diff --git a/pkgs/applications/editors/rstudio/default.nix b/pkgs/applications/editors/rstudio/default.nix
index 62c3a93f76b4..d703198fa775 100644
--- a/pkgs/applications/editors/rstudio/default.nix
+++ b/pkgs/applications/editors/rstudio/default.nix
@@ -1,4 +1,5 @@
 { lib
+, stdenv
 , mkDerivation
 , fetchurl
 , fetchpatch
@@ -30,6 +31,9 @@
 , nodejs
 , mkYarnModules
 , qmake
+, server ? false # build server version
+, sqlite
+, pam
 }:
 
 let
@@ -61,149 +65,165 @@ let
   panmirrorModules = mkYarnModules {
     inherit pname version;
     packageJSON = ./package.json;
-    yarnLock =  ./yarn.lock;
+    yarnLock = ./yarn.lock;
     yarnNix = ./yarndeps.nix;
   };
 
+  description = "Set of integrated tools for the R language";
 in
-mkDerivation rec {
-  inherit pname version src RSTUDIO_VERSION_MAJOR RSTUDIO_VERSION_MINOR RSTUDIO_VERSION_PATCH;
+(if server then stdenv.mkDerivation else mkDerivation)
+  (rec {
+    inherit pname version src RSTUDIO_VERSION_MAJOR RSTUDIO_VERSION_MINOR RSTUDIO_VERSION_PATCH;
 
-  nativeBuildInputs = [
-    cmake
-    unzip
-    ant
-    jdk
-    makeWrapper
-    pandoc
-    nodejs
-    copyDesktopItems
-  ];
+    nativeBuildInputs = [
+      cmake
+      unzip
+      ant
+      jdk
+      makeWrapper
+      pandoc
+      nodejs
+    ] ++ lib.optional (!server) [
+      copyDesktopItems
+    ];
 
-  buildInputs = [
-    boost
-    zlib
-    openssl
-    R
-    qtbase
-    qtxmlpatterns
-    qtsensors
-    qtwebengine
-    qtwebchannel
-    libuuid
-    libyamlcpp
-    soci
-    postgresql
-  ];
+    buildInputs = [
+      boost
+      zlib
+      openssl
+      R
+      libuuid
+      libyamlcpp
+      soci
+      postgresql
+    ] ++ (if server then [
+      sqlite.dev
+      pam
+    ] else [
+      qtbase
+      qtxmlpatterns
+      qtsensors
+      qtwebengine
+      qtwebchannel
+    ]);
 
-  cmakeFlags = [
-    "-DRSTUDIO_TARGET=Desktop"
-    "-DCMAKE_BUILD_TYPE=Release"
-    "-DQT_QMAKE_EXECUTABLE=${qmake}/bin/qmake"
-    "-DRSTUDIO_USE_SYSTEM_SOCI=ON"
-    "-DRSTUDIO_USE_SYSTEM_BOOST=ON"
-    "-DRSTUDIO_USE_SYSTEM_YAML_CPP=ON"
-    "-DPANDOC_VERSION=${pandoc.version}"
-    "-DCMAKE_INSTALL_PREFIX=${placeholder "out"}/lib/rstudio"
-  ];
+    cmakeFlags = [
+      "-DRSTUDIO_TARGET=${if server then "Server" else "Desktop"}"
+      "-DCMAKE_BUILD_TYPE=Release"
+      "-DRSTUDIO_USE_SYSTEM_SOCI=ON"
+      "-DRSTUDIO_USE_SYSTEM_BOOST=ON"
+      "-DRSTUDIO_USE_SYSTEM_YAML_CPP=ON"
+      "-DPANDOC_VERSION=${pandoc.version}"
+      "-DCMAKE_INSTALL_PREFIX=${placeholder "out"}/lib/rstudio"
+    ] ++ lib.optional (!server) [
+      "-DQT_QMAKE_EXECUTABLE=${qmake}/bin/qmake"
+    ];
 
