diff --git a/compiler/rustc_error_messages/locales/en-US/middle.ftl b/compiler/rustc_error_messages/locales/en-US/middle.ftl
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..ed834886453
--- /dev/null
+++ b/compiler/rustc_error_messages/locales/en-US/middle.ftl
@@ -0,0 +1,17 @@
+middle_drop_check_overflow =
+    overflow while adding drop-check rules for {$ty}
+    .note = overflowed on {$overflow_ty}
+
+middle_opaque_hidden_type_mismatch =
+    concrete type differs from previous defining opaque type use
+    .label = expected `{$self_ty}`, got `{$other_ty}`
+
+middle_conflict_types =
+    this expression supplies two conflicting concrete types for the same opaque type
+
+middle_previous_use_here =
+    previous use here
+
+middle_limit_invalid =
+    `limit` must be a non-negative integer
+    .label = {$error_str}
diff --git a/compiler/rustc_error_messages/src/lib.rs b/compiler/rustc_error_messages/src/lib.rs
index 5281a287b0d..b6e0f3faa73 100644
--- a/compiler/rustc_error_messages/src/lib.rs
+++ b/compiler/rustc_error_messages/src/lib.rs
@@ -47,6 +47,7 @@ fluent_messages! {
     interface => "../locales/en-US/interface.ftl",
     infer => "../locales/en-US/infer.ftl",
     lint => "../locales/en-US/lint.ftl",
+    middle => "../locales/en-US/middle.ftl",
     monomorphize => "../locales/en-US/monomorphize.ftl",
     metadata => "../locales/en-US/metadata.ftl",
     parser => "../locales/en-US/parser.ftl",
diff --git a/compiler/rustc_middle/src/error.rs b/compiler/rustc_middle/src/error.rs
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..18b31a75bcc
--- /dev/null
+++ b/compiler/rustc_middle/src/error.rs
@@ -0,0 +1,50 @@
+use rustc_macros::SessionDiagnostic;
+use rustc_span::Span;
+
+use crate::ty::Ty;
+
+#[derive(SessionDiagnostic)]
+#[diag(middle::drop_check_overflow, code = "E0320")]
+#[note]
+pub struct DropCheckOverflow<'tcx> {
+    #[primary_span]
+    pub span: Span,
+    pub ty: Ty<'tcx>,
+    pub overflow_ty: Ty<'tcx>,
+}
+
+#[derive(SessionDiagnostic)]
+#[diag(middle::opaque_hidden_type_mismatch)]
+pub struct OpaqueHiddenTypeMismatch<'tcx> {
+    pub self_ty: Ty<'tcx>,
+    pub other_ty: Ty<'tcx>,
+    #[primary_span]
+    #[label]
+    pub other_span: Span,
+    #[subdiagnostic]
+    pub sub: TypeMismatchReason,
+}
+
+#[derive(SessionSubdiagnostic)]
+pub enum TypeMismatchReason {
+    #[label(middle::conflict_types)]
+    ConflictType {
+        #[primary_span]
+        span: Span,
+    },
+    #[note(middle::previous_use_here)]
+    PreviousUse {
+        #[primary_span]
+        span: Span,
+    },
+}
+
+#[derive(SessionDiagnostic)]
+#[diag(middle::limit_invalid)]
+pub struct LimitInvalid<'a> {
+    #[primary_span]
+    pub span: Span,
+    #[label]
+    pub value_span: Span,
+    pub error_str: &'a str,
+}
diff --git a/compiler/rustc_middle/src/lib.rs b/compiler/rustc_middle/src/lib.rs
index be9e5865e54..1e3a6bcfc7d 100644
--- a/compiler/rustc_middle/src/lib.rs
+++ b/compiler/rustc_middle/src/lib.rs
@@ -86,6 +86,7 @@ pub mod query;
 pub mod arena;
 #[macro_use]
 pub mod dep_graph;
+pub(crate) mod error;
 pub mod hir;
 pub mod infer;
 pub mod lint;
diff --git a/compiler/rustc_middle/src/middle/limits.rs b/compiler/rustc_middle/src/middle/limits.rs
index acced0492ef..53c4d926784 100644
--- a/compiler/rustc_middle/src/middle/limits.rs
+++ b/compiler/rustc_middle/src/middle/limits.rs
@@ -10,6 +10,7 @@
 //! just peeks and looks for that attribute.
 
