Auto merge of #121421 - saethlin:smarter-mono, r=oli-obk

Avoid lowering code under dead SwitchInt targets

The objective of this PR is to detect and eliminate code which is guarded by an `if false`, even if that `false` is a constant which is not known until monomorphization, or is `intrinsics::debug_assertions()`.

The effect of this is that we generate no LLVM IR the standard library's unsafe preconditions, when they are compiled in a build where they should be immediately optimized out. This mono-time optimization ensures that builds which disable debug assertions do not grow a linkage requirement against `core`, which compiler-builtins currently needs: https://github.com/rust-lang/rust/issues/121552

This revives the codegen side of https://github.com/rust-lang/rust/pull/91222 as planned in https://github.com/rust-lang/rust/issues/120848.

compiler/rustc_codegen_ssa/src/mir/block.rs

@@ -1237,6 +1237,16 @@ impl<'a, 'tcx, Bx: BuilderMethods<'a, 'tcx>> FunctionCx<'a, 'tcx, Bx> {
         }
     }
 
+    pub fn codegen_block_as_unreachable(&mut self, bb: mir::BasicBlock) {
+        let llbb = match self.try_llbb(bb) {
+            Some(llbb) => llbb,
+            None => return,
+        };
+        let bx = &mut Bx::build(self.cx, llbb);
+        debug!("codegen_block_as_unreachable({:?})", bb);
+        bx.unreachable();
+    }
+
     fn codegen_terminator(
         &mut self,
         bx: &mut Bx,

compiler/rustc_codegen_ssa/src/mir/mod.rs

@@ -256,13 +256,22 @@ pub fn codegen_mir<'a, 'tcx, Bx: BuilderMethods<'a, 'tcx>>(
     // Apply debuginfo to the newly allocated locals.
     fx.debug_introduce_locals(&mut start_bx);
 
+    let reachable_blocks = mir.reachable_blocks_in_mono(cx.tcx(), instance);
+
     // The builders will be created separately for each basic block at `codegen_block`.
     // So drop the builder of `start_llbb` to avoid having two at the same time.
     drop(start_bx);
 
     // Codegen the body of each block using reverse postorder
     for (bb, _) in traversal::reverse_postorder(mir) {
-        fx.codegen_block(bb);
+        if reachable_blocks.contains(bb) {
+            fx.codegen_block(bb);
+        } else {
+            // This may have references to things we didn't monomorphize, so we
+            // don't actually codegen the body. We still create the block so
+            // terminators in other blocks can reference it without worry.
+            fx.codegen_block_as_unreachable(bb);
+        }
     }
 }
 

compiler/rustc_middle/src/mir/mod.rs

@@ -10,7 +10,7 @@ use crate::ty::print::{pretty_print_const, with_no_trimmed_paths};
 use crate::ty::print::{FmtPrinter, Printer};
 use crate::ty::visit::TypeVisitableExt;
 use crate::ty::{self, List, Ty, TyCtxt};
-use crate::ty::{AdtDef, InstanceDef, UserTypeAnnotationIndex};
+use crate::ty::{AdtDef, Instance, InstanceDef, UserTypeAnnotationIndex};
 use crate::ty::{GenericArg, GenericArgsRef};
 
 use rustc_data_structures::captures::Captures;
@@ -27,6 +27,8 @@ pub use rustc_ast::Mutability;
 use rustc_data_structures::fx::FxHashMap;
 use rustc_data_structures::fx::FxHashSet;
 use rustc_data_structures::graph::dominators::Dominators;
+use rustc_data_structures::stack::ensure_sufficient_stack;
+use rustc_index::bit_set::BitSet;
 use rustc_index::{Idx, IndexSlice, IndexVec};
 use rustc_serialize::{Decodable, Encodable};
 use rustc_span::symbol::Symbol;
@@ -640,6 +642,129 @@ impl<'tcx> Body<'tcx> {
         self.injection_phase.is_some()
     }
 
