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nixos/activation, switch-to-configuration-ng, doc: improve NIXOS_LUSTRATE installation experience (#349049)
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misuzu
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@ -160,6 +160,18 @@ The first steps to all these are the same:
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Refer to the `nixos-generate-config` step in
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[](#sec-installation) for more information.
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::: {.note}
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On [UEFI](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/UEFI) systems, check that your `/etc/nixos/hardware-configuration.nix` did the right thing with the [EFI System Partition](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/EFI_system_partition).
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In NixOS, by default, both [systemd-boot](https://systemd.io/BOOT/) and [grub](https://www.gnu.org/software/grub/index.html) expect it to be mounted on `/boot`.
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However, the configuration generator bases its [](#opt-fileSystems) configuration on the current mount points at the time it is run.
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If the current system and NixOS's bootloader configuration don't agree on where the [EFI System Partition](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/EFI_system_partition) is to be mounted, you'll need to manually alter the mount point in `hardware-configuration.nix` before building the system closure.
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:::
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::: {.note}
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The lustrate process will not work if the [](#opt-boot.initrd.systemd.enable) option is set to `true`.
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If you want to use this option, wait until after the first boot into the NixOS system to enable it and rebuild.
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:::
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You'll likely want to set a root password for your first boot using
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the configuration files because you won't have a chance to enter a
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password until after you reboot. You can initialize the root password
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@ -231,26 +243,46 @@ The first steps to all these are the same:
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$ echo etc/nixos | sudo tee -a /etc/NIXOS_LUSTRATE
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```
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1. Finally, move the `/boot` directory of your current distribution out
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of the way (the lustrate process will take care of the rest once you
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reboot, but this one must be moved out now because NixOS needs to
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install its own boot files:
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1. Finally, install NixOS's boot system, backing up the current boot system's files in the process.
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The details of this step can vary depending on the bootloader configuration in NixOS and the bootloader in use by the current system.
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The commands below should work for:
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- [BIOS](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/BIOS) systems.
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- [UEFI](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/UEFI) systems where both the current system and NixOS mount the [EFI System Partition](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/EFI_system_partition) on `/boot`.
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Both [systemd-boot](https://systemd.io/BOOT/) and [grub](https://www.gnu.org/software/grub/index.html) expect this by default in NixOS, but other distributions vary.
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::: {.warning}
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Once you complete this step, your current distribution will no
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longer be bootable! If you didn't get all the NixOS configuration
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right, especially those settings pertaining to boot loading and root
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partition, NixOS may not be bootable either. Have a USB rescue
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device ready in case this happens.
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Once you complete this step, your current distribution will no longer be bootable!
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If you didn't get all the NixOS configuration right, especially those settings pertaining to boot loading and root partition, NixOS may not be bootable either.
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Have a USB rescue device ready in case this happens.
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:::
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::: {.warning}
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On [UEFI](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/UEFI) systems, anything on the [EFI System Partition](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/EFI_system_partition) will be removed by these commands, such as other coexisting OS's bootloaders.
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:::
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```ShellSession
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$ sudo mv -v /boot /boot.bak &&
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sudo /nix/var/nix/profiles/system/bin/switch-to-configuration boot
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$ sudo mkdir /boot.bak && sudo mv /boot/* /boot.bak &&
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sudo NIXOS_INSTALL_BOOTLOADER=1 /nix/var/nix/profiles/system/bin/switch-to-configuration boot
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```
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Cross your fingers, reboot, hopefully you should get a NixOS prompt!
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In other cases, most commonly where the [EFI System Partition](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/EFI_system_partition) of the current system is instead mounted on `/boot/efi`, the goal is to:
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- Make sure `/boot` (and the [EFI System Partition](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/EFI_system_partition), if mounted elsewhere) are mounted how the NixOS configuration would mount them.
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- Clear them of files related to the current system, backing them up outside of `/boot`.
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NixOS will move the backups into `/old-root` along with everything else when it first boots.
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- Instruct the NixOS closure built earlier to install its bootloader with:
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```ShellSession
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sudo NIXOS_INSTALL_BOOTLOADER=1 /nix/var/nix/profiles/system/bin/switch-to-configuration boot
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```
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1. If for some reason you want to revert to the old distribution,
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you'll need to boot on a USB rescue disk and do something along
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these lines:
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@ -41,10 +41,6 @@ use Fcntl ':flock';
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my $out = "@out@";
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# System closure path to switch to
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my $toplevel = "@toplevel@";
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# Path to the directory containing systemd tools of the old system
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my $cur_systemd = abs_path("/run/current-system/sw/bin");
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# Path to the systemd store path of the new system
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my $new_systemd = "@systemd@";
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# To be robust against interruption, record what units need to be started etc.
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# We read these files again every time this script starts to make sure we continue
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@ -130,6 +126,12 @@ if ($action eq "boot") {
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exit(0);
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}
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# Path to the directory containing systemd tools of the old system
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# Needs to be after the "boot" action exits, as this directory will not exist when doing a NIXOS_LUSTRATE install
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my $cur_systemd = abs_path("/run/current-system/sw/bin");
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# Path to the systemd store path of the new system
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my $new_systemd = "@systemd@";
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# Check if we can activate the new configuration.
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my $cur_init_interface_version = read_file("/run/current-system/init-interface-version", err_mode => "quiet") // "";
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my $new_init_interface_version = read_file("$toplevel/init-interface-version");
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@ -997,10 +997,6 @@ fn do_system_switch(action: Action) -> anyhow::Result<()> {
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std::env::set_var("LOCALE_ARCHIVE", locale_archive);
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}
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let current_system_bin = std::path::PathBuf::from("/run/current-system/sw/bin")
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.canonicalize()
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.context("/run/current-system/sw/bin is missing")?;
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let os_release = parse_os_release().context("Failed to parse os-release")?;
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let distro_id_re = Regex::new(format!("^\"?{}\"?$", distro_id).as_str())
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@ -1072,6 +1068,11 @@ fn do_system_switch(action: Action) -> anyhow::Result<()> {
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std::process::exit(0);
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}
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// Needs to be after the "boot" action exits, as this directory will not exist when doing a NIXOS_LUSTRATE install
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let current_system_bin = std::path::PathBuf::from("/run/current-system/sw/bin")
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.canonicalize()
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.context("/run/current-system/sw/bin is missing")?;
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let current_init_interface_version =
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std::fs::read_to_string("/run/current-system/init-interface-version").unwrap_or_default();
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