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doc/languages-frameworks/python: update formatting and interpreters

Browse Source 
Updates all interpreter references with 3.10/3.11, which are the
current version, that we recurse into for their package set.

Update all code examples with an explicit `format` and expand lists
with multiple items as we do in the python package set. Also set
`pythonImportsCheck` where tests are disabled.
This commit is contained in:
Martin Weinelt 2023-05-18 12:49:51 +02:00
parent e51209796c
commit 35650d8be3
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doc/languages-frameworks/python.section.md
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@ -10,7 +10,7 @@ Several versions of the Python interpreter are available on Nix, as well as a
high amount of packages. The attribute `python3` refers to the default
interpreter, which is currently CPython 3.10. The attribute `python` refers to
CPython 2.7 for backwards-compatibility. It is also possible to refer to
specific versions, e.g. `python39` refers to CPython 3.9, and `pypy` refers to
specific versions, e.g. `python311` refers to CPython 3.11, and `pypy` refers to
the default PyPy interpreter.
Python is used a lot, and in different ways. This affects also how it is
@ -26,10 +26,10 @@ however, are in separate sets, with one set per interpreter version.
The interpreters have several common attributes. One of these attributes is
`pkgs`, which is a package set of Python libraries for this specific
interpreter. E.g., the `toolz` package corresponding to the default interpreter
is `python.pkgs.toolz`, and the CPython 3.9 version is `python39.pkgs.toolz`.
is `python.pkgs.toolz`, and the CPython 3.11 version is `python311.pkgs.toolz`.
The main package set contains aliases to these package sets, e.g.
`pythonPackages` refers to `python.pkgs` and `python39Packages` to
`python39.pkgs`.
`pythonPackages` refers to `python.pkgs` and `python311Packages` to
`python311.pkgs`.
#### Installing Python and packages {#installing-python-and-packages}
@ -54,7 +54,7 @@ with `python.buildEnv` or `python.withPackages` where the interpreter and other
executables are wrapped to be able to find each other and all of the modules.
In the following examples we will start by creating a simple, ad-hoc environment
with a nix-shell that has `numpy` and `toolz` in Python 3.9; then we will create
with a nix-shell that has `numpy` and `toolz` in Python 3.11; then we will create
a re-usable environment in a single-file Python script; then we will create a
full Python environment for development with this same environment.
@ -70,10 +70,10 @@ temporary shell session with a Python and a *precise* list of packages (plus
their runtime dependencies), with no other Python packages in the Python
interpreter's scope.
To create a Python 3.9 session with `numpy` and `toolz` available, run:
To create a Python 3.11 session with `numpy` and `toolz` available, run:
```sh
$ nix-shell -p 'python39.withPackages(ps: with ps; [ numpy toolz ])'
$ nix-shell -p 'python311.withPackages(ps: with ps; [ numpy toolz ])'
```
By default `nix-shell` will start a `bash` session with this interpreter in our
@ -81,8 +81,7 @@ By default `nix-shell` will start a `bash` session with this interpreter in our
```Python console
[nix-shell:~/src/nixpkgs]$ python3
Python 3.9.12 (main, Mar 23 2022, 21:36:19)
[GCC 11.3.0] on linux
Python 3.11.3 (main, Apr 4 2023, 22:36:41) [GCC 12.2.0] on linux
Type "help", "copyright", "credits" or "license" for more information.
>>> import numpy; import toolz
```
@ -102,16 +101,12 @@ will still get 1 wrapped Python interpreter. We can start the interpreter
directly like so:
```sh
$ nix-shell -p "python39.withPackages (ps: with ps; [ numpy toolz requests ])" --run python3
$ nix-shell -p "python311.withPackages (ps: with ps; [ numpy toolz requests ])" --run python3
this derivation will be built:
/nix/store/mpn7k6bkjl41fm51342rafaqfsl10qs4-python3-3.9.12-env.drv
this path will be fetched (0.09 MiB download, 0.41 MiB unpacked):
/nix/store/5gaiacnzi096b6prc6aa1pwrhncmhc8b-python3.9-toolz-0.11.2
copying path '/nix/store/5gaiacnzi096b6prc6aa1pwrhncmhc8b-python3.9-toolz-0.11.2' from 'https://cache.nixos.org'...
