Rollup merge of #111252 - matthewjasper:min-spec-improvements, r=compiler-errors

Min specialization improvements

- Don't allow specialization impls with no items, such implementations are probably not correct and only occur as mistakes in the compiler and standard library
- Fix a missing normalization call
- Adds spans for lifetime errors from overly general specializations

Closes #79457
Closes #109815

compiler/rustc_data_structures/src/owned_slice.rs

@@ -109,9 +109,11 @@ impl Borrow<[u8]> for OwnedSlice {
 }
 
 // Safety: `OwnedSlice` is conceptually `(&'self.1 [u8], Box<dyn Send + Sync>)`, which is `Send`
+#[cfg(parallel_compiler)]
 unsafe impl Send for OwnedSlice {}
 
 // Safety: `OwnedSlice` is conceptually `(&'self.1 [u8], Box<dyn Send + Sync>)`, which is `Sync`
+#[cfg(parallel_compiler)]
 unsafe impl Sync for OwnedSlice {}
 
 #[cfg(test)]

compiler/rustc_hir_analysis/messages.ftl

@@ -279,6 +279,9 @@ hir_analysis_specialization_trait = implementing `rustc_specialization_trait` tr
 hir_analysis_closure_implicit_hrtb = implicit types in closure signatures are forbidden when `for<...>` is present
     .label = `for<...>` is here
 
+hir_analysis_empty_specialization = specialization impl does not specialize any associated items
+    .note = impl is a specialization of this impl
+
 hir_analysis_const_specialize = cannot specialize on const impl with non-const impl
 
 hir_analysis_static_specialize = cannot specialize on `'static` lifetime

compiler/rustc_hir_analysis/src/errors.rs

@@ -814,6 +814,15 @@ pub(crate) struct ClosureImplicitHrtb {
     pub for_sp: Span,
 }
 
+#[derive(Diagnostic)]
+#[diag(hir_analysis_empty_specialization)]
+pub(crate) struct EmptySpecialization {
+    #[primary_span]
+    pub span: Span,
+    #[note]
+    pub base_impl_span: Span,
+}
+
 #[derive(Diagnostic)]
 #[diag(hir_analysis_const_specialize)]
 pub(crate) struct ConstSpecialize {

compiler/rustc_hir_analysis/src/impl_wf_check/min_specialization.rs

@@ -80,7 +80,7 @@ use rustc_middle::ty::{self, TyCtxt, TypeVisitableExt};
 use rustc_span::Span;
 use rustc_trait_selection::traits::error_reporting::TypeErrCtxtExt;
 use rustc_trait_selection::traits::outlives_bounds::InferCtxtExt as _;
-use rustc_trait_selection::traits::{self, translate_substs, wf, ObligationCtxt};
+use rustc_trait_selection::traits::{self, translate_substs_with_cause, wf, ObligationCtxt};
 
 pub(super) fn check_min_specialization(tcx: TyCtxt<'_>, impl_def_id: LocalDefId) {
     if let Some(node) = parent_specialization_node(tcx, impl_def_id) {
@@ -100,12 +100,19 @@ fn parent_specialization_node(tcx: TyCtxt<'_>, impl1_def_id: LocalDefId) -> Opti
         // Implementing a normal trait isn't a specialization.
         return None;
     }
+    if trait_def.is_marker {
+        // Overlapping marker implementations are not really specializations.
+        return None;
+    }
     Some(impl2_node)
 }
 
 /// Check that `impl1` is a sound specialization
 #[instrument(level = "debug", skip(tcx))]
 fn check_always_applicable(tcx: TyCtxt<'_>, impl1_def_id: LocalDefId, impl2_node: Node) {
+    let span = tcx.def_span(impl1_def_id);
+    check_has_items(tcx, impl1_def_id, impl2_node, span);
+
     if let Some((impl1_substs, impl2_substs)) = get_impl_substs(tcx, impl1_def_id, impl2_node) {
         let impl2_def_id = impl2_node.def_id();
         debug!(?impl2_def_id, ?impl2_substs);
@@ -116,7 +123,6 @@ fn check_always_applicable(tcx: TyCtxt<'_>, impl1_def_id: LocalDefId, impl2_node
             unconstrained_parent_impl_substs(tcx, impl2_def_id, impl2_substs)
         };
 