 use crate::bug;
+use crate::error::LimitInvalid;
 use crate::ty;
 use rustc_ast::Attribute;
 use rustc_session::Session;
@@ -56,9 +57,6 @@ fn get_limit(krate_attrs: &[Attribute], sess: &Session, name: Symbol, default: u
             match s.as_str().parse() {
                 Ok(n) => return Limit::new(n),
                 Err(e) => {
-                    let mut err =
-                        sess.struct_span_err(attr.span, "`limit` must be a non-negative integer");
-
                     let value_span = attr
                         .meta()
                         .and_then(|meta| meta.name_value_literal_span())
@@ -74,9 +72,7 @@ fn get_limit(krate_attrs: &[Attribute], sess: &Session, name: Symbol, default: u
                         IntErrorKind::Zero => bug!("zero is a valid `limit`"),
                         kind => bug!("unimplemented IntErrorKind variant: {:?}", kind),
                     };
-
-                    err.span_label(value_span, error_str);
-                    err.emit();
+                    sess.emit_err(LimitInvalid { span: attr.span, value_span, error_str });
                 }
             }
         }
diff --git a/compiler/rustc_middle/src/traits/query.rs b/compiler/rustc_middle/src/traits/query.rs
index 1f9b474ade1..0e6cacb9fd0 100644
--- a/compiler/rustc_middle/src/traits/query.rs
+++ b/compiler/rustc_middle/src/traits/query.rs
@@ -5,11 +5,11 @@
 //! The providers for the queries defined here can be found in
 //! `rustc_traits`.
 
+use crate::error::DropCheckOverflow;
 use crate::infer::canonical::{Canonical, QueryResponse};
 use crate::ty::error::TypeError;
 use crate::ty::subst::GenericArg;
 use crate::ty::{self, Ty, TyCtxt};
-use rustc_errors::struct_span_err;
 use rustc_span::source_map::Span;
 use std::iter::FromIterator;
 
@@ -117,15 +117,7 @@ pub struct DropckOutlivesResult<'tcx> {
 impl<'tcx> DropckOutlivesResult<'tcx> {
     pub fn report_overflows(&self, tcx: TyCtxt<'tcx>, span: Span, ty: Ty<'tcx>) {
         if let Some(overflow_ty) = self.overflows.get(0) {
-            let mut err = struct_span_err!(
-                tcx.sess,
-                span,
-                E0320,
-                "overflow while adding drop-check rules for {}",
-                ty,
-            );
-            err.note(&format!("overflowed on {}", overflow_ty));
-            err.emit();
+            tcx.sess.emit_err(DropCheckOverflow { span, ty, overflow_ty: *overflow_ty });
         }
     }
 
diff --git a/compiler/rustc_middle/src/ty/mod.rs b/compiler/rustc_middle/src/ty/mod.rs
index 1312a146796..a3f7880b9a5 100644
--- a/compiler/rustc_middle/src/ty/mod.rs
+++ b/compiler/rustc_middle/src/ty/mod.rs
@@ -15,6 +15,7 @@ pub use self::AssocItemContainer::*;
 pub use self::BorrowKind::*;
 pub use self::IntVarValue::*;
 pub use self::Variance::*;
+use crate::error::{OpaqueHiddenTypeMismatch, TypeMismatchReason};
 use crate::metadata::ModChild;
 use crate::middle::privacy::AccessLevels;
 use crate::mir::{Body, GeneratorLayout};
@@ -1179,20 +1180,17 @@ pub struct OpaqueHiddenType<'tcx> {
 impl<'tcx> OpaqueHiddenType<'tcx> {
     pub fn report_mismatch(&self, other: &Self, tcx: TyCtxt<'tcx>) {
         // Found different concrete types for the opaque type.
-        let mut err = tcx.sess.struct_span_err(
-            other.span,
-            "concrete type differs from previous defining opaque type use",
-        );
-        err.span_label(other.span, format!("expected `{}`, got `{}`", self.ty, other.ty));
-        if self.span == other.span {
-            err.span_label(
-                self.span,
-                "this expression supplies two conflicting concrete types for the same opaque type",
-            );
+        let sub_diag = if self.span == other.span {
+            TypeMismatchReason::ConflictType { span: self.span }
         } else {
-            err.span_note(self.span, "previous use here");
-        }
-        err.emit();
+            TypeMismatchReason::PreviousUse { span: self.span }
+        };
+        tcx.sess.emit_err(OpaqueHiddenTypeMismatch {
+            self_ty: self.ty,
+            other_ty: other.ty,
+            other_span: other.span,
+            sub: sub_diag,
+        });
     }
 }