioritize more relevant errors. The pre-existing deduplication logic deals with hiding redundant errors better that way, and we show errors with more metadata that is useful to the user.
- Show `<SelfTy as Trait>::assoc_fn` suggestion in more cases.
```
error[E0790]: cannot call associated function on trait without specifying the corresponding `impl` type
--> $DIR/cross-return-site-inference.rs:38:16
|
LL | return Err(From::from("foo"));
| ^^^^^^^^^^ cannot call associated function of trait
|
help: use a fully-qualified path to a specific available implementation
|
LL | return Err(</* self type */ as From>::from("foo"));
| +++++++++++++++++++ +
```
Fix#88284.
Add a note to duplicate diagnostics
Helps explain why there may be a difference between manual testing and the test suite output and highlights them as something to potentially look into
For existing duplicate diagnostics I just blessed them other than a few files that had other `NOTE` annotations in
More accurately point to where default return type should go
When getting the "default return type" span, instead of pointing to the low span of the next token, point to the high span of the previous token. This:
1. Makes forming return type suggestions more uniform, since we expect them all in the same place.
2. Arguably makes labels easier to understand, since we're pointing to where the implicit `-> ()` would've gone, rather than the starting brace or the semicolon.
r? ```@estebank```
In `report_fullfillment_errors` push back `T: Sized`, `T: WellFormed`
and coercion errors to the end of the list. The pre-existing
deduplication logic eliminates redundant errors better that way, keeping
the resulting output with fewer errors than before, while also having
more detail.
Stabilize `impl_trait_projections`
Closes#115659
## TL;DR:
This allows us to mention `Self` and `T::Assoc` in async fn and return-position `impl Trait`, as you would expect you'd be able to.
Some examples:
```rust
#![feature(return_position_impl_trait_in_trait, async_fn_in_trait)]
// (just needed for final tests below)
// ---------------------------------------- //
struct Wrapper<'a, T>(&'a T);
impl Wrapper<'_, ()> {
async fn async_fn() -> Self {
//^ Previously rejected because it returns `-> Self`, not `-> Wrapper<'_, ()>`.
Wrapper(&())
}
fn impl_trait() -> impl Iterator<Item = Self> {
//^ Previously rejected because it mentions `Self`, not `Wrapper<'_, ()>`.
std::iter::once(Wrapper(&()))
}
}
// ---------------------------------------- //
trait Trait<'a> {
type Assoc;
fn new() -> Self::Assoc;
}
impl Trait<'_> for () {
type Assoc = ();
fn new() {}
}
impl<'a, T: Trait<'a>> Wrapper<'a, T> {
async fn mk_assoc() -> T::Assoc {
//^ Previously rejected because `T::Assoc` doesn't mention `'a` in the HIR,
// but ends up resolving to `<T as Trait<'a>>::Assoc`, which does rely on `'a`.
// That's the important part -- the elided trait.
T::new()
}
fn a_few_assocs() -> impl Iterator<Item = T::Assoc> {
//^ Previously rejected for the same reason
[T::new(), T::new(), T::new()].into_iter()
}
}
// ---------------------------------------- //
trait InTrait {
async fn async_fn() -> Self;
fn impl_trait() -> impl Iterator<Item = Self>;
}
impl InTrait for &() {
async fn async_fn() -> Self { &() }
//^ Previously rejected just like inherent impls
fn impl_trait() -> impl Iterator<Item = Self> {
//^ Previously rejected just like inherent impls
[&()].into_iter()
}
}
```
## Technical:
Lifetimes in return-position `impl Trait` (and `async fn`) are duplicated as early-bound generics local to the opaque in order to make sure we are able to substitute any late-bound lifetimes from the function in the opaque's hidden type. (The [dev guide](https://rustc-dev-guide.rust-lang.org/return-position-impl-trait-in-trait.html#aside-opaque-lifetime-duplication) has a small section about why this is necessary -- this was written for RPITITs, but it applies to all RPITs)
Prior to #103491, all of the early-bound lifetimes not local to the opaque were replaced with `'static` to avoid issues where relating opaques caused their *non-captured* lifetimes to be related. This `'static` replacement led to strange and possibly unsound behaviors (https://github.com/rust-lang/rust/issues/61949#issuecomment-508836314) (https://github.com/rust-lang/rust/issues/53613) when referencing the `Self` type alias in an impl or indirectly referencing a lifetime parameter via a projection type (via a `T::Assoc` projection without an explicit trait), since lifetime resolution is performed on the HIR, when neither `T::Assoc`-style projections or `Self` in impls are expanded.
Therefore an error was implemented in #62849 to deny this subtle behavior as a known limitation of the compiler. It was attempted by `@cjgillot` to fix this in #91403, which was subsequently unlanded. Then it was re-attempted to much success (🎉) in #103491, which is where we currently are in the compiler.
The PR above (#103491) fixed this issue technically by *not* replacing the opaque's parent lifetimes with `'static`, but instead using variance to properly track which lifetimes are captured and are not. The PR gated any of the "side-effects" of the PR behind a feature gate (`impl_trait_projections`) presumably to avoid having to involve T-lang or T-types in the PR as well. `@cjgillot` can clarify this if I'm misunderstanding what their intention was with the feature gate.
Since we're not replacing (possibly *invariant*!) lifetimes with `'static` anymore, there are no more soundness concerns here. Therefore, this PR removes the feature gate.
Tests:
* `tests/ui/async-await/feature-self-return-type.rs`
* `tests/ui/impl-trait/feature-self-return-type.rs`
* `tests/ui/async-await/issues/issue-78600.rs`
* `tests/ui/impl-trait/capture-lifetime-not-in-hir.rs`
---
r? cjgillot on the impl (not much, just removing the feature gate)
I'm gonna mark this as FCP for T-lang and T-types.
Anonymize binders for `refining_impl_trait` check
We're naively using the equality impl for `ty::Clause` in the refinement check, which is okay *except* for binders, which carry some information about where they come from in the AST. Those locations are not gonna be equal between traits and impls, so anonymize those clauses so that this doesn't matter.
Fixes#116135
Only prevent field projections into opaque types, not types containing opaque types
fixes https://github.com/rust-lang/rust/issues/115778
I did not think that original condition through properly... I'll also need to check the similar check around the other `ProjectionKind::OpaqueCast` creation site (this one is in hir, the other one is in mir), but I'll do that change in another PR that doesn't go into a beta backport.