-        let span = tcx.def_span(impl1_def_id);
         check_constness(tcx, impl1_def_id, impl2_node, span);
         check_static_lifetimes(tcx, &parent_substs, span);
         check_duplicate_params(tcx, impl1_substs, &parent_substs, span);
@@ -124,6 +130,13 @@ fn check_always_applicable(tcx: TyCtxt<'_>, impl1_def_id: LocalDefId, impl2_node
     }
 }
 
+fn check_has_items(tcx: TyCtxt<'_>, impl1_def_id: LocalDefId, impl2_node: Node, span: Span) {
+    if let Node::Impl(impl2_id) = impl2_node && tcx.associated_item_def_ids(impl1_def_id).is_empty() {
+        let base_impl_span = tcx.def_span(impl2_id);
+        tcx.sess.emit_err(errors::EmptySpecialization { span, base_impl_span });
+    }
+}
+
 /// Check that the specializing impl `impl1` is at least as const as the base
 /// impl `impl2`
 fn check_constness(tcx: TyCtxt<'_>, impl1_def_id: LocalDefId, impl2_node: Node, span: Span) {
@@ -167,8 +180,21 @@ fn get_impl_substs(
         ocx.assumed_wf_types(param_env, tcx.def_span(impl1_def_id), impl1_def_id);
 
     let impl1_substs = InternalSubsts::identity_for_item(tcx, impl1_def_id);
-    let impl2_substs =
-        translate_substs(infcx, param_env, impl1_def_id.to_def_id(), impl1_substs, impl2_node);
+    let impl1_span = tcx.def_span(impl1_def_id);
+    let impl2_substs = translate_substs_with_cause(
+        infcx,
+        param_env,
+        impl1_def_id.to_def_id(),
+        impl1_substs,
+        impl2_node,
+        |_, span| {
+            traits::ObligationCause::new(
+                impl1_span,
+                impl1_def_id,
+                traits::ObligationCauseCode::BindingObligation(impl2_node.def_id(), span),
+            )
+        },
+    );
 
     let errors = ocx.select_all_or_error();
     if !errors.is_empty() {

compiler/rustc_middle/src/mir/mod.rs

@@ -2728,8 +2728,6 @@ pub struct UserTypeProjection {
     pub projs: Vec<ProjectionKind>,
 }
 
-impl Copy for ProjectionKind {}
-
 impl UserTypeProjection {
     pub(crate) fn index(mut self) -> Self {
         self.projs.push(ProjectionElem::Index(()));

compiler/rustc_trait_selection/src/traits/coherence.rs

@@ -322,7 +322,9 @@ fn negative_impl(tcx: TyCtxt<'_>, impl1_def_id: DefId, impl2_def_id: DefId) -> b
     let selcx = &mut SelectionContext::new(&infcx);
     let impl2_substs = infcx.fresh_substs_for_item(DUMMY_SP, impl2_def_id);
     let (subject2, obligations) =
-        impl_subject_and_oblig(selcx, impl_env, impl2_def_id, impl2_substs);
+        impl_subject_and_oblig(selcx, impl_env, impl2_def_id, impl2_substs, |_, _| {
+            ObligationCause::dummy()
+        });
 
     !equate(&infcx, impl_env, subject1, subject2, obligations, impl1_def_id)
 }

compiler/rustc_trait_selection/src/traits/mod.rs

@@ -55,7 +55,9 @@ pub use self::select::{EvaluationCache, SelectionCache, SelectionContext};
 pub use self::select::{EvaluationResult, IntercrateAmbiguityCause, OverflowError};
 pub use self::specialize::specialization_graph::FutureCompatOverlapError;
 pub use self::specialize::specialization_graph::FutureCompatOverlapErrorKind;
-pub use self::specialize::{specialization_graph, translate_substs, OverlapError};
+pub use self::specialize::{
+    specialization_graph, translate_substs, translate_substs_with_cause, OverlapError,
+};
 pub use self::structural_match::{
     search_for_adt_const_param_violation, search_for_structural_match_violation,
 };

