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Rollup merge of #90376 - oli-obk:🧹, r=spastorino

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Various cleanups around opaque types

Best reviewed commit by commit.

This PR has no functional changes.

Mostly it's moving logic from an extension trait in rustc_trait_selection to inherent impls on rustc_infer.
This commit is contained in:
Matthias Krüger 2021-10-29 00:30:31 +02:00 committed by GitHub
commit bcee0a6ecc
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7 changed files with 597 additions and 650 deletions
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1
compiler/rustc_borrowck/src/type_check/mod.rs
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@ -36,7 +36,6 @@ use rustc_span::def_id::CRATE_DEF_ID;
use rustc_span::{Span, DUMMY_SP};
use rustc_target::abi::VariantIdx;
use rustc_trait_selection::infer::InferCtxtExt as _;
use rustc_trait_selection::opaque_types::InferCtxtExt;
use rustc_trait_selection::traits::error_reporting::InferCtxtExt as _;
use rustc_trait_selection::traits::query::type_op;
use rustc_trait_selection::traits::query::type_op::custom::CustomTypeOp;

592
compiler/rustc_infer/src/infer/opaque_types.rs
View File

@ -1,8 +1,17 @@
use crate::infer::type_variable::{TypeVariableOrigin, TypeVariableOriginKind};
use crate::infer::{InferCtxt, InferOk};
use crate::traits;
use rustc_data_structures::sync::Lrc;
use rustc_data_structures::vec_map::VecMap;
use rustc_hir as hir;
use rustc_middle::ty::{OpaqueTypeKey, Ty};
use rustc_hir::def_id::LocalDefId;
use rustc_middle::ty::fold::BottomUpFolder;
use rustc_middle::ty::subst::{GenericArgKind, Subst};
use rustc_middle::ty::{self, OpaqueTypeKey, Ty, TyCtxt, TypeFoldable, TypeVisitor};
use rustc_span::Span;
use std::ops::ControlFlow;
pub type OpaqueTypeMap<'tcx> = VecMap<OpaqueTypeKey<'tcx>, OpaqueTypeDecl<'tcx>>;
/// Information about the opaque types whose values we
@ -45,3 +54,584 @@ pub struct OpaqueTypeDecl<'tcx> {
/// The origin of the opaque type.
pub origin: hir::OpaqueTyOrigin,
}
impl<'a, 'tcx> InferCtxt<'a, 'tcx> {
/// Replaces all opaque types in `value` with fresh inference variables
/// and creates appropriate obligations. For example, given the input:
///
/// impl Iterator<Item = impl Debug>
///
/// this method would create two type variables, `?0` and `?1`. It would
/// return the type `?0` but also the obligations:
///
/// ?0: Iterator<Item = ?1>
/// ?1: Debug
///
/// Moreover, it returns an `OpaqueTypeMap` that would map `?0` to
/// info about the `impl Iterator<..>` type and `?1` to info about
/// the `impl Debug` type.
///
/// # Parameters
///
/// - `parent_def_id` -- the `DefId` of the function in which the opaque type
/// is defined
/// - `body_id` -- the body-id with which the resulting obligations should
/// be associated
/// - `param_env` -- the in-scope parameter environment to be used for
/// obligations
/// - `value` -- the value within which we are instantiating opaque types
/// - `value_span` -- the span where the value came from, used in error reporting
pub fn instantiate_opaque_types<T: TypeFoldable<'tcx>>(
&self,
body_id: hir::HirId,
param_env: ty::ParamEnv<'tcx>,
value: T,
value_span: Span,
) -> InferOk<'tcx, T> {
debug!(
"instantiate_opaque_types(value={:?}, body_id={:?}, \
param_env={:?}, value_span={:?})",
value, body_id, param_env, value_span,
);
let mut instantiator =
Instantiator { infcx: self, body_id, param_env, value_span, obligations: vec![] };
let value = instantiator.instantiate_opaque_types_in_map(value);
InferOk { value, obligations: instantiator.obligations }
}
/// Given the map `opaque_types` containing the opaque
/// `impl Trait` types whose underlying, hidden types are being
/// inferred, this method adds constraints to the regions
/// appearing in those underlying hidden types to ensure that they
/// at least do not refer to random scopes within the current
/// function. These constraints are not (quite) sufficient to
/// guarantee that the regions are actually legal values; that
/// final condition is imposed after region inference is done.
///
/// # The Problem
///
/// Let's work through an example to explain how it works. Assume
/// the current function is as follows:
///
/// ```text
/// fn foo<'a, 'b>(..) -> (impl Bar<'a>, impl Bar<'b>)
/// ```
///
/// Here, we have two `impl Trait` types whose values are being
/// inferred (the `impl Bar<'a>` and the `impl
/// Bar<'b>`). Conceptually, this is sugar for a setup where we
/// define underlying opaque types (`Foo1`, `Foo2`) and then, in
/// the return type of `foo`, we *reference* those definitions:
///
/// ```text
/// type Foo1<'x> = impl Bar<'x>;
/// type Foo2<'x> = impl Bar<'x>;
/// fn foo<'a, 'b>(..) -> (Foo1<'a>, Foo2<'b>) { .. }
/// // ^^^^ ^^
/// // | |
/// // | substs
/// // def_id
/// ```
///
/// As indicating in the comments above, each of those references
/// is (in the compiler) basically a substitution (`substs`)
/// applied to the type of a suitable `def_id` (which identifies
/// `Foo1` or `Foo2`).
///
/// Now, at this point in compilation, what we have done is to
/// replace each of the references (`Foo1<'a>`, `Foo2<'b>`) with
/// fresh inference variables C1 and C2. We wish to use the values
/// of these variables to infer the underlying types of `Foo1` and
/// `Foo2`. That is, this gives rise to higher-order (pattern) unification
/// constraints like:
///
/// ```text
/// for<'a> (Foo1<'a> = C1)
/// for<'b> (Foo1<'b> = C2)
/// ```
///
/// For these equation to be satisfiable, the types `C1` and `C2`
/// can only refer to a limited set of regions. For example, `C1`
/// can only refer to `'static` and `'a`, and `C2` can only refer
/// to `'static` and `'b`. The job of this function is to impose that
/// constraint.
///
/// Up to this point, C1 and C2 are basically just random type
/// inference variables, and hence they may contain arbitrary
/// regions. In fact, it is fairly likely that they do! Consider
/// this possible definition of `foo`:
///
/// ```text
/// fn foo<'a, 'b>(x: &'a i32, y: &'b i32) -> (impl Bar<'a>, impl Bar<'b>) {
/// (&*x, &*y)
/// }
/// ```
///
/// Here, the values for the concrete types of the two impl
/// traits will include inference variables:
///
/// ```text
/// &'0 i32
/// &'1 i32
/// ```
///
/// Ordinarily, the subtyping rules would ensure that these are
/// sufficiently large. But since `impl Bar<'a>` isn't a specific
/// type per se, we don't get such constraints by default. This
/// is where this function comes into play. It adds extra
/// constraints to ensure that all the regions which appear in the
/// inferred type are regions that could validly appear.
///
/// This is actually a bit of a tricky constraint in general. We
/// want to say that each variable (e.g., `'0`) can only take on
/// values that were supplied as arguments to the opaque type