building '/nix/store/mpn7k6bkjl41fm51342rafaqfsl10qs4-python3-3.9.12-env.drv'...
created 279 symlinks in user environment
Python 3.9.12 (main, Mar 23 2022, 21:36:19)
[GCC 11.3.0] on linux
/nix/store/r19yf5qgfiakqlhkgjahbg3zg79549n4-python3-3.11.2-env.drv
building '/nix/store/r19yf5qgfiakqlhkgjahbg3zg79549n4-python3-3.11.2-env.drv'...
created 273 symlinks in user environment
Python 3.11.2 (main, Feb 7 2023, 13:52:42) [GCC 12.2.0] on linux
Type "help", "copyright", "credits" or "license" for more information.
>>> import requests
>>>
@ -150,7 +145,7 @@ Executing this script requires a `python3` that has `numpy`. Using what we learn
in the previous section, we could startup a shell and just run it like so:
```ShellSession
$ nix-shell -p 'python39.withPackages(ps: with ps; [ numpy ])' --run 'python3 foo.py'
$ nix-shell -p 'python311.withPackages (ps: with ps; [ numpy ])' --run 'python3 foo.py'
The dot product of [1 2] and [3 4] is: 11
```
@ -190,17 +185,17 @@ can make it fully reproducible by pinning the `nixpkgs` import:
```python
#!/usr/bin/env nix-shell
#!nix-shell -i python3 -p "python3.withPackages(ps: [ ps.numpy ])"
#!nix-shell -I nixpkgs=https://github.com/NixOS/nixpkgs/archive/d373d80b1207d52621961b16aa4a3438e4f98167.tar.gz
#!nix-shell -i python3 -p "python3.withPackages (ps: [ ps.numpy ])"
#!nix-shell -I nixpkgs=https://github.com/NixOS/nixpkgs/archive/e51209796c4262bfb8908e3d6d72302fe4e96f5f.tar.gz
import numpy as np
a = np.array([1,2])
b = np.array([3,4])
print(f"The dot product of {a} and {b} is: {np.dot(a, b)}")
```
This will execute with the exact same versions of Python 3.8, numpy, and system
This will execute with the exact same versions of Python 3.10, numpy, and system
dependencies a year from now as it does today, because it will always use
exactly git commit `d373d80b1207d52621961b16aa4a3438e4f98167` of Nixpkgs for all
exactly git commit `e51209796c4262bfb8908e3d6d72302fe4e96f5f` of Nixpkgs for all
of the package versions.
This is also a great way to ensure the script executes identically on different
@ -213,12 +208,15 @@ create a single script with Python dependencies, but in the course of normal
development we're usually working in an entire package repository.
As explained in the Nix manual, `nix-shell` can also load an expression from a
`.nix` file. Say we want to have Python 3.9, `numpy` and `toolz`, like before,
`.nix` file. Say we want to have Python 3.11, `numpy` and `toolz`, like before,
in an environment. We can add a `shell.nix` file describing our dependencies:
```nix
with import <nixpkgs> {};
(python39.withPackages (ps: [ps.numpy ps.toolz])).env
(python311.withPackages (ps: with ps; [
numpy
toolz
])).env
```
And then at the command line, just typing `nix-shell` produces the same
@ -232,7 +230,7 @@ What's happening here?
imports the `<nixpkgs>` function, `{}` calls it and the `with` statement
brings all attributes of `nixpkgs` in the local scope. These attributes form
the main package set.
2. Then we create a Python 3.9 environment with the `withPackages` function, as before.
2. Then we create a Python 3.11 environment with the `withPackages` function, as before.
3. The `withPackages` function expects us to provide a function as an argument
that takes the set of all Python packages and returns a list of packages to
include in the environment. Here, we select the packages `numpy` and `toolz`
@ -243,7 +241,7 @@ To combine this with `mkShell` you can:
```nix
with import <nixpkgs> {};
let
pythonEnv = python39.withPackages (ps: [
pythonEnv = python311.withPackages (ps: [
ps.numpy
ps.toolz
]);
@ -327,7 +325,7 @@ on NixOS.
