diff --git a/nixos/doc/manual/release-notes/rl-2411.section.md b/nixos/doc/manual/release-notes/rl-2411.section.md
index 2e6547528341..d767bc6a0d93 100644
--- a/nixos/doc/manual/release-notes/rl-2411.section.md
+++ b/nixos/doc/manual/release-notes/rl-2411.section.md
@@ -561,6 +561,11 @@
 
 - `/share/vim-plugins` now only gets linked if `programs.vim.enable` is enabled
 
+- The `services.guix` module now manages trusted substitute servers
+  declaratively. Instead of `guix archive --authorize`, list keys with
+  `services.guix.substituters.authorizedKeys`. Default substitute servers can be
+  set via `services.guix.substituters.urls`.
+
 - The `tracy` package no longer works on X11, since it's moved to Wayland
   support, which is the intended default behavior by Tracy maintainers.
   X11 users have to switch to the new package `tracy-x11`.
diff --git a/nixos/modules/services/misc/guix/default.nix b/nixos/modules/services/misc/guix/default.nix
index 7174ff36b709..2ad30469ac4f 100644
--- a/nixos/modules/services/misc/guix/default.nix
+++ b/nixos/modules/services/misc/guix/default.nix
@@ -46,6 +46,17 @@ let
     GUIX_LOCPATH = "${cfg.stateDir}/guix/profiles/per-user/root/guix-profile/lib/locale";
     LC_ALL = "C.UTF-8";
   };
+
+  # Currently, this is just done the lazy way with the official Guix script. A
+  # more "formal" way would be creating our own Guix script to handle and
+  # generate the ACL file ourselves.
+  aclFile = pkgs.runCommandLocal "guix-acl" { } ''
+    export GUIX_CONFIGURATION_DIRECTORY=./
+    for official_server_keys in ${lib.concatStringsSep " " cfg.substituters.authorizedKeys}; do
+      ${lib.getExe' cfg.package "guix"} archive --authorize < "$official_server_keys"
+    done
+    install -Dm0600 ./acl "$out"
+  '';
 in
 {
   meta.maintainers = with lib.maintainers; [ foo-dogsquared ];
@@ -118,6 +129,57 @@ in
       example = "/gnu/var";
     };
 
+    substituters = {
+      urls = lib.mkOption {
+        type = with lib.types; listOf str;
+        default = [
+          "https://ci.guix.gnu.org"
+          "https://bordeaux.guix.gnu.org"
+          "https://berlin.guix.gnu.org"
+        ];
+        example = lib.literalExpression ''
+          options.services.guix.substituters.urls.default ++ [
+            "https://guix.example.com"
+            "https://guix.example.org"
+          ]
+        '';
+        description = ''
+          A list of substitute servers' URLs for the Guix daemon to download
+          substitutes from.
+        '';
+      };
+
+      authorizedKeys = lib.mkOption {
+        type = with lib.types; listOf path;
+        default = [
+          "${cfg.package}/share/guix/ci.guix.gnu.org.pub"
+          "${cfg.package}/share/guix/bordeaux.guix.gnu.org.pub"
+          "${cfg.package}/share/guix/berlin.guix.gnu.org.pub"
+        ];
+        defaultText = ''
+          The packaged signing keys from {option}`services.guix.package`.
+        '';
+        example = lib.literalExpression ''
+          options.services.guix.substituters.authorizedKeys.default ++ [
+            (builtins.fetchurl {
+              url = "https://guix.example.com/signing-key.pub";
+            })
+
+            (builtins.fetchurl {
+              url = "https://guix.example.org/static/signing-key.pub";
+            })
+          ]
+        '';
+        description = ''
+          A list of signing keys for each substitute server to be authorized as
+          a source of substitutes. Without this, the listed substitute servers
+          from {option}`services.guix.substituters.urls` would be ignored [with
+          some
+          exceptions](https://guix.gnu.org/manual/en/html_node/Substitute-Authentication.html).
+        '';
+      };
+    };
+
     publish = {
       enable = mkEnableOption "substitute server for your Guix store directory";
 
@@ -215,6 +277,8 @@ in
         script = ''
           ${lib.getExe' package "guix-daemon"} \
             --build-users-group=${cfg.group} \
+            ${lib.optionalString (cfg.substituters.urls != [ ])
+              "--substitute-urls='${lib.concatStringsSep " " cfg.substituters.urls}'"} \
             ${lib.escapeShellArgs cfg.extraArgs}
         '';
         serviceConfig = {
@@ -254,11 +318,7 @@ in
 
       # Make transferring files from one store to another easier with the usual
       # case being of most substitutes from the official Guix CI instance.
-      system.activationScripts.guix-authorize-keys = ''
-        for official_server_keys in ${package}/share/guix/*.pub; do
-          ${lib.getExe' package "guix"} archive --authorize < $official_server_keys
-        done
-      '';
+      environment.etc."guix/acl".source = aclFile;
 
       # Link the usual Guix profiles to the home directory. This is useful in
       # ephemeral setups where only certain part of the filesystem is
@@ -270,8 +330,8 @@ in
         in ''
           [ -d "${userProfile}" ] && ln -sfn "${userProfile}" "${location}"
         '';
-        linkProfileToPath = acc: profile: location: let
-          in acc + (linkProfile profile location);
+        linkProfileToPath = acc: profile: location:
+          acc + (linkProfile profile location);
 
         # This should contain export-only Guix user profiles. The rest of it is
         # handled manually in the activation script.
@@ -387,7 +447,7 @@ in
           Type = "oneshot";
 
           PrivateDevices = true;
-          PrivateNetworks = true;
+          PrivateNetwork = true;
           ProtectControlGroups = true;
           ProtectHostname = true;
           ProtectKernelTunables = true;
diff --git a/nixos/tests/guix/publish.nix b/nixos/tests/guix/publish.nix
index eb56fc97478c..4a1e49fea903 100644
--- a/nixos/tests/guix/publish.nix
+++ b/nixos/tests/guix/publish.nix
@@ -47,12 +47,12 @@ in {
       services.guix = {
         enable = true;
 
-        extraArgs = [
-          # Force to only get all substitutes from the local server. We don't
-          # have anything in the Guix store directory and we cannot get
-          # anything from the official substitute servers anyways.
-          "--substitute-urls='http://server.local:${toString publishPort}'"
+        # Force to only get all substitutes from the local server. We don't
+        # have anything in the Guix store directory and we cannot get
+        # anything from the official substitute servers anyways.
+        substituters.urls = [ "http://server.local:${toString publishPort}" ];
 
+        extraArgs = [
           # Enable autodiscovery of the substitute servers in the local
           # network. This machine shouldn't need to import the signing key from
           # the substitute server since it is automatically done anyways.