/// (e.g., `'a` for `Foo1<'a>`) or `'static`, which is always in
/// scope. We don't have a constraint quite of this kind in the current
/// region checker.
///
/// # The Solution
///
/// We generally prefer to make `<=` constraints, since they
/// integrate best into the region solver. To do that, we find the
/// "minimum" of all the arguments that appear in the substs: that
/// is, some region which is less than all the others. In the case
/// of `Foo1<'a>`, that would be `'a` (it's the only choice, after
/// all). Then we apply that as a least bound to the variables
/// (e.g., `'a <= '0`).
///
/// In some cases, there is no minimum. Consider this example:
///
/// ```text
/// fn baz<'a, 'b>() -> impl Trait<'a, 'b> { ... }
/// ```
///
/// Here we would report a more complex "in constraint", like `'r
/// in ['a, 'b, 'static]` (where `'r` is some region appearing in
/// the hidden type).
///
/// # Constrain regions, not the hidden concrete type
///
/// Note that generating constraints on each region `Rc` is *not*
/// the same as generating an outlives constraint on `Tc` iself.
/// For example, if we had a function like this:
///
/// ```rust
/// fn foo<'a, T>(x: &'a u32, y: T) -> impl Foo<'a> {
/// (x, y)
/// }
///
/// // Equivalent to:
/// type FooReturn<'a, T> = impl Foo<'a>;
/// fn foo<'a, T>(..) -> FooReturn<'a, T> { .. }
/// ```
///
/// then the hidden type `Tc` would be `(&'0 u32, T)` (where `'0`
/// is an inference variable). If we generated a constraint that
/// `Tc: 'a`, then this would incorrectly require that `T: 'a` --
/// but this is not necessary, because the opaque type we
/// create will be allowed to reference `T`. So we only generate a
/// constraint that `'0: 'a`.
///
/// # The `free_region_relations` parameter
///
/// The `free_region_relations` argument is used to find the
/// "minimum" of the regions supplied to a given opaque type.
/// It must be a relation that can answer whether `'a <= 'b`,
/// where `'a` and `'b` are regions that appear in the "substs"
/// for the opaque type references (the `<'a>` in `Foo1<'a>`).
///
/// Note that we do not impose the constraints based on the
/// generic regions from the `Foo1` definition (e.g., `'x`). This
/// is because the constraints we are imposing here is basically
/// the concern of the one generating the constraining type C1,
/// which is the current function. It also means that we can
/// take "implied bounds" into account in some cases:
///
/// ```text
/// trait SomeTrait<'a, 'b> { }
/// fn foo<'a, 'b>(_: &'a &'b u32) -> impl SomeTrait<'a, 'b> { .. }
/// ```
///
/// Here, the fact that `'b: 'a` is known only because of the
/// implied bounds from the `&'a &'b u32` parameter, and is not
/// "inherent" to the opaque type definition.
///
/// # Parameters
///
/// - `opaque_types` -- the map produced by `instantiate_opaque_types`
/// - `free_region_relations` -- something that can be used to relate
/// the free regions (`'a`) that appear in the impl trait.
#[instrument(level = "debug", skip(self))]
pub fn constrain_opaque_type(
&self,
opaque_type_key: OpaqueTypeKey<'tcx>,
opaque_defn: &OpaqueTypeDecl<'tcx>,
) {
let def_id = opaque_type_key.def_id;
let tcx = self.tcx;
let concrete_ty = self.resolve_vars_if_possible(opaque_defn.concrete_ty);
debug!(?concrete_ty);
let first_own_region = match opaque_defn.origin {
hir::OpaqueTyOrigin::FnReturn | hir::OpaqueTyOrigin::AsyncFn => {
// We lower
//
// fn foo<'l0..'ln>() -> impl Trait<'l0..'lm>
//
// into
//
// type foo::<'p0..'pn>::Foo<'q0..'qm>
// fn foo<l0..'ln>() -> foo::<'static..'static>::Foo<'l0..'lm>.
//
// For these types we only iterate over `'l0..lm` below.
tcx.generics_of(def_id).parent_count
}
// These opaque type inherit all lifetime parameters from their
// parent, so we have to check them all.
hir::OpaqueTyOrigin::TyAlias => 0,
};
// For a case like `impl Foo<'a, 'b>`, we would generate a constraint
// `'r in ['a, 'b, 'static]` for each region `'r` that appears in the
// hidden type (i.e., it must be equal to `'a`, `'b`, or `'static`).
//
// `conflict1` and `conflict2` are the two region bounds that we
// detected which were unrelated. They are used for diagnostics.
// Create the set of choice regions: each region in the hidden
// type can be equal to any of the region parameters of the
// opaque type definition.
let choice_regions: Lrc<Vec<ty::Region<'tcx>>> = Lrc::new(
opaque_type_key.substs[first_own_region..]
.iter()
.filter_map(|arg| match arg.unpack() {
GenericArgKind::Lifetime(r) => Some(r),
GenericArgKind::Type(_) | GenericArgKind::Const(_) => None,
})
.chain(std::iter::once(self.tcx.lifetimes.re_static))
.collect(),
);
concrete_ty.visit_with(&mut ConstrainOpaqueTypeRegionVisitor {
tcx: self.tcx,
op: |r| {
self.member_constraint(
opaque_type_key.def_id,
opaque_defn.definition_span,
concrete_ty,
r,
&choice_regions,
)
},
});
}
}
// Visitor that requires that (almost) all regions in the type visited outlive
// `least_region`. We cannot use `push_outlives_components` because regions in
// closure signatures are not included in their outlives components. We need to
// ensure all regions outlive the given bound so that we don't end up with,
// say, `ReVar` appearing in a return type and causing ICEs when other
// functions end up with region constraints involving regions from other
// functions.
//
// We also cannot use `for_each_free_region` because for closures it includes
// the regions parameters from the enclosing item.
//
// We ignore any type parameters because impl trait values are assumed to
// capture all the in-scope type parameters.
struct ConstrainOpaqueTypeRegionVisitor<'tcx, OP> {
tcx: TyCtxt<'tcx>,
op: OP,
}
impl<'tcx, OP> TypeVisitor<'tcx> for ConstrainOpaqueTypeRegionVisitor<'tcx, OP>
where
OP: FnMut(ty::Region<'tcx>),
{
fn tcx_for_anon_const_substs(&self) -> Option<TyCtxt<'tcx>> {
Some(self.tcx)
}
fn visit_binder<T: TypeFoldable<'tcx>>(
&mut self,
t: &ty::Binder<'tcx, T>,
) -> ControlFlow<Self::BreakTy> {
t.as_ref().skip_binder().visit_with(self);
ControlFlow::CONTINUE
}
fn visit_region(&mut self, r: ty::Region<'tcx>) -> ControlFlow<Self::BreakTy> {
match *r {
// ignore bound regions, keep visiting
ty::ReLateBound(_, _) => ControlFlow::CONTINUE,
_ => {
(self.op)(r);
ControlFlow::CONTINUE
}
}
}
fn visit_ty(&mut self, ty: Ty<'tcx>) -> ControlFlow<Self::BreakTy> {
// We're only interested in types involving regions
if !ty.flags().intersects(ty::TypeFlags::HAS_POTENTIAL_FREE_REGIONS) {
return ControlFlow::CONTINUE;
}
match ty.kind() {
ty::Closure(_, ref substs) => {
// Skip lifetime parameters of the enclosing item(s)
substs.as_closure().tupled_upvars_ty().visit_with(self);
substs.as_closure().sig_as_fn_ptr_ty().visit_with(self);
}
ty::Generator(_, ref substs, _) => {
// Skip lifetime parameters of the enclosing item(s)
// Also skip the witness type, because that has no free regions.
substs.as_generator().tupled_upvars_ty().visit_with(self);