-  # Hack RStudio to only use the input R and provided libclang.
-  patches = [
-    ./r-location.patch
-    ./clang-location.patch
-    # postFetch doesn't work with this | error: unexpected end-of-file
-    # replacing /usr/bin/node is done in postPatch
-    # https://src.fedoraproject.org/rpms/rstudio/tree/rawhide
-    (fetchpatch {
-      name = "system-node.patch";
-      url = "https://src.fedoraproject.org/rpms/rstudio/raw/5bda2e290c9e72305582f2011040938d3e356906/f/0004-use-system-node.patch";
-      sha256 = "sha256-P1Y07RB/ceFNa749nyBUWSE41eiiZgt43zVcmahvfZM=";
-    })
-  ];
+    # Hack RStudio to only use the input R and provided libclang.
+    patches = [
+      ./r-location.patch
+      ./clang-location.patch
+      # postFetch doesn't work with this | error: unexpected end-of-file
+      # replacing /usr/bin/node is done in postPatch
+      # https://src.fedoraproject.org/rpms/rstudio/tree/rawhide
+      (fetchpatch {
+        name = "system-node.patch";
+        url = "https://src.fedoraproject.org/rpms/rstudio/raw/5bda2e290c9e72305582f2011040938d3e356906/f/0004-use-system-node.patch";
+        sha256 = "sha256-P1Y07RB/ceFNa749nyBUWSE41eiiZgt43zVcmahvfZM=";
+      })
+    ];
 
-  postPatch = ''
-    substituteInPlace src/cpp/core/r_util/REnvironmentPosix.cpp --replace '@R@' ${R}
+    postPatch = ''
+      substituteInPlace src/cpp/core/r_util/REnvironmentPosix.cpp --replace '@R@' ${R}
 
-    substituteInPlace src/cpp/CMakeLists.txt \
-      --replace 'SOCI_LIBRARY_DIR "/usr/lib"' 'SOCI_LIBRARY_DIR "${soci}/lib"'
+      substituteInPlace src/cpp/CMakeLists.txt \
+        --replace 'SOCI_LIBRARY_DIR "/usr/lib"' 'SOCI_LIBRARY_DIR "${soci}/lib"'
 
-    substituteInPlace src/gwt/build.xml \
-      --replace '/usr/bin/node' '${nodejs}/bin/node'
+      substituteInPlace src/gwt/build.xml \
+        --replace '/usr/bin/node' '${nodejs}/bin/node'
 
-    substituteInPlace src/cpp/core/libclang/LibClang.cpp \
-      --replace '@libclang@' ${llvmPackages.libclang.lib} \
-      --replace '@libclang.so@' ${llvmPackages.libclang.lib}/lib/libclang.so
+      substituteInPlace src/cpp/core/libclang/LibClang.cpp \
+        --replace '@libclang@' ${llvmPackages.libclang.lib} \
+        --replace '@libclang.so@' ${llvmPackages.libclang.lib}/lib/libclang.so
 
-      substituteInPlace src/cpp/session/include/session/SessionConstants.hpp \
-        --replace "bin/pandoc" "${pandoc}/bin/pandoc"
-  '';
+        substituteInPlace src/cpp/session/include/session/SessionConstants.hpp \
+          --replace "bin/pandoc" "${pandoc}/bin/pandoc"
+    '';
 
-  hunspellDictionaries = with lib; filter isDerivation (unique (attrValues hunspellDicts));
-  # These dicts contain identically-named dict files, so we only keep the
-  # -large versions in case of clashes
-  largeDicts = with lib; filter (d: hasInfix "-large-wordlist" d) hunspellDictionaries;
-  otherDicts = with lib; filter
-    (d: !(hasAttr "dictFileName" d &&
-      elem d.dictFileName (map (d: d.dictFileName) largeDicts)))
-    hunspellDictionaries;
-  dictionaries = largeDicts ++ otherDicts;
+    hunspellDictionaries = with lib; filter isDerivation (unique (attrValues hunspellDicts));
+    # These dicts contain identically-named dict files, so we only keep the
+    # -large versions in case of clashes
+    largeDicts = with lib; filter (d: hasInfix "-large-wordlist" d) hunspellDictionaries;
+    otherDicts = with lib; filter
+      (d: !(hasAttr "dictFileName" d &&
+        elem d.dictFileName (map (d: d.dictFileName) largeDicts)))
+      hunspellDictionaries;
+    dictionaries = largeDicts ++ otherDicts;
 
-  preConfigure = ''
-    mkdir dependencies/dictionaries
-    for dict in ${builtins.concatStringsSep " " dictionaries}; do
-      for i in "$dict/share/hunspell/"*; do
-        ln -s $i dependencies/dictionaries/
+    preConfigure = ''
+      mkdir dependencies/dictionaries
+      for dict in ${builtins.concatStringsSep " " dictionaries}; do
+        for i in "$dict/share/hunspell/"*; do
+          ln -s $i dependencies/dictionaries/
+        done
       done
-    done
 
-    unzip -q ${mathJaxSrc} -d dependencies/mathjax-27
+      unzip -q ${mathJaxSrc} -d dependencies/mathjax-27
 
-    mkdir -p dependencies/pandoc/${pandoc.version}
-    cp ${pandoc}/bin/pandoc dependencies/pandoc/${pandoc.version}/pandoc
+      mkdir -p dependencies/pandoc/${pandoc.version}
+      cp ${pandoc}/bin/pandoc dependencies/pandoc/${pandoc.version}/pandoc
 
