alignment of `byval` on x86 in the process.
Commit 88e4d2c291 from five years ago removed
support for alignment on indirectly-passed arguments because of problems with
the `i686-pc-windows-msvc` target. Unfortunately, the `memcpy` optimizations I
recently added to LLVM 16 depend on this to forward `memcpy`s. This commit
attempts to fix the problems with `byval` parameters on that target and now
correctly adds the `align` attribute.
The problem is summarized in [this comment] by @eddyb. Briefly, 32-bit x86 has
special alignment rules for `byval` parameters: for the most part, their
alignment is forced to 4. This is not well-documented anywhere but in the Clang
source. I looked at the logic in Clang `TargetInfo.cpp` and tried to replicate
it here. The relevant methods in that file are
`X86_32ABIInfo::getIndirectResult()` and
`X86_32ABIInfo::getTypeStackAlignInBytes()`. The `align` parameter attribute
for `byval` parameters in LLVM must match the platform ABI, or miscompilations
will occur. Note that this doesn't use the approach suggested by eddyb, because
I felt it was overkill to store the alignment in `on_stack` when special
handling is really only needed for 32-bit x86.
As a side effect, this should fix#80127, because it will make the `align`
parameter attribute for `byval` parameters match the platform ABI on LLVM
x86-64.
[this comment]: https://github.com/rust-lang/rust/pull/80822#issuecomment-829985417
Previously, it was only put on scalars with range validity invariants
like bool, was uninit was obviously invalid for those.
Since then, we have normatively declared all uninit primitives to be
undefined behavior and can therefore put `noundef` on them.
The remaining concern was the `mem::uninitialized` function, which cause
quite a lot of UB in the older parts of the ecosystem. This function now
doesn't return uninit values anymore, making users of it safe from this
change.
The only real sources of UB where people could encounter uninit
primitives are `MaybeUninit::uninit().assume_init()`, which has always
be clear in the docs about being UB and from heap allocations (like
reading from the spare capacity of a vec. This is hopefully rare enough
to not break anything.