substs.as_generator().return_ty().visit_with(self);
substs.as_generator().yield_ty().visit_with(self);
substs.as_generator().resume_ty().visit_with(self);
}
_ => {
ty.super_visit_with(self);
}
}
ControlFlow::CONTINUE
}
}
struct Instantiator<'a, 'tcx> {
infcx: &'a InferCtxt<'a, 'tcx>,
body_id: hir::HirId,
param_env: ty::ParamEnv<'tcx>,
value_span: Span,
obligations: Vec<traits::PredicateObligation<'tcx>>,
}
impl<'a, 'tcx> Instantiator<'a, 'tcx> {
fn instantiate_opaque_types_in_map<T: TypeFoldable<'tcx>>(&mut self, value: T) -> T {
let tcx = self.infcx.tcx;
value.fold_with(&mut BottomUpFolder {
tcx,
ty_op: |ty| {
if ty.references_error() {
return tcx.ty_error();
} else if let ty::Opaque(def_id, substs) = ty.kind() {
// Check that this is `impl Trait` type is
// declared by `parent_def_id` -- i.e., one whose
// value we are inferring. At present, this is
// always true during the first phase of
// type-check, but not always true later on during
// NLL. Once we support named opaque types more fully,
// this same scenario will be able to arise during all phases.
//
// Here is an example using type alias `impl Trait`
// that indicates the distinction we are checking for:
//
// ```rust
// mod a {
// pub type Foo = impl Iterator;
// pub fn make_foo() -> Foo { .. }
// }
//
// mod b {
// fn foo() -> a::Foo { a::make_foo() }
// }
// ```
//
// Here, the return type of `foo` references an
// `Opaque` indeed, but not one whose value is
// presently being inferred. You can get into a
// similar situation with closure return types
// today:
//
// ```rust
// fn foo() -> impl Iterator { .. }
// fn bar() {
// let x = || foo(); // returns the Opaque assoc with `foo`
// }
// ```
if let Some(def_id) = def_id.as_local() {
let opaque_hir_id = tcx.hir().local_def_id_to_hir_id(def_id);
let parent_def_id = self.infcx.defining_use_anchor;
let def_scope_default = || {
let opaque_parent_hir_id = tcx.hir().get_parent_item(opaque_hir_id);
parent_def_id == tcx.hir().local_def_id(opaque_parent_hir_id)
};
let (in_definition_scope, origin) =
match tcx.hir().expect_item(opaque_hir_id).kind {
// Anonymous `impl Trait`
hir::ItemKind::OpaqueTy(hir::OpaqueTy {
impl_trait_fn: Some(parent),
origin,
..
}) => (parent == parent_def_id.to_def_id(), origin),
// Named `type Foo = impl Bar;`
hir::ItemKind::OpaqueTy(hir::OpaqueTy {
impl_trait_fn: None,
origin,
..
}) => (
may_define_opaque_type(tcx, parent_def_id, opaque_hir_id),
origin,
),
_ => (def_scope_default(), hir::OpaqueTyOrigin::TyAlias),
};
if in_definition_scope {
let opaque_type_key =
OpaqueTypeKey { def_id: def_id.to_def_id(), substs };
return self.fold_opaque_ty(ty, opaque_type_key, origin);
}
debug!(
"instantiate_opaque_types_in_map: \
encountered opaque outside its definition scope \
def_id={:?}",
def_id,
);
}
}
ty
},
lt_op: |lt| lt,
ct_op: |ct| ct,
})
}
#[instrument(skip(self), level = "debug")]
fn fold_opaque_ty(
&mut self,
ty: Ty<'tcx>,
opaque_type_key: OpaqueTypeKey<'tcx>,
origin: hir::OpaqueTyOrigin,
) -> Ty<'tcx> {
let infcx = self.infcx;
let tcx = infcx.tcx;
let OpaqueTypeKey { def_id, substs } = opaque_type_key;
// Use the same type variable if the exact same opaque type appears more
// than once in the return type (e.g., if it's passed to a type alias).
if let Some(opaque_defn) = infcx.inner.borrow().opaque_types.get(&opaque_type_key) {
debug!("re-using cached concrete type {:?}", opaque_defn.concrete_ty.kind());
return opaque_defn.concrete_ty;
}
let ty_var = infcx.next_ty_var(TypeVariableOrigin {
kind: TypeVariableOriginKind::TypeInference,
span: self.value_span,
});
// Ideally, we'd get the span where *this specific `ty` came
// from*, but right now we just use the span from the overall
// value being folded. In simple cases like `-> impl Foo`,
// these are the same span, but not in cases like `-> (impl
// Foo, impl Bar)`.
let definition_span = self.value_span;
{
let mut infcx = self.infcx.inner.borrow_mut();
infcx.opaque_types.insert(
OpaqueTypeKey { def_id, substs },
OpaqueTypeDecl { opaque_type: ty, definition_span, concrete_ty: ty_var, origin },
);
infcx.opaque_types_vars.insert(ty_var, ty);
}
debug!("generated new type inference var {:?}", ty_var.kind());
let item_bounds = tcx.explicit_item_bounds(def_id);
self.obligations.reserve(item_bounds.len());
for (predicate, _) in item_bounds {
debug!(?predicate);
let predicate = predicate.subst(tcx, substs);
debug!(?predicate);
// We can't normalize associated types from `rustc_infer`, but we can eagerly register inference variables for them.
let predicate = predicate.fold_with(&mut BottomUpFolder {
tcx,
ty_op: |ty| match ty.kind() {
ty::Projection(projection_ty) => infcx.infer_projection(
self.param_env,
*projection_ty,
traits::ObligationCause::misc(self.value_span, self.body_id),
0,
&mut self.obligations,
),
_ => ty,
},
lt_op: |lt| lt,
ct_op: |ct| ct,
});
debug!(?predicate);
if let ty::PredicateKind::Projection(projection) = predicate.kind().skip_binder() {
if projection.ty.references_error() {
// No point on adding these obligations since there's a type error involved.
return tcx.ty_error();
}
}
// Change the predicate to refer to the type variable,
// which will be the concrete type instead of the opaque type.
// This also instantiates nested instances of `impl Trait`.
let predicate = self.instantiate_opaque_types_in_map(predicate);
let cause =
traits::ObligationCause::new(self.value_span, self.body_id, traits::OpaqueType);
// Require that the predicate holds for the concrete type.
debug!(?predicate);
self.obligations.push(traits::Obligation::new(cause, self.param_env, predicate));
}
ty_var
}
}
/// Returns `true` if `opaque_hir_id` is a sibling or a child of a sibling of `def_id`.
///
/// Example:
/// ```rust
/// pub mod foo {
/// pub mod bar {
/// pub trait Bar { .. }
///
/// pub type Baz = impl Bar;
///
/// fn f1() -> Baz { .. }
/// }
///
/// fn f2() -> bar::Baz { .. }
/// }
/// ```
///
/// Here, `def_id` is the `LocalDefId` of the defining use of the opaque type (e.g., `f1` or `f2`),
/// and `opaque_hir_id` is the `HirId` of the definition of the opaque type `Baz`.
/// For the above example, this function returns `true` for `f1` and `false` for `f2`.
fn may_define_opaque_type(tcx: TyCtxt<'_>, def_id: LocalDefId, opaque_hir_id: hir::HirId) -> bool {
let mut hir_id = tcx.hir().local_def_id_to_hir_id(def_id);
// Named opaque types can be defined by any siblings or children of siblings.
let scope = tcx.hir().get_defining_scope(opaque_hir_id);
// We walk up the node tree until we hit the root or the scope of the opaque type.
while hir_id != scope && hir_id != hir::CRATE_HIR_ID {
hir_id = tcx.hir().get_parent_item(hir_id);
}
// Syntactically, we are allowed to define the concrete type if:
let res = hir_id == scope;
trace!(
"may_define_opaque_type(def={:?}, opaque_node={:?}) = {}",
tcx.hir().find(hir_id),
tcx.hir().get(opaque_hir_id),
res
);
res
}