-    cp -r ${rsconnectSrc} dependencies/rsconnect
-    ( cd dependencies && ${R}/bin/R CMD build -d --no-build-vignettes rsconnect )
+      cp -r ${rsconnectSrc} dependencies/rsconnect
+      ( cd dependencies && ${R}/bin/R CMD build -d --no-build-vignettes rsconnect )
 
-    cp -r "${panmirrorModules}" src/gwt/panmirror/src/editor/node_modules
-  '';
+      cp -r "${panmirrorModules}" src/gwt/panmirror/src/editor/node_modules
+    '';
 
-  postInstall = ''
-    mkdir -p $out/share/icons/hicolor/48x48/apps $out/bin
-    ln $out/lib/rstudio/rstudio.png $out/share/icons/hicolor/48x48/apps
+    postInstall = ''
+      mkdir -p $out/bin $out/share
 
-    for f in {diagnostics,rpostback,rstudio}; do
-      ln -s $out/lib/rstudio/bin/$f $out/bin
-    done
+      ${lib.optionalString (!server) ''
+        mkdir -p $out/share/icons/hicolor/48x48/apps
+        ln $out/lib/rstudio/rstudio.png $out/share/icons/hicolor/48x48/apps
+      ''}
 
-    for f in .gitignore .Rbuildignore LICENSE README; do
-      find . -name $f -delete
-    done
-    rm -r $out/lib/rstudio/{INSTALL,COPYING,NOTICE,README.md,SOURCE,VERSION}
-    rm -r $out/lib/rstudio/bin/{pandoc/pandoc,pandoc}
-  '';
+      for f in {${if server
+        then "crash-handler-proxy,postback,r-ldpath,rpostback,rserver,rserver-pam,rsession,rstudio-server"
+        else "diagnostics,rpostback,rstudio"}}; do
+        ln -s $out/lib/rstudio/bin/$f $out/bin
+      done
 
-  qtWrapperArgs = [
-    "--suffix PATH : ${lib.makeBinPath [ gnumake ]}"
-  ];
+      for f in .gitignore .Rbuildignore LICENSE README; do
+        find . -name $f -delete
+      done
+      rm -r $out/lib/rstudio/{INSTALL,COPYING,NOTICE,README.md,SOURCE,VERSION}
+      rm -r $out/lib/rstudio/bin/{pandoc/pandoc,pandoc}
+    '';
 
-  desktopItems = [
-    (makeDesktopItem {
-      name = "${pname}";
-      exec = "rstudio %F";
-      icon = "rstudio";
-      desktopName = "RStudio";
-      genericName = "IDE";
-      comment = meta.description;
-      categories = "Development;";
-      mimeType = "text/x-r-source;text/x-r;text/x-R;text/x-r-doc;text/x-r-sweave;text/x-r-markdown;text/x-r-html;text/x-r-presentation;application/x-r-data;application/x-r-project;text/x-r-history;text/x-r-profile;text/x-tex;text/x-markdown;text/html;text/css;text/javascript;text/x-chdr;text/x-csrc;text/x-c++hdr;text/x-c++src;";
-    })
-  ];
+    meta = with lib; {
+      inherit description;
+      homepage = "https://www.rstudio.com/";
+      license = licenses.agpl3Only;
+      maintainers = with maintainers; [ ciil cfhammill ];
+      platforms = platforms.linux;
+    };
 
-  meta = with lib; {
-    description = "Set of integrated tools for the R language";
-    homepage = "https://www.rstudio.com/";
-    license = licenses.agpl3Only;
-    maintainers = with maintainers; [ ciil ];
-    platforms = platforms.linux;
-  };
-}
+    passthru = { inherit server; };
+  } // lib.optionalAttrs (!server) {
+    qtWrapperArgs = [
+      "--suffix PATH : ${lib.makeBinPath [ gnumake ]}"
+    ];
+
+    desktopItems = [
+      (makeDesktopItem {
+        name = pname;
+        exec = "rstudio %F";
+        icon = "rstudio";
+        desktopName = "RStudio";
+        genericName = "IDE";
+        comment = description;
+        categories = "Development;";
+        mimeType = "text/x-r-source;text/x-r;text/x-R;text/x-r-doc;text/x-r-sweave;text/x-r-markdown;text/x-r-html;text/x-r-presentation;application/x-r-data;application/x-r-project;text/x-r-history;text/x-r-profile;text/x-tex;text/x-markdown;text/html;text/css;text/javascript;text/x-chdr;text/x-csrc;text/x-c++hdr;text/x-c++src;";
+      })
+    ];
+  })
diff --git a/pkgs/development/r-modules/wrapper-rstudio.nix b/pkgs/development/r-modules/wrapper-rstudio.nix
index 5eeac8fed30e..b20b61d6c58d 100644
--- a/pkgs/development/r-modules/wrapper-rstudio.nix
+++ b/pkgs/development/r-modules/wrapper-rstudio.nix
@@ -1,16 +1,23 @@
-{ lib, runCommand, R, rstudio, wrapQtAppsHook, recommendedPackages, packages, qtbase }:
+{ lib
+, runCommand
+, R
+, rstudio
+, makeWrapper
+, wrapQtAppsHook
+, recommendedPackages
+, packages
+, fontconfig
+}:
 