+    /// Finds which basic blocks are actually reachable for a specific
+    /// monomorphization of this body.
+    ///
+    /// This is allowed to have false positives; just because this says a block
+    /// is reachable doesn't mean that's necessarily true. It's thus always
+    /// legal for this to return a filled set.
+    ///
+    /// Regardless, the [`BitSet::domain_size`] of the returned set will always
+    /// exactly match the number of blocks in the body so that `contains`
+    /// checks can be done without worrying about panicking.
+    ///
+    /// This is mostly useful because it lets us skip lowering the `false` side
+    /// of `if <T as Trait>::CONST`, as well as `intrinsics::debug_assertions`.
+    pub fn reachable_blocks_in_mono(
+        &self,
+        tcx: TyCtxt<'tcx>,
+        instance: Instance<'tcx>,
+    ) -> BitSet<BasicBlock> {
+        let mut set = BitSet::new_empty(self.basic_blocks.len());
+        self.reachable_blocks_in_mono_from(tcx, instance, &mut set, START_BLOCK);
+        set
+    }
+
+    fn reachable_blocks_in_mono_from(
+        &self,
+        tcx: TyCtxt<'tcx>,
+        instance: Instance<'tcx>,
+        set: &mut BitSet<BasicBlock>,
+        bb: BasicBlock,
+    ) {
+        if !set.insert(bb) {
+            return;
+        }
+
+        let data = &self.basic_blocks[bb];
+
+        if let Some((bits, targets)) = Self::try_const_mono_switchint(tcx, instance, data) {
+            let target = targets.target_for_value(bits);
+            ensure_sufficient_stack(|| {
+                self.reachable_blocks_in_mono_from(tcx, instance, set, target)
+            });
+            return;
+        }
+
+        for target in data.terminator().successors() {
+            ensure_sufficient_stack(|| {
+                self.reachable_blocks_in_mono_from(tcx, instance, set, target)
+            });
+        }
+    }
+
+    /// If this basic block ends with a [`TerminatorKind::SwitchInt`] for which we can evaluate the
+    /// dimscriminant in monomorphization, we return the discriminant bits and the
+    /// [`SwitchTargets`], just so the caller doesn't also have to match on the terminator.
+    fn try_const_mono_switchint<'a>(
+        tcx: TyCtxt<'tcx>,
+        instance: Instance<'tcx>,
+        block: &'a BasicBlockData<'tcx>,
+    ) -> Option<(u128, &'a SwitchTargets)> {
+        // There are two places here we need to evaluate a constant.
+        let eval_mono_const = |constant: &ConstOperand<'tcx>| {
+            let env = ty::ParamEnv::reveal_all();
+            let mono_literal = instance.instantiate_mir_and_normalize_erasing_regions(
+                tcx,
+                env,
+                crate::ty::EarlyBinder::bind(constant.const_),
+            );
+            let Some(bits) = mono_literal.try_eval_bits(tcx, env) else {
+                bug!("Couldn't evaluate constant {:?} in mono {:?}", constant, instance);
+            };
+            bits
+        };
+
+        let TerminatorKind::SwitchInt { discr, targets } = &block.terminator().kind else {
+            return None;
+        };
+
+        // If this is a SwitchInt(const _), then we can just evaluate the constant and return.
+        let discr = match discr {
+            Operand::Constant(constant) => {
+                let bits = eval_mono_const(constant);
+                return Some((bits, targets));
+            }
+            Operand::Move(place) | Operand::Copy(place) => place,
+        };
+
+        // MIR for `if false` actually looks like this:
+        // _1 = const _
+        // SwitchInt(_1)
+        //
+        // And MIR for if intrinsics::debug_assertions() looks like this:
+        // _1 = cfg!(debug_assertions)
+        // SwitchInt(_1)
+        //
+        // So we're going to try to recognize this pattern.
+        //
+        // If we have a SwitchInt on a non-const place, we find the most recent statement that
+        // isn't a storage marker. If that statement is an assignment of a const to our
+        // discriminant place, we evaluate and return the const, as if we've const-propagated it
+        // into the SwitchInt.
+
+        let last_stmt = block.statements.iter().rev().find(|stmt| {
+            !matches!(stmt.kind, StatementKind::StorageDead(_) | StatementKind::StorageLive(_))
+        })?;
+
+        let (place, rvalue) = last_stmt.kind.as_assign()?;
+
+        if discr != place {
+            return None;
+        }
+
+        match rvalue {
+            Rvalue::NullaryOp(NullOp::UbCheck(_), _) => {
+                Some((tcx.sess.opts.debug_assertions as u128, targets))
+            }
+            Rvalue::Use(Operand::Constant(constant)) => {
+                let bits = eval_mono_const(constant);
+                Some((bits, targets))
+            }
+            _ => None,
+        }
+    }
+
     /// For a `Location` in this scope, determine what the "caller location" at that point is. This
     /// is interesting because of inlining: the `#[track_caller]` attribute of inlined functions
     /// must be honored. Falls back to the `tracked_caller` value for `#[track_caller]` functions,