648
compiler/rustc_trait_selection/src/opaque_types.rs
View File

@ -1,45 +1,14 @@
use crate::traits::{self, ObligationCause, PredicateObligation};
use crate::traits;
use rustc_data_structures::fx::FxHashMap;
use rustc_data_structures::sync::Lrc;
use rustc_hir as hir;
use rustc_hir::def_id::{DefId, LocalDefId};
use rustc_hir::def_id::DefId;
use rustc_infer::infer::error_reporting::unexpected_hidden_region_diagnostic;
use rustc_infer::infer::opaque_types::OpaqueTypeDecl;
use rustc_infer::infer::type_variable::{TypeVariableOrigin, TypeVariableOriginKind};
use rustc_infer::infer::{InferCtxt, InferOk};
use rustc_middle::ty::fold::{BottomUpFolder, TypeFoldable, TypeFolder, TypeVisitor};
use rustc_middle::ty::subst::{GenericArg, GenericArgKind, InternalSubsts, Subst};
use rustc_infer::infer::InferCtxt;
use rustc_middle::ty::fold::{TypeFoldable, TypeFolder};
use rustc_middle::ty::subst::{GenericArg, GenericArgKind, InternalSubsts};
use rustc_middle::ty::{self, OpaqueTypeKey, Ty, TyCtxt};
use rustc_span::Span;
use std::ops::ControlFlow;
pub trait InferCtxtExt<'tcx> {
fn instantiate_opaque_types<T: TypeFoldable<'tcx>>(
&self,
body_id: hir::HirId,
param_env: ty::ParamEnv<'tcx>,
value: T,
value_span: Span,
) -> InferOk<'tcx, T>;
fn constrain_opaque_types(&self);
fn constrain_opaque_type(
&self,
opaque_type_key: OpaqueTypeKey<'tcx>,
opaque_defn: &OpaqueTypeDecl<'tcx>,
);
/*private*/
fn generate_member_constraint(
&self,
concrete_ty: Ty<'tcx>,
opaque_defn: &OpaqueTypeDecl<'tcx>,
opaque_type_key: OpaqueTypeKey<'tcx>,
first_own_region_index: usize,
);
fn infer_opaque_definition_from_instantiation(
&self,
opaque_type_key: OpaqueTypeKey<'tcx>,
@ -49,305 +18,6 @@ pub trait InferCtxtExt<'tcx> {
}
impl<'a, 'tcx> InferCtxtExt<'tcx> for InferCtxt<'a, 'tcx> {
/// Replaces all opaque types in `value` with fresh inference variables
/// and creates appropriate obligations. For example, given the input:
///
/// impl Iterator<Item = impl Debug>
///
/// this method would create two type variables, `?0` and `?1`. It would
/// return the type `?0` but also the obligations:
///
/// ?0: Iterator<Item = ?1>
/// ?1: Debug
///
/// Moreover, it returns an `OpaqueTypeMap` that would map `?0` to
/// info about the `impl Iterator<..>` type and `?1` to info about
/// the `impl Debug` type.
///
/// # Parameters
///
/// - `parent_def_id` -- the `DefId` of the function in which the opaque type
/// is defined
/// - `body_id` -- the body-id with which the resulting obligations should
/// be associated
/// - `param_env` -- the in-scope parameter environment to be used for
/// obligations
/// - `value` -- the value within which we are instantiating opaque types
/// - `value_span` -- the span where the value came from, used in error reporting
fn instantiate_opaque_types<T: TypeFoldable<'tcx>>(
&self,
body_id: hir::HirId,
param_env: ty::ParamEnv<'tcx>,
value: T,
value_span: Span,
) -> InferOk<'tcx, T> {
debug!(
"instantiate_opaque_types(value={:?}, body_id={:?}, \
param_env={:?}, value_span={:?})",
value, body_id, param_env, value_span,
);
let mut instantiator =
Instantiator { infcx: self, body_id, param_env, value_span, obligations: vec![] };
let value = instantiator.instantiate_opaque_types_in_map(value);
InferOk { value, obligations: instantiator.obligations }
}
/// Given the map `opaque_types` containing the opaque
/// `impl Trait` types whose underlying, hidden types are being
/// inferred, this method adds constraints to the regions
/// appearing in those underlying hidden types to ensure that they
/// at least do not refer to random scopes within the current
/// function. These constraints are not (quite) sufficient to
/// guarantee that the regions are actually legal values; that
/// final condition is imposed after region inference is done.
///
/// # The Problem
///
/// Let's work through an example to explain how it works. Assume
/// the current function is as follows:
///
/// ```text
/// fn foo<'a, 'b>(..) -> (impl Bar<'a>, impl Bar<'b>)
/// ```
///
/// Here, we have two `impl Trait` types whose values are being
/// inferred (the `impl Bar<'a>` and the `impl
/// Bar<'b>`). Conceptually, this is sugar for a setup where we
/// define underlying opaque types (`Foo1`, `Foo2`) and then, in
/// the return type of `foo`, we *reference* those definitions:
///
/// ```text
/// type Foo1<'x> = impl Bar<'x>;
/// type Foo2<'x> = impl Bar<'x>;
/// fn foo<'a, 'b>(..) -> (Foo1<'a>, Foo2<'b>) { .. }
/// // ^^^^ ^^
/// // | |
/// // | substs
/// // def_id
/// ```
///
/// As indicating in the comments above, each of those references
/// is (in the compiler) basically a substitution (`substs`)
/// applied to the type of a suitable `def_id` (which identifies
/// `Foo1` or `Foo2`).
///
/// Now, at this point in compilation, what we have done is to
/// replace each of the references (`Foo1<'a>`, `Foo2<'b>`) with
/// fresh inference variables C1 and C2. We wish to use the values
/// of these variables to infer the underlying types of `Foo1` and
/// `Foo2`. That is, this gives rise to higher-order (pattern) unification
/// constraints like:
///
/// ```text
/// for<'a> (Foo1<'a> = C1)
/// for<'b> (Foo1<'b> = C2)
/// ```
///
/// For these equation to be satisfiable, the types `C1` and `C2`
/// can only refer to a limited set of regions. For example, `C1`
/// can only refer to `'static` and `'a`, and `C2` can only refer
/// to `'static` and `'b`. The job of this function is to impose that
/// constraint.
///
/// Up to this point, C1 and C2 are basically just random type