compiler/rustc_trait_selection/src/traits/specialize/mod.rs

@@ -82,6 +82,30 @@ pub fn translate_substs<'tcx>(
     source_impl: DefId,
     source_substs: SubstsRef<'tcx>,
     target_node: specialization_graph::Node,
+) -> SubstsRef<'tcx> {
+    translate_substs_with_cause(
+        infcx,
+        param_env,
+        source_impl,
+        source_substs,
+        target_node,
+        |_, _| ObligationCause::dummy(),
+    )
+}
+
+/// Like [translate_substs], but obligations from the parent implementation
+/// are registered with the provided `ObligationCause`.
+///
+/// This is for reporting *region* errors from those bounds. Type errors should
+/// not happen because the specialization graph already checks for those, and
+/// will result in an ICE.
+pub fn translate_substs_with_cause<'tcx>(
+    infcx: &InferCtxt<'tcx>,
+    param_env: ty::ParamEnv<'tcx>,
+    source_impl: DefId,
+    source_substs: SubstsRef<'tcx>,
+    target_node: specialization_graph::Node,
+    cause: impl Fn(usize, Span) -> ObligationCause<'tcx>,
 ) -> SubstsRef<'tcx> {
     debug!(
         "translate_substs({:?}, {:?}, {:?}, {:?})",
@@ -99,14 +123,13 @@ pub fn translate_substs<'tcx>(
                 return source_substs;
             }
 
-            fulfill_implication(infcx, param_env, source_trait_ref, target_impl).unwrap_or_else(
-                |()| {
+            fulfill_implication(infcx, param_env, source_trait_ref, source_impl, target_impl, cause)
+                .unwrap_or_else(|()| {
                     bug!(
                         "When translating substitutions from {source_impl:?} to {target_impl:?}, \
                         the expected specialization failed to hold"
                     )
-                },
-            )
+                })
         }
         specialization_graph::Node::Trait(..) => source_trait_ref.substs,
     };
@@ -153,20 +176,12 @@ pub(super) fn specializes(tcx: TyCtxt<'_>, (impl1_def_id, impl2_def_id): (DefId,
 
     // Create an infcx, taking the predicates of impl1 as assumptions:
     let infcx = tcx.infer_ctxt().build();
-    let impl1_trait_ref =
-        match traits::fully_normalize(&infcx, ObligationCause::dummy(), penv, impl1_trait_ref) {
-            Ok(impl1_trait_ref) => impl1_trait_ref,
-            Err(_errors) => {
-                tcx.sess.delay_span_bug(
-                    tcx.def_span(impl1_def_id),
-                    format!("failed to fully normalize {impl1_trait_ref}"),
-                );
-                impl1_trait_ref
-            }
-        };
 
     // Attempt to prove that impl2 applies, given all of the above.
-    fulfill_implication(&infcx, penv, impl1_trait_ref, impl2_def_id).is_ok()
+    fulfill_implication(&infcx, penv, impl1_trait_ref, impl1_def_id, impl2_def_id, |_, _| {
+        ObligationCause::dummy()
+    })
+    .is_ok()
 }
 
 /// Attempt to fulfill all obligations of `target_impl` after unification with
@@ -178,23 +193,41 @@ fn fulfill_implication<'tcx>(
     infcx: &InferCtxt<'tcx>,
     param_env: ty::ParamEnv<'tcx>,
     source_trait_ref: ty::TraitRef<'tcx>,
+    source_impl: DefId,
     target_impl: DefId,
+    error_cause: impl Fn(usize, Span) -> ObligationCause<'tcx>,
 ) -> Result<SubstsRef<'tcx>, ()> {
     debug!(
         "fulfill_implication({:?}, trait_ref={:?} |- {:?} applies)",
         param_env, source_trait_ref, target_impl
     );
 