{ # ...
environment.systemPackages = with pkgs; [
(python38.withPackages(ps: with ps; [ numpy toolz ]))
(python310.withPackages(ps: with ps; [ numpy toolz ]))
];
}
```
@ -348,20 +346,32 @@ building Python libraries is `buildPythonPackage`. Let's see how we can build th
`toolz` package.
```nix
{ lib, buildPythonPackage, fetchPypi }:
{ lib
, buildPythonPackage
, fetchPypi
}:
buildPythonPackage rec {
pname = "toolz";
version = "0.10.0";
format = "setuptools";
src = fetchPypi {
inherit pname version;
hash = "sha256-CP3V73yWSArRHBLUct4hrNMjWZlvaaUlkpm1QP66RWA=";
};
# has no tests
doCheck = false;
pythonImportsCheck = [
"toolz.itertoolz"
"toolz.functoolz"
"toolz.dicttoolz"
];
meta = with lib; {
changelog = "https://github.com/pytoolz/toolz/releases/tag/${version}";
homepage = "https://github.com/pytoolz/toolz";
description = "List processing tools and functional utilities";
license = licenses.bsd3;
@ -376,13 +386,14 @@ arguments is the name of the package, which consists of a basename (generally
following the name on PyPi) and a version. Another argument, `src` specifies the
source, which in this case is fetched from PyPI using the helper function
`fetchPypi`. The argument `doCheck` is used to set whether tests should be run
when building the package. Furthermore, we specify some (optional) meta
when building the package. Since there are no tests, we rely on `pythonImportsCheck`
to test whether the package can be imported. Furthermore, we specify some meta
information. The output of the function is a derivation.
An expression for `toolz` can be found in the Nixpkgs repository. As explained
in the introduction of this Python section, a derivation of `toolz` is available
for each interpreter version, e.g. `python39.pkgs.toolz` refers to the `toolz`
derivation corresponding to the CPython 3.9 interpreter.
for each interpreter version, e.g. `python311.pkgs.toolz` refers to the `toolz`
derivation corresponding to the CPython 3.11 interpreter.
The above example works when you're directly working on
`pkgs/top-level/python-packages.nix` in the Nixpkgs repository. Often though,
@ -395,29 +406,35 @@ and adds it along with a `numpy` package to a Python environment.
with import <nixpkgs> {};
( let
my_toolz = python39.pkgs.buildPythonPackage rec {
my_toolz = python311.pkgs.buildPythonPackage rec {
pname = "toolz";
version = "0.10.0";
format = "setuptools";
src = python39.pkgs.fetchPypi {
src = python311.pkgs.fetchPypi {
inherit pname version;
hash = "sha256-CP3V73yWSArRHBLUct4hrNMjWZlvaaUlkpm1QP66RWA=";
};
# has no tests
doCheck = false;
meta = {
homepage = "https://github.com/pytoolz/toolz/";
description = "List processing tools and functional utilities";
# [...]
};
};
in python38.withPackages (ps: [ps.numpy my_toolz])
in python311.withPackages (ps: with ps; [
numpy
my_toolz
])
).env
```
Executing `nix-shell` will result in an environment in which you can use
Python 3.9 and the `toolz` package. As you can see we had to explicitly mention
Python 3.11 and the `toolz` package. As you can see we had to explicitly mention
for which Python version we want to build a package.
So, what did we do here? Well, we took the Nix expression that we used earlier
@ -442,21 +459,39 @@ The following example shows which arguments are given to `buildPythonPackage` in
order to build [`datashape`](https://github.com/blaze/datashape).