/// inference variables, and hence they may contain arbitrary
/// regions. In fact, it is fairly likely that they do! Consider
/// this possible definition of `foo`:
///
/// ```text
/// fn foo<'a, 'b>(x: &'a i32, y: &'b i32) -> (impl Bar<'a>, impl Bar<'b>) {
/// (&*x, &*y)
/// }
/// ```
///
/// Here, the values for the concrete types of the two impl
/// traits will include inference variables:
///
/// ```text
/// &'0 i32
/// &'1 i32
/// ```
///
/// Ordinarily, the subtyping rules would ensure that these are
/// sufficiently large. But since `impl Bar<'a>` isn't a specific
/// type per se, we don't get such constraints by default. This
/// is where this function comes into play. It adds extra
/// constraints to ensure that all the regions which appear in the
/// inferred type are regions that could validly appear.
///
/// This is actually a bit of a tricky constraint in general. We
/// want to say that each variable (e.g., `'0`) can only take on
/// values that were supplied as arguments to the opaque type
/// (e.g., `'a` for `Foo1<'a>`) or `'static`, which is always in
/// scope. We don't have a constraint quite of this kind in the current
/// region checker.
///
/// # The Solution
///
/// We generally prefer to make `<=` constraints, since they
/// integrate best into the region solver. To do that, we find the
/// "minimum" of all the arguments that appear in the substs: that
/// is, some region which is less than all the others. In the case
/// of `Foo1<'a>`, that would be `'a` (it's the only choice, after
/// all). Then we apply that as a least bound to the variables
/// (e.g., `'a <= '0`).
///
/// In some cases, there is no minimum. Consider this example:
///
/// ```text
/// fn baz<'a, 'b>() -> impl Trait<'a, 'b> { ... }
/// ```
///
/// Here we would report a more complex "in constraint", like `'r
/// in ['a, 'b, 'static]` (where `'r` is some region appearing in
/// the hidden type).
///
/// # Constrain regions, not the hidden concrete type
///
/// Note that generating constraints on each region `Rc` is *not*
/// the same as generating an outlives constraint on `Tc` iself.
/// For example, if we had a function like this:
///
/// ```rust
/// fn foo<'a, T>(x: &'a u32, y: T) -> impl Foo<'a> {
/// (x, y)
/// }
///
/// // Equivalent to:
/// type FooReturn<'a, T> = impl Foo<'a>;
/// fn foo<'a, T>(..) -> FooReturn<'a, T> { .. }
/// ```
///
/// then the hidden type `Tc` would be `(&'0 u32, T)` (where `'0`
/// is an inference variable). If we generated a constraint that
/// `Tc: 'a`, then this would incorrectly require that `T: 'a` --
/// but this is not necessary, because the opaque type we
/// create will be allowed to reference `T`. So we only generate a
/// constraint that `'0: 'a`.
///
/// # The `free_region_relations` parameter
///
/// The `free_region_relations` argument is used to find the
/// "minimum" of the regions supplied to a given opaque type.
/// It must be a relation that can answer whether `'a <= 'b`,
/// where `'a` and `'b` are regions that appear in the "substs"
/// for the opaque type references (the `<'a>` in `Foo1<'a>`).
///
/// Note that we do not impose the constraints based on the
/// generic regions from the `Foo1` definition (e.g., `'x`). This
/// is because the constraints we are imposing here is basically
/// the concern of the one generating the constraining type C1,
/// which is the current function. It also means that we can
/// take "implied bounds" into account in some cases:
///
/// ```text
/// trait SomeTrait<'a, 'b> { }
/// fn foo<'a, 'b>(_: &'a &'b u32) -> impl SomeTrait<'a, 'b> { .. }
/// ```
///
/// Here, the fact that `'b: 'a` is known only because of the
/// implied bounds from the `&'a &'b u32` parameter, and is not
/// "inherent" to the opaque type definition.
///
/// # Parameters
///
/// - `opaque_types` -- the map produced by `instantiate_opaque_types`
/// - `free_region_relations` -- something that can be used to relate
/// the free regions (`'a`) that appear in the impl trait.
fn constrain_opaque_types(&self) {
let opaque_types = self.inner.borrow().opaque_types.clone();
for (opaque_type_key, opaque_defn) in opaque_types {
self.constrain_opaque_type(opaque_type_key, &opaque_defn);
}
}
/// See `constrain_opaque_types` for documentation.
#[instrument(level = "debug", skip(self))]
fn constrain_opaque_type(
&self,
opaque_type_key: OpaqueTypeKey<'tcx>,
opaque_defn: &OpaqueTypeDecl<'tcx>,
) {
let def_id = opaque_type_key.def_id;
let tcx = self.tcx;
let concrete_ty = self.resolve_vars_if_possible(opaque_defn.concrete_ty);
debug!(?concrete_ty);
let first_own_region = match opaque_defn.origin {
hir::OpaqueTyOrigin::FnReturn | hir::OpaqueTyOrigin::AsyncFn => {
// We lower
//
// fn foo<'l0..'ln>() -> impl Trait<'l0..'lm>
//
// into
//
// type foo::<'p0..'pn>::Foo<'q0..'qm>
// fn foo<l0..'ln>() -> foo::<'static..'static>::Foo<'l0..'lm>.
//
// For these types we only iterate over `'l0..lm` below.
tcx.generics_of(def_id).parent_count
}
// These opaque type inherit all lifetime parameters from their
// parent, so we have to check them all.
hir::OpaqueTyOrigin::TyAlias => 0,
};
// The regions that appear in the hidden type must be equal to
// one of the regions in scope for the opaque type.
self.generate_member_constraint(
concrete_ty,
opaque_defn,
opaque_type_key,
first_own_region,
);
}
/// As a fallback, we sometimes generate an "in constraint". For
/// a case like `impl Foo<'a, 'b>`, where `'a` and `'b` cannot be
