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tutorial: Discuss the primitive types along with their literals

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Brian Anderson 2012-12-20 03:43:20 -08:00
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doc/tutorial.md
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@ -249,7 +249,7 @@ let my_variable = 100;
type MyType = int; // some built-in types are _not_ camel case
~~~
## Expression syntax
## Expressions and semicolons
Though it isn't apparent in all code, there is a fundamental
difference between Rust's syntax and predecessors like C.
@ -308,12 +308,14 @@ fn is_four(x: int) -> bool {
}
~~~~
## Literals
## Primitive types and literals
There are general signed and unsigned integer types, `int`, and `uint`,
as well as 8-, 16-, 32-, and 64-bit variations, `i8`, `u16`, etc.
Integers can be written in decimal (`144`), hexadecimal (`0x90`), or
binary (`0b10010000`) base. Each integral type has a corresponding literal
suffix that can be used to indicate the type of a literal: `i` for `int`,
`u` for `uint`, and `i8` for the `i8` type, etc.
`u` for `uint`, `i8` for the `i8` type.
In the absence of an integer literal suffix, Rust will infer the
integer type based on type annotations and function signatures in the
@ -328,19 +330,21 @@ let c = 100u; // c is a uint
let d = 1000i32; // d is an i32
~~~~
Floating point numbers are written `0.0`, `1e6`, or `2.1e-4`. Without
a suffix, the literal is assumed to be of type `float`. Suffixes `f32`
(32-bit) and `f64` (64-bit) can be used to create literals of a
specific type.
There are three floating point types, `float`, `f32`, and `f64`.
Floating point numbers are written `0.0`, `1e6`, or `2.1e-4`.
Like integers, floating point literals are inferred to the correct type.
Suffixes `f`, `f32` and `f64` can be used to create literals of a specific type.
The unit literal is written just like the type: `()`. The keywords
`true` and `false` produce the boolean literals.
The keywords `true` and `false` produce literals of type `bool`.
Character literals are written between single quotes, as in `'x'`. Just like
C, Rust understands a number of character escapes, using the backslash
Characters, the `char` type, are 4-byte unicode codepoints,
whose literals are written between single quotes, as in `'x'`.
Just like C, Rust understands a number of character escapes, using the backslash
character, such as `\n`, `\r`, and `\t`. String literals,
written between double quotes, allow the same escape sequences. Rust strings
may contain newlines.
written between double quotes, allow the same escape sequences.
More on strings [later](#vectors-and-strings).
The nil type, written `()`, has a single value, also written `()`.
## Operators