```nix
{ lib, buildPythonPackage, fetchPypi, numpy, multipledispatch, python-dateutil, pytest }:
{ lib
, buildPythonPackage
, fetchPypi
# dependencies
, numpy, multipledispatch, python-dateutil
# tests
, pytest
}:
buildPythonPackage rec {
pname = "datashape";
version = "0.4.7";
format = "setuptools";
src = fetchPypi {
inherit pname version;
hash = "sha256-FLLvdm1MllKrgTGC6Gb0k0deZeVYvtCCLji/B7uhong=";
};
nativeCheckInputs = [ pytest ];
propagatedBuildInputs = [ numpy multipledispatch python-dateutil ];
propagatedBuildInputs = [
multipledispatch
numpy
python-dateutil
];
nativeCheckInputs = [
pytest
];
meta = with lib; {
changelog = "https://github.com/blaze/datashape/releases/tag/${version}";
homepage = "https://github.com/ContinuumIO/datashape";
description = "A data description language";
license = licenses.bsd2;
@ -466,9 +501,9 @@ buildPythonPackage rec {
```
We can see several runtime dependencies, `numpy`, `multipledispatch`, and
`python-dateutil`. Furthermore, we have one `nativeCheckInputs`, i.e. `pytest`. `pytest` is a
test runner and is only used during the `checkPhase` and is therefore not added
to `propagatedBuildInputs`.
`python-dateutil`. Furthermore, we have `nativeCheckInputs` with `pytest`.
`pytest` is a test runner and is only used during the `checkPhase` and is
therefore not added to `propagatedBuildInputs`.
In the previous case we had only dependencies on other Python packages to consider.
Occasionally you have also system libraries to consider. E.g., `lxml` provides
@ -476,20 +511,29 @@ Python bindings to `libxml2` and `libxslt`. These libraries are only required
when building the bindings and are therefore added as `buildInputs`.
```nix
{ lib, pkgs, buildPythonPackage, fetchPypi }:
{ lib
, pkgs
, buildPythonPackage
, fetchPypi
}:
buildPythonPackage rec {
pname = "lxml";
version = "3.4.4";
format = "setuptools";
src = fetchPypi {
inherit pname version;
hash = "sha256-s9NiusRxFydHzaNRMjjxFcvWxfi45jGb9ql6eJJyQJk=";
};
buildInputs = [ pkgs.libxml2 pkgs.libxslt ];
buildInputs = [
pkgs.libxml2
pkgs.libxslt
];
meta = with lib; {
changelog = "https://github.com/lxml/lxml/releases/tag/lxml-${version}";
description = "Pythonic binding for the libxml2 and libxslt libraries";
homepage = "https://lxml.de";
license = licenses.bsd3;
@ -509,30 +553,47 @@ The bindings don't expect to find each of them in a different folder, and
therefore we have to set `LDFLAGS` and `CFLAGS`.
```nix
{ lib, pkgs, buildPythonPackage, fetchPypi, numpy, scipy }:
{ lib
, pkgs
, buildPythonPackage
, fetchPypi
# dependencies
, numpy
, scipy
}:
buildPythonPackage rec {
pname = "pyFFTW";
version = "0.9.2";
format = "setuptools";
src = fetchPypi {
inherit pname version;
hash = "sha256-9ru2r6kwhUCaskiFoaPNuJCfCVoUL01J40byvRt4kHQ=";
};
buildInputs = [ pkgs.fftw pkgs.fftwFloat pkgs.fftwLongDouble];
buildInputs = [
pkgs.fftw
pkgs.fftwFloat
pkgs.fftwLongDouble
];
propagatedBuildInputs = [ numpy scipy ];
# Tests cannot import pyfftw. pyfftw works fine though.
doCheck = false;
propagatedBuildInputs = [
numpy
scipy
];
preConfigure = ''
export LDFLAGS="-L${pkgs.fftw.dev}/lib -L${pkgs.fftwFloat.out}/lib -L${pkgs.fftwLongDouble.out}/lib"
export CFLAGS="-I${pkgs.fftw.dev}/include -I${pkgs.fftwFloat.dev}/include -I${pkgs.fftwLongDouble.dev}/include"
'';
# Tests cannot import pyfftw. pyfftw works fine though.
doCheck = false;
meta = with lib; {
changelog = "https://github.com/pyFFTW/pyFFTW/releases/tag/v${version}";
description = "A pythonic wrapper around FFTW, the FFT library, presenting a unified interface for all the supported transforms";
homepage = "http://hgomersall.github.com/pyFFTW";
license = with licenses; [ bsd2 bsd3 ];
@ -590,7 +651,7 @@ To filter tests using pytest, one can do the following:
checkPhase = ''
runHook preCheck
pytest tests/ --ignore=tests/integration -k 'not download and not update'
pytest tests/ --ignore=tests/integration -k 'not download and not update' --ignore=tests/test_failing.py
runHook postCheck
'';
@ -618,10 +679,15 @@ when a package may need many items disabled to run the test suite.