+    let source_trait_ref = match traits::fully_normalize(
+        &infcx,
+        ObligationCause::dummy(),
+        param_env,
+        source_trait_ref,
+    ) {
+        Ok(source_trait_ref) => source_trait_ref,
+        Err(_errors) => {
+            infcx.tcx.sess.delay_span_bug(
+                infcx.tcx.def_span(source_impl),
+                format!("failed to fully normalize {source_trait_ref}"),
+            );
+            source_trait_ref
+        }
+    };
+
     let source_trait = ImplSubject::Trait(source_trait_ref);
 
     let selcx = &mut SelectionContext::new(&infcx);
     let target_substs = infcx.fresh_substs_for_item(DUMMY_SP, target_impl);
     let (target_trait, obligations) =
-        util::impl_subject_and_oblig(selcx, param_env, target_impl, target_substs);
+        util::impl_subject_and_oblig(selcx, param_env, target_impl, target_substs, error_cause);
 
     // do the impls unify? If not, no specialization.
     let Ok(InferOk { obligations: more_obligations, .. }) =
-        infcx.at(&ObligationCause::dummy(), param_env, ).eq(DefineOpaqueTypes::No,source_trait, target_trait)
+        infcx.at(&ObligationCause::dummy(), param_env).eq(DefineOpaqueTypes::No, source_trait, target_trait)
     else {
         debug!(
             "fulfill_implication: {:?} does not unify with {:?}",

compiler/rustc_trait_selection/src/traits/util.rs

@@ -197,6 +197,7 @@ pub fn impl_subject_and_oblig<'a, 'tcx>(
     param_env: ty::ParamEnv<'tcx>,
     impl_def_id: DefId,
     impl_substs: SubstsRef<'tcx>,
+    cause: impl Fn(usize, Span) -> ObligationCause<'tcx>,
 ) -> (ImplSubject<'tcx>, impl Iterator<Item = PredicateObligation<'tcx>>) {
     let subject = selcx.tcx().impl_subject(impl_def_id);
     let subject = subject.subst(selcx.tcx(), impl_substs);
@@ -208,8 +209,7 @@ pub fn impl_subject_and_oblig<'a, 'tcx>(
     let predicates = predicates.instantiate(selcx.tcx(), impl_substs);
     let InferOk { value: predicates, obligations: normalization_obligations2 } =
         selcx.infcx.at(&ObligationCause::dummy(), param_env).normalize(predicates);
-    let impl_obligations =
-        super::predicates_for_generics(|_, _| ObligationCause::dummy(), param_env, predicates);
+    let impl_obligations = super::predicates_for_generics(cause, param_env, predicates);
 
     let impl_obligations = impl_obligations
         .chain(normalization_obligations1.into_iter())

tests/ui/rfc-2632-const-trait-impl/specialization/const-default-bound-non-const-specialized-bound.rs

@@ -12,7 +12,9 @@ trait Specialize {}
 trait Foo {}
 
 #[const_trait]
-trait Bar {}
+trait Bar {
+    fn bar();
+}
 
 // bgr360: I was only able to exercise the code path that raises the
 // "missing ~const qualifier" error by making this base impl non-const, even
@@ -21,26 +23,36 @@ trait Bar {}
 impl<T> Bar for T
 where
     T: ~const Foo,
-{}
+{
+    default fn bar() {}
+}
 
 impl<T> Bar for T
 where
     T: Foo, //~ ERROR missing `~const` qualifier
     T: Specialize,
-{}
+{
+    fn bar() {}
+}
 
 #[const_trait]
-trait Baz {}
+trait Baz {
+    fn baz();
+}
 
 impl<T> const Baz for T
 where
     T: ~const Foo,
-{}
+{
+    default fn baz() {}
+}
 
 impl<T> const Baz for T //~ ERROR conflicting implementations of trait `Baz`
 where
     T: Foo,
     T: Specialize,
-{}
+{
+    fn baz() {}
+}
 
 fn main() {}

tests/ui/rfc-2632-const-trait-impl/specialization/const-default-bound-non-const-specialized-bound.stderr

