Rollup merge of #120116 - the8472:only-same-alignments, r=cuviper

Remove alignment-changing in-place collect

This removes the alignment-changing in-place collect optimization introduced in #110353
Currently stable users can't benefit from the optimization because GlobaAlloc doesn't support alignment-changing realloc and neither do most posix allocators. So in practice it has a negative impact on performance.

Explanation from https://github.com/rust-lang/rust/issues/120091#issuecomment-1899071681:

> > You mention that in case of alignment mismatch -- when the new alignment is less than the old -- the implementation calls `mremap`.
>
> I was trying to note that this isn't really the case in practice, due to the semantics of Rust's allocator APIs. The only use of the allocator within the `in_place_collect` implementation itself is [a call to `Allocator::shrink()`](db7125f008/library/alloc/src/vec/in_place_collect.rs (L299-L303)), which per its documentation [allows decreasing the required alignment](https://doc.rust-lang.org/1.75.0/core/alloc/trait.Allocator.html). However, in stable Rust, the only available `Allocator` is [`Global`](https://doc.rust-lang.org/1.75.0/alloc/alloc/struct.Global.html), which delegates to the registered `GlobalAlloc`. Since `GlobalAlloc::realloc()` [cannot change the required alignment](https://doc.rust-lang.org/1.75.0/core/alloc/trait.GlobalAlloc.html#method.realloc), the implementation of [`<Global as Allocator>::shrink()`](db7125f008/library/alloc/src/alloc.rs (L280-L321)) must fall back to creating a brand-new allocation, `memcpy`ing the data into it, and freeing the old allocation, whenever the alignment doesn't remain exactly the same.
>
> Therefore, the underlying allocator, provided by libc or some other source, has no opportunity to internally `mremap()` the data when the alignment is changed, since it has no way of knowing that the allocation is the same.

library/alloc/src/vec/in_place_collect.rs

@@ -168,7 +168,9 @@ const fn in_place_collectible<DEST, SRC>(
     step_merge: Option<NonZeroUsize>,
     step_expand: Option<NonZeroUsize>,
 ) -> bool {
-    if const { SRC::IS_ZST || DEST::IS_ZST || mem::align_of::<SRC>() < mem::align_of::<DEST>() } {
+    // Require matching alignments because an alignment-changing realloc is inefficient on many
+    // system allocators and better implementations would require the unstable Allocator trait.
+    if const { SRC::IS_ZST || DEST::IS_ZST || mem::align_of::<SRC>() != mem::align_of::<DEST>() } {
         return false;
     }
 
@@ -188,7 +190,8 @@ const fn in_place_collectible<DEST, SRC>(
 
 const fn needs_realloc<SRC, DEST>(src_cap: usize, dst_cap: usize) -> bool {
     if const { mem::align_of::<SRC>() != mem::align_of::<DEST>() } {
-        return src_cap > 0;
+        // FIXME: use unreachable! once that works in const
+        panic!("in_place_collectible() prevents this");
     }
 
     // If src type size is an integer multiple of the destination type size then
@@ -276,8 +279,8 @@ where
         let dst_guard = InPlaceDstBufDrop { ptr: dst_buf, len, cap: dst_cap };
         src.forget_allocation_drop_remaining();
 
-        // Adjust the allocation if the alignment didn't match or the source had a capacity in bytes
-        // that wasn't a multiple of the destination type size.
+        // Adjust the allocation if the source had a capacity in bytes that wasn't a multiple
+        // of the destination type size.
         // Since the discrepancy should generally be small this should only result in some
         // bookkeeping updates and no memmove.
         if needs_realloc::<I::Src, T>(src_cap, dst_cap) {
@@ -290,7 +293,7 @@ where
                 let src_size = mem::size_of::<I::Src>().unchecked_mul(src_cap);
                 let old_layout = Layout::from_size_align_unchecked(src_size, src_align);
 
-                // The must be equal or smaller for in-place iteration to be possible
+                // The allocation must be equal or smaller for in-place iteration to be possible
                 // therefore the new layout must be ≤ the old one and therefore valid.
                 let dst_align = mem::align_of::<T>();
                 let dst_size = mem::size_of::<T>().unchecked_mul(dst_cap);

library/alloc/src/vec/spec_from_iter.rs

@@ -13,13 +13,13 @@ use super::{IntoIter, SpecExtend, SpecFromIterNested, Vec};
 /// +-+-----------+
 ///   |
 ///   v
-/// +-+-------------------------------+  +---------------------+
-/// |SpecFromIter                  +---->+SpecFromIterNested   |
-/// |where I:                      |  |  |where I:             |
-/// |  Iterator (default)----------+  |  |  Iterator (default) |
-/// |  vec::IntoIter               |  |  |  TrustedLen         |
-/// |  SourceIterMarker---fallback-+  |  +---------------------+
-/// +---------------------------------+
+/// +-+---------------------------------+  +---------------------+
+/// |SpecFromIter                    +---->+SpecFromIterNested   |
+/// |where I:                        |  |  |where I:             |
+/// |  Iterator (default)------------+  |  |  Iterator (default) |
+/// |  vec::IntoIter                 |  |  |  TrustedLen         |
+/// |  InPlaceCollect--(fallback to)-+  |  +---------------------+
+/// +-----------------------------------+
 /// ```
 pub(super) trait SpecFromIter<T, I> {
     fn from_iter(iter: I) -> Self;