Using the example above, the analogous `pytestCheckHook` usage would be:
```
nativeCheckInputs = [ pytestCheckHook ];
nativeCheckInputs = [
pytestCheckHook
];
# requires additional data
pytestFlagsArray = [ "tests/" "--ignore=tests/integration" ];
pytestFlagsArray = [
"tests/"
"--ignore=tests/integration"
];
disabledTests = [
# touches network
@ -663,7 +729,10 @@ To help ensure the package still works, `pythonImportsCheck` can attempt to impo
the listed modules.
```
pythonImportsCheck = [ "requests" "urllib" ];
pythonImportsCheck = [
"requests"
"urllib"
];
```
roughly translates to:
@ -704,9 +773,16 @@ pkg3>=1.0,<=2.0
we can do:
```
nativeBuildInputs = [ pythonRelaxDepsHook ];
pythonRelaxDeps = [ "pkg1" "pkg3" ];
pythonRemoveDeps = [ "pkg2" ];
nativeBuildInputs = [
pythonRelaxDepsHook
];
pythonRelaxDeps = [
"pkg1"
"pkg3"
];
pythonRemoveDeps = [
"pkg2"
];
```
which would result in the following `requirements.txt` file:
@ -749,9 +825,13 @@ with the exception of `other` (see `format` in
`unittestCheckHook` is a hook which will substitute the setuptools `test` command for a `checkPhase` which runs `python -m unittest discover`:
```
nativeCheckInputs = [ unittestCheckHook ];
nativeCheckInputs = [
unittestCheckHook
];
unittestFlagsArray = [ "-s" "tests" "-v" ];
unittestFlagsArray = [
"-s" "tests" "-v"
];
```
#### Using sphinxHook {#using-sphinxhook}
@ -816,7 +896,7 @@ If we create a `shell.nix` file which calls `buildPythonPackage`, and if `src`
is a local source, and if the local source has a `setup.py`, then development
mode is activated.
In the following example, we create a simple environment that has a Python 3.9
In the following example, we create a simple environment that has a Python 3.11
version of our package in it, as well as its dependencies and other packages we
like to have in the environment, all specified with `propagatedBuildInputs`.
Indeed, we can just add any package we like to have in our environment to
@ -824,12 +904,16 @@ Indeed, we can just add any package we like to have in our environment to
```nix
with import <nixpkgs> {};
with python39Packages;
with python311Packages;
buildPythonPackage rec {
name = "mypackage";
src = ./path/to/package/source;
propagatedBuildInputs = [ pytest numpy pkgs.libsndfile ];
propagatedBuildInputs = [
pytest
numpy
pkgs.libsndfile
];
}
```
@ -857,11 +941,14 @@ Let's split the package definition from the environment definition.
We first create a function that builds `toolz` in `~/path/to/toolz/release.nix`
```nix
{ lib, buildPythonPackage }:
{ lib
, buildPythonPackage
}:
buildPythonPackage rec {
pname = "toolz";
version = "0.10.0";
format = "setuptools";
src = fetchPypi {
inherit pname version;
@ -869,6 +956,7 @@ buildPythonPackage rec {
};
meta = with lib; {
changelog = "https://github.com/pytoolz/toolz/releases/tag/${version}";
homepage = "https://github.com/pytoolz/toolz/";
description = "List processing tools and functional utilities";
license = licenses.bsd3;
@ -885,9 +973,13 @@ with import <nixpkgs> {};
( let
toolz = callPackage /path/to/toolz/release.nix {
buildPythonPackage = python38Packages.buildPythonPackage;
buildPythonPackage = python310
Packages.buildPythonPackage;
};
in python38.withPackages (ps: [ ps.numpy toolz ])
in python310.withPackages (ps: [
ps.numpy
toolz
])
).env
```
@ -895,17 +987,17 @@ Important to remember is that the Python version for which the package is made
depends on the `python` derivation that is passed to `buildPythonPackage`. Nix
tries to automatically pass arguments when possible, which is why generally you
don't explicitly define which `python` derivation should be used. In the above
example we use `buildPythonPackage` that is part of the set `python38Packages`,
and in this case the `python38` interpreter is automatically used.
example we use `buildPythonPackage` that is part of the set `python3Packages`,
and in this case the `python3` interpreter is automatically used.