/// related, we would generate a constraint `'r in ['a, 'b,
/// 'static]` for each region `'r` that appears in the hidden type
/// (i.e., it must be equal to `'a`, `'b`, or `'static`).
///
/// `conflict1` and `conflict2` are the two region bounds that we
/// detected which were unrelated. They are used for diagnostics.
fn generate_member_constraint(
&self,
concrete_ty: Ty<'tcx>,
opaque_defn: &OpaqueTypeDecl<'tcx>,
opaque_type_key: OpaqueTypeKey<'tcx>,
first_own_region: usize,
) {
// Create the set of choice regions: each region in the hidden
// type can be equal to any of the region parameters of the
// opaque type definition.
let choice_regions: Lrc<Vec<ty::Region<'tcx>>> = Lrc::new(
opaque_type_key.substs[first_own_region..]
.iter()
.filter_map(|arg| match arg.unpack() {
GenericArgKind::Lifetime(r) => Some(r),
GenericArgKind::Type(_) | GenericArgKind::Const(_) => None,
})
.chain(std::iter::once(self.tcx.lifetimes.re_static))
.collect(),
);
concrete_ty.visit_with(&mut ConstrainOpaqueTypeRegionVisitor {
tcx: self.tcx,
op: |r| {
self.member_constraint(
opaque_type_key.def_id,
opaque_defn.definition_span,
concrete_ty,
r,
&choice_regions,
)
},
});
}
/// Given the fully resolved, instantiated type for an opaque
/// type, i.e., the value of an inference variable like C1 or C2
/// (*), computes the "definition type" for an opaque type
@ -363,7 +33,7 @@ impl<'a, 'tcx> InferCtxtExt<'tcx> for InferCtxt<'a, 'tcx> {
/// purpose of this function is to do that translation.
///
/// (*) C1 and C2 were introduced in the comments on
/// `constrain_opaque_types`. Read that comment for more context.
/// `constrain_opaque_type`. Read that comment for more context.
///
/// # Parameters
///
@ -409,83 +79,6 @@ impl<'a, 'tcx> InferCtxtExt<'tcx> for InferCtxt<'a, 'tcx> {
}
}
// Visitor that requires that (almost) all regions in the type visited outlive
// `least_region`. We cannot use `push_outlives_components` because regions in
// closure signatures are not included in their outlives components. We need to
// ensure all regions outlive the given bound so that we don't end up with,
// say, `ReVar` appearing in a return type and causing ICEs when other
// functions end up with region constraints involving regions from other
// functions.
//
// We also cannot use `for_each_free_region` because for closures it includes
// the regions parameters from the enclosing item.
//
// We ignore any type parameters because impl trait values are assumed to
// capture all the in-scope type parameters.
struct ConstrainOpaqueTypeRegionVisitor<'tcx, OP> {
tcx: TyCtxt<'tcx>,
op: OP,
}
impl<'tcx, OP> TypeVisitor<'tcx> for ConstrainOpaqueTypeRegionVisitor<'tcx, OP>
where
OP: FnMut(ty::Region<'tcx>),
{
fn tcx_for_anon_const_substs(&self) -> Option<TyCtxt<'tcx>> {
Some(self.tcx)
}
fn visit_binder<T: TypeFoldable<'tcx>>(
&mut self,
t: &ty::Binder<'tcx, T>,
) -> ControlFlow<Self::BreakTy> {
t.as_ref().skip_binder().visit_with(self);
ControlFlow::CONTINUE
}
fn visit_region(&mut self, r: ty::Region<'tcx>) -> ControlFlow<Self::BreakTy> {
match *r {
// ignore bound regions, keep visiting
ty::ReLateBound(_, _) => ControlFlow::CONTINUE,
_ => {
(self.op)(r);
ControlFlow::CONTINUE
}
}
}
fn visit_ty(&mut self, ty: Ty<'tcx>) -> ControlFlow<Self::BreakTy> {
// We're only interested in types involving regions
if !ty.flags().intersects(ty::TypeFlags::HAS_POTENTIAL_FREE_REGIONS) {
return ControlFlow::CONTINUE;
}
match ty.kind() {
ty::Closure(_, ref substs) => {
// Skip lifetime parameters of the enclosing item(s)
substs.as_closure().tupled_upvars_ty().visit_with(self);
substs.as_closure().sig_as_fn_ptr_ty().visit_with(self);
}
ty::Generator(_, ref substs, _) => {
// Skip lifetime parameters of the enclosing item(s)
// Also skip the witness type, because that has no free regions.
substs.as_generator().tupled_upvars_ty().visit_with(self);
substs.as_generator().return_ty().visit_with(self);
substs.as_generator().yield_ty().visit_with(self);
substs.as_generator().resume_ty().visit_with(self);
}
_ => {
ty.super_visit_with(self);
}
}
ControlFlow::CONTINUE
}
}
struct ReverseMapper<'tcx> {
tcx: TyCtxt<'tcx>,
@ -728,235 +321,6 @@ impl TypeFolder<'tcx> for ReverseMapper<'tcx> {
}
}
struct Instantiator<'a, 'tcx> {
infcx: &'a InferCtxt<'a, 'tcx>,
body_id: hir::HirId,
param_env: ty::ParamEnv<'tcx>,
value_span: Span,
obligations: Vec<PredicateObligation<'tcx>>,
}
impl<'a, 'tcx> Instantiator<'a, 'tcx> {
fn instantiate_opaque_types_in_map<T: TypeFoldable<'tcx>>(&mut self, value: T) -> T {
let tcx = self.infcx.tcx;
value.fold_with(&mut BottomUpFolder {
tcx,
ty_op: |ty| {
if ty.references_error() {
return tcx.ty_error();
} else if let ty::Opaque(def_id, substs) = ty.kind() {
// Check that this is `impl Trait` type is
// declared by `parent_def_id` -- i.e., one whose
// value we are inferring. At present, this is
// always true during the first phase of
// type-check, but not always true later on during
// NLL. Once we support named opaque types more fully,
// this same scenario will be able to arise during all phases.
//
// Here is an example using type alias `impl Trait`
// that indicates the distinction we are checking for:
//
// ```rust
// mod a {
// pub type Foo = impl Iterator;
// pub fn make_foo() -> Foo { .. }
// }
//
// mod b {
// fn foo() -> a::Foo { a::make_foo() }
// }
// ```
//
// Here, the return type of `foo` references an
// `Opaque` indeed, but not one whose value is
// presently being inferred. You can get into a
// similar situation with closure return types