@@ -1,11 +1,11 @@
 error: missing `~const` qualifier for specialization
-  --> $DIR/const-default-bound-non-const-specialized-bound.rs:28:8
+  --> $DIR/const-default-bound-non-const-specialized-bound.rs:32:8
    |
 LL |     T: Foo,
    |        ^^^
 
 error[E0119]: conflicting implementations of trait `Baz`
-  --> $DIR/const-default-bound-non-const-specialized-bound.rs:40:1
+  --> $DIR/const-default-bound-non-const-specialized-bound.rs:50:1
    |
 LL | impl<T> const Baz for T
    | ----------------------- first implementation here

tests/ui/rfc-2632-const-trait-impl/specialization/issue-95186-specialize-on-tilde-const.rs

@@ -11,27 +11,39 @@
 trait Specialize {}
 
 #[const_trait]
-trait Foo {}
+trait Foo {
+    fn foo();
+}
 
-impl<T> const Foo for T {}
+impl<T> const Foo for T {
+    default fn foo() {}
+}
 
 impl<T> const Foo for T
 where
     T: ~const Specialize,
-{}
+{
+    fn foo() {}
+}
 
 #[const_trait]
-trait Bar {}
+trait Bar {
+    fn bar() {}
+}
 
 impl<T> const Bar for T
 where
     T: ~const Foo,
-{}
+{
+    default fn bar() {}
+}
 
 impl<T> const Bar for T
 where
     T: ~const Foo,
     T: ~const Specialize,
-{}
+{
+    fn bar() {}
+}
 
 fn main() {}

tests/ui/rfc-2632-const-trait-impl/specialization/issue-95187-same-trait-bound-different-constness.rs

@@ -15,31 +15,43 @@ trait Specialize {}
 trait Foo {}
 
 #[const_trait]
-trait Bar {}
+trait Bar {
+    fn bar();
+}
 
 impl<T> Bar for T
 where
     T: Foo,
-{}
+{
+    default fn bar() {}
+}
 
 impl<T> const Bar for T
 where
     T: ~const Foo,
     T: Specialize,
-{}
+{
+    fn bar() {}
+}
 
 #[const_trait]
-trait Baz {}
+trait Baz {
+    fn baz();
+}
 
 impl<T> const Baz for T
 where
     T: Foo,
-{}
+{
+    default fn baz() {}
+}
 
 impl<T> const Baz for T
 where
     T: ~const Foo,
     T: Specialize,
-{}
+{
+    fn baz() {}
+}
 
 fn main() {}

tests/ui/specialization/min_specialization/specialize-associated-type.rs

@@ -0,0 +1,37 @@
+// Another regression test for #109815.
+
+// check-pass
+
+#![feature(min_specialization)]
+#![feature(rustc_attrs)]
+
+#[rustc_specialization_trait]
+trait X {}
+trait Z {
+    type Assoc: X;
+}
+struct A<T>(T);
+
+impl X for () {}
+
+impl<T: X> Z for A<T> {
+    type Assoc = ();
+}
+
+trait MyFrom<T> {
+    fn from(other: T) -> Self;
+}
+
+impl<T> MyFrom<()> for T {
+    default fn from(other: ()) -> T {
+        panic!();
+    }
+}
+
+impl<T: X> MyFrom<<A<T> as Z>::Assoc> for T {
+    fn from(other: ()) -> T {
+        panic!();
+    }
+}
+
+fn main() {}

tests/ui/specialization/min_specialization/specialize_nothing.rs

@@ -0,0 +1,14 @@
+#![feature(min_specialization)]
+
+trait Special {
+    fn be_special();
+}
+
+impl<T> Special for T {
+    fn be_special() {}
+}
+
+impl Special for usize {}
+//~^ ERROR specialization impl does not specialize any associated items
+
+fn main() {}

tests/ui/specialization/min_specialization/specialize_nothing.stderr

@@ -0,0 +1,14 @@
+error: specialization impl does not specialize any associated items
+  --> $DIR/specialize_nothing.rs:11:1
+   |
+LL | impl Special for usize {}
+   | ^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
+   |
+note: impl is a specialization of this impl
+  --> $DIR/specialize_nothing.rs:7:1
+   |
+LL | impl<T> Special for T {
+   | ^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
+
+error: aborting due to previous error
+