## Reference {#reference}
### Interpreters {#interpreters}
Versions 2.7, 3.7, 3.8, 3.9 and 3.10 of the CPython interpreter are available
as respectively `python27`, `python37`, `python38`, `python39` and `python310`.
Versions 2.7, 3.8, 3.9, 3.10 and 3.11 of the CPython interpreter are available
as respectively `python27`, python38`, `python39`, `python310` and `python311`.
The aliases `python2` and `python3` correspond to respectively `python27` and
`python39`. The attribute `python` maps to `python2`. The PyPy interpreters
`python310`. The attribute `python` maps to `python2`. The PyPy interpreters
compatible with Python 2.7 and 3 are available as `pypy27` and `pypy3`, with
aliases `pypy2` mapping to `pypy27` and `pypy` mapping to `pypy2`. The Nix
expressions for the interpreters can be found in
@ -928,7 +1020,7 @@ Each interpreter has the following attributes:
- `buildEnv`. Function to build python interpreter environments with extra packages bundled together. See section *python.buildEnv function* for usage and documentation.
- `withPackages`. Simpler interface to `buildEnv`. See section *python.withPackages function* for usage and documentation.
- `sitePackages`. Alias for `lib/${libPrefix}/site-packages`.
- `executable`. Name of the interpreter executable, e.g. `python3.8`.
- `executable`. Name of the interpreter executable, e.g. `python3.10`.
- `pkgs`. Set of Python packages for that specific interpreter. The package set can be modified by overriding the interpreter and passing `packageOverrides`.
### Optimizations {#optimizations}
@ -968,7 +1060,7 @@ attribute set is created for each available Python interpreter. The available
sets are
* `pkgs.python27Packages`
* `pkgs.python37Packages`
* `pkgs.python3Packages`
* `pkgs.python38Packages`
* `pkgs.python39Packages`
* `pkgs.python310Packages`
@ -978,7 +1070,7 @@ sets are
and the aliases
* `pkgs.python2Packages` pointing to `pkgs.python27Packages`
* `pkgs.python3Packages` pointing to `pkgs.python39Packages`
* `pkgs.python3Packages` pointing to `pkgs.python310Packages`
* `pkgs.pythonPackages` pointing to `pkgs.python2Packages`
#### `buildPythonPackage` function {#buildpythonpackage-function}
@ -990,11 +1082,28 @@ using setup hooks.