// today:
//
// ```rust
// fn foo() -> impl Iterator { .. }
// fn bar() {
// let x = || foo(); // returns the Opaque assoc with `foo`
// }
// ```
if let Some(def_id) = def_id.as_local() {
let opaque_hir_id = tcx.hir().local_def_id_to_hir_id(def_id);
let parent_def_id = self.infcx.defining_use_anchor;
let def_scope_default = || {
let opaque_parent_hir_id = tcx.hir().get_parent_item(opaque_hir_id);
parent_def_id == tcx.hir().local_def_id(opaque_parent_hir_id)
};
let (in_definition_scope, origin) =
match tcx.hir().expect_item(opaque_hir_id).kind {
// Anonymous `impl Trait`
hir::ItemKind::OpaqueTy(hir::OpaqueTy {
impl_trait_fn: Some(parent),
origin,
..
}) => (parent == parent_def_id.to_def_id(), origin),
// Named `type Foo = impl Bar;`
hir::ItemKind::OpaqueTy(hir::OpaqueTy {
impl_trait_fn: None,
origin,
..
}) => (
may_define_opaque_type(tcx, parent_def_id, opaque_hir_id),
origin,
),
_ => (def_scope_default(), hir::OpaqueTyOrigin::TyAlias),
};
if in_definition_scope {
let opaque_type_key =
OpaqueTypeKey { def_id: def_id.to_def_id(), substs };
return self.fold_opaque_ty(ty, opaque_type_key, origin);
}
debug!(
"instantiate_opaque_types_in_map: \
encountered opaque outside its definition scope \
def_id={:?}",
def_id,
);
}
}
ty
},
lt_op: |lt| lt,
ct_op: |ct| ct,
})
}
#[instrument(skip(self), level = "debug")]
fn fold_opaque_ty(
&mut self,
ty: Ty<'tcx>,
opaque_type_key: OpaqueTypeKey<'tcx>,
origin: hir::OpaqueTyOrigin,
) -> Ty<'tcx> {
let infcx = self.infcx;
let tcx = infcx.tcx;
let OpaqueTypeKey { def_id, substs } = opaque_type_key;
// Use the same type variable if the exact same opaque type appears more
// than once in the return type (e.g., if it's passed to a type alias).
if let Some(opaque_defn) = infcx.inner.borrow().opaque_types.get(&opaque_type_key) {
debug!("re-using cached concrete type {:?}", opaque_defn.concrete_ty.kind());
return opaque_defn.concrete_ty;
}
let ty_var = infcx.next_ty_var(TypeVariableOrigin {
kind: TypeVariableOriginKind::TypeInference,
span: self.value_span,
});
// Ideally, we'd get the span where *this specific `ty` came
// from*, but right now we just use the span from the overall
// value being folded. In simple cases like `-> impl Foo`,
// these are the same span, but not in cases like `-> (impl
// Foo, impl Bar)`.
let definition_span = self.value_span;
{
let mut infcx = self.infcx.inner.borrow_mut();
infcx.opaque_types.insert(
OpaqueTypeKey { def_id, substs },
OpaqueTypeDecl { opaque_type: ty, definition_span, concrete_ty: ty_var, origin },
);
infcx.opaque_types_vars.insert(ty_var, ty);
}
debug!("generated new type inference var {:?}", ty_var.kind());
let item_bounds = tcx.explicit_item_bounds(def_id);
self.obligations.reserve(item_bounds.len());
for (predicate, _) in item_bounds {
debug!(?predicate);
let predicate = predicate.subst(tcx, substs);
debug!(?predicate);
// We can't normalize associated types from `rustc_infer`, but we can eagerly register inference variables for them.
let predicate = predicate.fold_with(&mut BottomUpFolder {
tcx,
ty_op: |ty| match ty.kind() {
ty::Projection(projection_ty) => infcx.infer_projection(
self.param_env,
*projection_ty,
ObligationCause::misc(self.value_span, self.body_id),
0,
&mut self.obligations,
),
_ => ty,
},
lt_op: |lt| lt,
ct_op: |ct| ct,
});
debug!(?predicate);
if let ty::PredicateKind::Projection(projection) = predicate.kind().skip_binder() {
if projection.ty.references_error() {
// No point on adding these obligations since there's a type error involved.
return tcx.ty_error();
}
}
// Change the predicate to refer to the type variable,
// which will be the concrete type instead of the opaque type.
// This also instantiates nested instances of `impl Trait`.
let predicate = self.instantiate_opaque_types_in_map(predicate);
let cause =
traits::ObligationCause::new(self.value_span, self.body_id, traits::OpaqueType);
// Require that the predicate holds for the concrete type.
debug!(?predicate);
self.obligations.push(traits::Obligation::new(cause, self.param_env, predicate));
}
ty_var
}
}
/// Returns `true` if `opaque_hir_id` is a sibling or a child of a sibling of `def_id`.
///
/// Example:
/// ```rust
/// pub mod foo {
/// pub mod bar {
/// pub trait Bar { .. }
///
/// pub type Baz = impl Bar;
///
/// fn f1() -> Baz { .. }
/// }
///
/// fn f2() -> bar::Baz { .. }
/// }
/// ```
///
/// Here, `def_id` is the `LocalDefId` of the defining use of the opaque type (e.g., `f1` or `f2`),
/// and `opaque_hir_id` is the `HirId` of the definition of the opaque type `Baz`.
/// For the above example, this function returns `true` for `f1` and `false` for `f2`.
fn may_define_opaque_type(tcx: TyCtxt<'_>, def_id: LocalDefId, opaque_hir_id: hir::HirId) -> bool {
let mut hir_id = tcx.hir().local_def_id_to_hir_id(def_id);
// Named opaque types can be defined by any siblings or children of siblings.
let scope = tcx.hir().get_defining_scope(opaque_hir_id);
// We walk up the node tree until we hit the root or the scope of the opaque type.
while hir_id != scope && hir_id != hir::CRATE_HIR_ID {
hir_id = tcx.hir().get_parent_item(hir_id);
}
// Syntactically, we are allowed to define the concrete type if:
let res = hir_id == scope;
trace!(
"may_define_opaque_type(def={:?}, opaque_node={:?}) = {}",
tcx.hir().find(hir_id),
tcx.hir().get(opaque_hir_id),
res
);
res
}
/// Given a set of predicates that apply to an object type, returns
/// the region bounds that the (erased) `Self` type must
/// outlive. Precisely *because* the `Self` type is erased, the