-let
-  qtVersion = with lib.versions; "${major qtbase.version}.${minor qtbase.version}";
-in
-runCommand (rstudio.name + "-wrapper") {
+runCommand (rstudio.name + "-wrapper")
+{
   preferLocalBuild = true;
   allowSubstitutes = false;
 
-  nativeBuildInputs = [wrapQtAppsHook];
+  nativeBuildInputs = [ (if rstudio.server then makeWrapper else wrapQtAppsHook) ];
   dontWrapQtApps = true;
 
-  buildInputs = [R rstudio] ++ recommendedPackages ++ packages;
+  buildInputs = [ R rstudio ] ++ recommendedPackages ++ packages;
 
   # rWrapper points R to a specific set of packages by using a wrapper
   # (as in https://nixos.org/nixpkgs/manual/#r-packages) which sets
@@ -22,14 +29,27 @@ runCommand (rstudio.name + "-wrapper") {
   # uses R_PROFILE_USER to load this code at startup in RStudio.
   fixLibsR = "fix_libs.R";
 }
-''
-mkdir $out
-ln -s ${rstudio}/share $out
-echo "# Autogenerated by wrapper-rstudio.nix from R_LIBS_SITE" > $out/$fixLibsR
-echo -n ".libPaths(c(.libPaths(), \"" >> $out/$fixLibsR
-echo -n $R_LIBS_SITE | sed -e 's/:/", "/g' >> $out/$fixLibsR
-echo -n "\"))" >> $out/$fixLibsR
-echo >> $out/$fixLibsR
-makeQtWrapper ${rstudio}/bin/rstudio $out/bin/rstudio \
-  --set R_PROFILE_USER $out/$fixLibsR
-''
+  (
+    ''
+      mkdir -p $out/bin
+      ln -s ${rstudio}/share $out
+      echo "# Autogenerated by wrapper-rstudio.nix from R_LIBS_SITE" > $out/$fixLibsR
+      echo -n ".libPaths(c(.libPaths(), \"" >> $out/$fixLibsR
+      echo -n $R_LIBS_SITE | sed -e 's/:/", "/g' >> $out/$fixLibsR
+      echo -n "\"))" >> $out/$fixLibsR
+      echo >> $out/$fixLibsR
+    '' +
+    (if
+      rstudio.server then ''
+      makeWrapper ${rstudio}/bin/rsession $out/bin/rsession \
+        --set R_PROFILE_USER $out/$fixLibsR --set FONTCONFIG_FILE ${fontconfig.out}/etc/fonts/fonts.conf
+
+      makeWrapper ${rstudio}/bin/rserver $out/bin/rserver \
+        --add-flags --rsession-path=$out/bin/rsession
+    ''
+    else
+      ''
+        makeQtWrapper ${rstudio}/bin/rstudio $out/bin/rstudio \
+          --set R_PROFILE_USER $out/$fixLibsR
+      '')
+  )
diff --git a/pkgs/top-level/all-packages.nix b/pkgs/top-level/all-packages.nix
index e3bf4e41ed0a..0430afcc41ae 100644
--- a/pkgs/top-level/all-packages.nix
+++ b/pkgs/top-level/all-packages.nix
@@ -20754,6 +20754,8 @@ with pkgs;
     packages = [];
   };
 
+  rstudioServerWrapper = rstudioWrapper.override { rstudio = rstudio-server; };
+
   rPackages = dontRecurseIntoAttrs (callPackage ../development/r-modules {
     overrides = (config.rPackageOverrides or (_: {})) pkgs;
   });
@@ -28382,6 +28384,8 @@ with pkgs;
     jdk = jdk8;
   };
 
+  rstudio-server = rstudio.override { server = true; };
+
   rsync = callPackage ../applications/networking/sync/rsync (config.rsync or {});
   rrsync = callPackage ../applications/networking/sync/rsync/rrsync.nix {};