compiler/rustc_middle/src/mir/traversal.rs

@@ -1,5 +1,3 @@
-use rustc_index::bit_set::BitSet;
-
 use super::*;
 
 /// Preorder traversal of a graph.

tests/codegen/precondition-checks.rs

@@ -0,0 +1,27 @@
+//@ compile-flags: -Cno-prepopulate-passes -Copt-level=0 -Cdebug-assertions=no
+
+// This test ensures that in a debug build which turns off debug assertions, we do not monomorphize
+// any of the standard library's unsafe precondition checks.
+// The naive codegen of those checks contains the actual check underneath an `if false`, which
+// could be optimized out if optimizations are enabled. But if we rely on optimizations to remove
+// panic branches, then we can't link compiler_builtins without optimizing it, which means that
+// -Zbuild-std doesn't work with -Copt-level=0.
+//
+// In other words, this tests for a mandatory optimization.
+
+#![crate_type = "lib"]
+
+use std::ptr::NonNull;
+
+// CHECK-LABEL: ; core::ptr::non_null::NonNull<T>::new_unchecked
+// CHECK-NOT: call
+// CHECK: }
+
+// CHECK-LABEL: @nonnull_new
+#[no_mangle]
+pub unsafe fn nonnull_new(ptr: *mut u8) -> NonNull<u8> {
+    // CHECK: ; call core::ptr::non_null::NonNull<T>::new_unchecked
+    unsafe {
+        NonNull::new_unchecked(ptr)
+    }
+}

tests/codegen/skip-mono-inside-if-false.rs

@@ -0,0 +1,41 @@
+//@ compile-flags: -Cno-prepopulate-passes -Copt-level=0
+
+#![crate_type = "lib"]
+
+#[no_mangle]
+pub fn demo_for_i32() {
+    generic_impl::<i32>();
+}
+
+// Two important things here:
+// - We replace the "then" block with `unreachable` to avoid linking problems
+// - We neither declare nor define the `big_impl` that said block "calls".
+
+// CHECK-LABEL: ; skip_mono_inside_if_false::generic_impl
+// CHECK: start:
+// CHECK-NEXT: br label %[[ELSE_BRANCH:bb[0-9]+]]
+// CHECK: [[ELSE_BRANCH]]:
+// CHECK-NEXT: call skip_mono_inside_if_false::small_impl
+// CHECK: bb{{[0-9]+}}:
+// CHECK-NEXT: ret void
+// CHECK: bb{{[0-9+]}}:
+// CHECK-NEXT: unreachable
+
+fn generic_impl<T>() {
+    trait MagicTrait {
+        const IS_BIG: bool;
+    }
+    impl<T> MagicTrait for T {
+        const IS_BIG: bool = std::mem::size_of::<T>() > 10;
+    }
+    if T::IS_BIG {
+        big_impl::<T>();
+    } else {
+        small_impl::<T>();
+    }
+}
+
+#[inline(never)]
+fn small_impl<T>() {}
+#[inline(never)]
+fn big_impl<T>() {}