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Rollup merge of #106453 - coastalwhite:master, r=GuillaumeGomez
Improve include macro documentation
As outlined in #106118, the `include!` macro is a SEO problem when it comes to the Rust documentation. Beginners may see it as a replacement to `include` syntax in other languages. I feel like this documentation should quite explicitly link to the modules' documentation.
The primary goal of this PR is to address that issue by adding a warning to the documentation. While I was here, I also added some other parts. This included a `Uses` section and some (intra doc) links to other relevant topics.
I hope this can help beginners to Rust more quickly understand some multi-file project intricacies.
# References
- Syntax for the warning: 58accc6da3/tracing/src/lib.rs (L55)
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@ -1315,22 +1315,41 @@ pub(crate) mod builtin {
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/// Parses a file as an expression or an item according to the context.
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///
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/// The file is located relative to the current file (similarly to how
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/// modules are found). The provided path is interpreted in a platform-specific
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/// way at compile time. So, for instance, an invocation with a Windows path
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/// containing backslashes `\` would not compile correctly on Unix.
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/// **Warning**: For multi-file Rust projects, the `include!` macro is probably not what you
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/// are looking for. Usually, multi-file Rust projects use
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/// [modules](https://doc.rust-lang.org/reference/items/modules.html). Multi-file projects and
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/// modules are explained in the Rust-by-Example book
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/// [here](https://doc.rust-lang.org/rust-by-example/mod/split.html) and the module system is
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/// explained in the Rust Book
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/// [here](https://doc.rust-lang.org/book/ch07-02-defining-modules-to-control-scope-and-privacy.html).
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///
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/// Using this macro is often a bad idea, because if the file is
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/// parsed as an expression, it is going to be placed in the
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/// surrounding code unhygienically. This could result in variables
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/// or functions being different from what the file expected if
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/// there are variables or functions that have the same name in
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/// the current file.
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/// The included file is placed in the surrounding code
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/// [unhygienically](https://doc.rust-lang.org/reference/macros-by-example.html#hygiene). If
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/// the included file is parsed as an expression and variables or functions share names across
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/// both files, it could result in variables or functions being different from what the
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/// included file expected.
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///
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/// The included file is located relative to the current file (similarly to how modules are
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/// found). The provided path is interpreted in a platform-specific way at compile time. So,
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/// for instance, an invocation with a Windows path containing backslashes `\` would not
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/// compile correctly on Unix.
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///
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/// # Uses
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///
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/// The `include!` macro is primarily used for two purposes. It is used to include
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/// documentation that is written in a separate file and it is used to include [build artifacts
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/// usually as a result from the `build.rs`
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/// script](https://doc.rust-lang.org/cargo/reference/build-scripts.html#outputs-of-the-build-script).
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///
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/// When using the `include` macro to include stretches of documentation, remember that the
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/// included file still needs to be a valid rust syntax. It is also possible to
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/// use the [`include_str`] macro as `#![doc = include_str!("...")]` (at the module level) or
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/// `#[doc = include_str!("...")]` (at the item level) to include documentation from a plain
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/// text or markdown file.
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///
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/// # Examples
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///
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/// Assume there are two files in the same directory with the following
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/// contents:
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/// Assume there are two files in the same directory with the following contents:
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///
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/// File 'monkeys.in':
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///
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