1
compiler/rustc_typeck/src/check/_match.rs
View File

@ -6,7 +6,6 @@ use rustc_infer::infer::type_variable::{TypeVariableOrigin, TypeVariableOriginKi
use rustc_infer::traits::Obligation;
use rustc_middle::ty::{self, ToPredicate, Ty, TyS};
use rustc_span::{MultiSpan, Span};
use rustc_trait_selection::opaque_types::InferCtxtExt as _;
use rustc_trait_selection::traits::query::evaluate_obligation::InferCtxtExt;
use rustc_trait_selection::traits::{
IfExpressionCause, MatchExpressionArmCause, ObligationCause, ObligationCauseCode,

1
compiler/rustc_typeck/src/check/check.rs
View File

@ -21,7 +21,6 @@ use rustc_session::lint::builtin::{UNINHABITED_STATIC, UNSUPPORTED_CALLING_CONVE
use rustc_span::symbol::sym;
use rustc_span::{self, MultiSpan, Span};
use rustc_target::spec::abi::Abi;
use rustc_trait_selection::opaque_types::InferCtxtExt as _;
use rustc_trait_selection::traits;
use rustc_trait_selection::traits::error_reporting::InferCtxtExt as _;
use rustc_ty_utils::representability::{self, Representability};

1
compiler/rustc_typeck/src/check/fn_ctxt/_impl.rs
View File

@ -35,7 +35,6 @@ use rustc_span::source_map::{original_sp, DUMMY_SP};
use rustc_span::symbol::{kw, sym, Ident};
use rustc_span::{self, BytePos, MultiSpan, Span};
use rustc_trait_selection::infer::InferCtxtExt as _;
use rustc_trait_selection::opaque_types::InferCtxtExt as _;
use rustc_trait_selection::traits::error_reporting::InferCtxtExt as _;
use rustc_trait_selection::traits::{
self, ObligationCause, ObligationCauseCode, StatementAsExpression, TraitEngine, TraitEngineExt,

3
compiler/rustc_typeck/src/check/regionck.rs
View File

@ -88,7 +88,6 @@ use rustc_middle::hir::place::{PlaceBase, PlaceWithHirId};
use rustc_middle::ty::adjustment;
use rustc_middle::ty::{self, Ty};
use rustc_span::Span;
use rustc_trait_selection::opaque_types::InferCtxtExt as _;
use std::ops::Deref;
// a variation on try that just returns unit
@ -340,8 +339,6 @@ impl<'a, 'tcx> RegionCtxt<'a, 'tcx> {
self.link_fn_params(body.params);
self.visit_body(body);
self.visit_region_obligations(body_id.hir_id);
self.constrain_opaque_types();
}
fn visit_region_obligations(&mut self, hir_id: hir::HirId) {