tests/ui/specialization/min_specialization/specialize_on_type_error.rs

@@ -0,0 +1,33 @@
+// A regression test for #109815.
+
+#![feature(min_specialization)]
+#![feature(rustc_attrs)]
+
+#[rustc_specialization_trait]
+trait X {}
+trait Y: X {}
+trait Z {
+    type Assoc: Y;
+}
+struct A<T>(T);
+
+impl<T: X> Z for A<T> {}
+//~^ ERROR not all trait items implemented
+
+trait MyFrom<T> {
+    fn from(other: T) -> Self;
+}
+
+impl<T> MyFrom<T> for T {
+    default fn from(other: T) -> T {
+        other
+    }
+}
+
+impl<T: X> MyFrom<<A<T> as Z>::Assoc> for T {
+    fn from(other: <A<T> as Z>::Assoc) -> T {
+        other
+    }
+}
+
+fn main() {}

tests/ui/specialization/min_specialization/specialize_on_type_error.stderr

@@ -0,0 +1,12 @@
+error[E0046]: not all trait items implemented, missing: `Assoc`
+  --> $DIR/specialize_on_type_error.rs:14:1
+   |
+LL |     type Assoc: Y;
+   |     ------------- `Assoc` from trait
+...
+LL | impl<T: X> Z for A<T> {}
+   | ^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^ missing `Assoc` in implementation
+
+error: aborting due to previous error
+
+For more information about this error, try `rustc --explain E0046`.

tests/ui/specialization/min_specialization/specialize_with_generalize_lifetimes.rs

@@ -0,0 +1,50 @@
+// Regression test for #79457.
+
+#![feature(min_specialization)]
+
+use std::any::Any;
+
+pub trait Tr {
+    fn method(self) -> Box<dyn Any + 'static>;
+    fn other(self);
+}
+
+impl<T: Any + 'static> Tr for T {
+    default fn method(self) -> Box<dyn Any + 'static> {
+        Box::new(self)
+    }
+
+    default fn other(self) {}
+}
+
+impl<'a> Tr for &'a i32 {
+    //~^ ERROR does not fulfill the required lifetime
+    fn other(self) {}
+}
+
+fn promote_to_static<'a>(i: &'a i32) -> &'static i32 {
+    *i.method().downcast().unwrap()
+}
+
+struct Wrapper<'a>(&'a i32);
+
+impl<'a> Tr for Wrapper<'a> {
+    //~^ ERROR does not fulfill the required lifetime
+    fn other(self) {}
+}
+
+fn promote_to_static_2<'a>(w: Wrapper<'a>) -> Wrapper<'static> {
+    *w.method().downcast().unwrap()
+}
+
+fn main() {
+    let i = Box::new(100_i32);
+    let static_i: &'static i32 = promote_to_static(&*i);
+    drop(i);
+    println!("{}", *static_i);
+
+    let j = Box::new(200_i32);
+    let static_w: Wrapper<'static> = promote_to_static_2(Wrapper(&*j));
+    drop(j);
+    println!("{}", *static_w.0);
+}

tests/ui/specialization/min_specialization/specialize_with_generalize_lifetimes.stderr

@@ -0,0 +1,27 @@
+error[E0477]: the type `&'a i32` does not fulfill the required lifetime
+  --> $DIR/specialize_with_generalize_lifetimes.rs:20:1
+   |
+LL | impl<'a> Tr for &'a i32 {
+   | ^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
+   |
+note: type must satisfy the static lifetime as required by this binding
+  --> $DIR/specialize_with_generalize_lifetimes.rs:12:15
+   |
+LL | impl<T: Any + 'static> Tr for T {
+   |               ^^^^^^^
+
+error[E0477]: the type `Wrapper<'a>` does not fulfill the required lifetime
+  --> $DIR/specialize_with_generalize_lifetimes.rs:31:1
+   |
+LL | impl<'a> Tr for Wrapper<'a> {
+   | ^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
+   |
+note: type must satisfy the static lifetime as required by this binding
+  --> $DIR/specialize_with_generalize_lifetimes.rs:12:15
+   |
+LL | impl<T: Any + 'static> Tr for T {
+   |               ^^^^^^^
+
+error: aborting due to 2 previous errors
+
+For more information about this error, try `rustc --explain E0477`.