The following is an example:
```nix
{ lib, buildPythonPackage, fetchPypi, hypothesis, setuptools-scm, attrs, py, setuptools, six, pluggy }:
{ lib
, buildPythonPackage
, fetchPypi
# build-system
, setuptools-scm
# dependencies
, attrs
, pluggy
, py
, setuptools
, six
# tests
, hypothesis
}:
buildPythonPackage rec {
pname = "pytest";
version = "3.3.1";
format = "setuptools";
src = fetchPypi {
inherit pname version;
@ -1006,13 +1115,28 @@ buildPythonPackage rec {
rm testing/test_argcomplete.py
'';
nativeCheckInputs = [ hypothesis ];
nativeBuildInputs = [ setuptools-scm ];
propagatedBuildInputs = [ attrs py setuptools six pluggy ];
nativeBuildInputs = [
setuptools-scm
];
propagatedBuildInputs = [
attrs
py
setuptools
six
pluggy
];
nativeCheckInputs = [
hypothesis
];
meta = with lib; {
maintainers = with maintainers; [ domenkozar lovek323 madjar lsix ];
changelog = "https://github.com/pytest-dev/pytest/releases/tag/${version}";
description = "Framework for writing tests";
homepage = "https://github.com/pytest-dev/pytest";
license = licenses.mit;
maintainers = with maintainers; [ domenkozar lovek323 madjar lsix ];
};
}
```
@ -1114,7 +1238,7 @@ with import <nixpkgs> {};
};
in pkgs.python3.override {inherit packageOverrides; self = python;};
in python.withPackages(ps: [ps.blaze])).env
in python.withPackages(ps: [ ps.blaze ])).env
```
#### Optional extra dependencies {#python-optional-dependencies}
@ -1160,18 +1284,24 @@ called with `callPackage` and passed `python` or `pythonPackages` (possibly
specifying an interpreter version), like this:
```nix
{ lib, python3 }:
{ lib
, python3
}:
python3.pkgs.buildPythonApplication rec {
pname = "luigi";
version = "2.7.9";
format = "setuptools";
src = python3.pkgs.fetchPypi {
inherit pname version;
hash = "sha256-Pe229rT0aHwA98s+nTHQMEFKZPo/yw6sot8MivFDvAw=";
};
propagatedBuildInputs = with python3.pkgs; [ tornado python-daemon ];
propagatedBuildInputs = with python3.pkgs; [
tornado
python-daemon
];
meta = with lib; {
...
@ -1253,7 +1383,10 @@ running `nix-shell` with the following `shell.nix`
with import <nixpkgs> {};
(python3.buildEnv.override {
extraLibs = with python3Packages; [ numpy requests ];
extraLibs = with python3Packages; [
numpy
requests
];
}).env
```
@ -1279,7 +1412,7 @@ example for the Pyramid Web Framework environment can be written like this:
```nix
with import <nixpkgs> {};
python.withPackages (ps: [ps.pyramid])
python.withPackages (ps: [ ps.pyramid ])
```
`withPackages` passes the correct package set for the specific interpreter
@ -1289,7 +1422,7 @@ version as an argument to the function. In the above example, `ps` equals
```nix
with import <nixpkgs> {};
python3.withPackages (ps: [ps.pyramid])
python3.withPackages (ps: [ ps.pyramid ])
```
Now, `ps` is set to `python3Packages`, matching the version of the interpreter.
@ -1301,7 +1434,10 @@ thus be also written like this:
```nix
with import <nixpkgs> {};
(python38.withPackages (ps: [ps.numpy ps.requests])).env
(python3.withPackages (ps: with ps; [
numpy
requests
])).env
```
In contrast to `python.buildEnv`, `python.withPackages` does not support the
@ -1393,7 +1529,7 @@ has security implications and is relevant for those using Python in a
When the environment variable `DETERMINISTIC_BUILD` is set, all bytecode will
have timestamp 1. The `buildPythonPackage` function sets `DETERMINISTIC_BUILD=1`
and [PYTHONHASHSEED=0](https://docs.python.org/3.8/using/cmdline.html#envvar-PYTHONHASHSEED).
and [PYTHONHASHSEED=0](https://docs.python.org/3.11/using/cmdline.html#envvar-PYTHONHASHSEED).
Both are also exported in `nix-shell`.
### Automatic tests {#automatic-tests}
@ -1408,22 +1544,27 @@ example of such a situation is when `py.test` is used.
#### Common issues {#common-issues}
* Non-working tests can often be deselected. By default `buildPythonPackage`
runs `python setup.py test`. Most Python modules follows the standard test
protocol where the pytest runner can be used instead. `py.test` supports a
`-k` parameter to ignore test methods or classes:
runs `python setup.py test`. which is deprecated. Most Python modules however
do follow the standard test protocol where the pytest runner can be used
instead. `pytest` supports the `-k` and `--ignore` parameters to ignore test
methods or classes as well as whole files. For `pytestCheckHook` these are
conveniently exposed as `disabledTests` and `disabledTestPaths` respectively.
```nix
buildPythonPackage {
# ...
# assumes the tests are located in tests
nativeCheckInputs = [ pytest ];
checkPhase = ''
runHook preCheck
nativeCheckInputs = [
pytestCheckHook
];
py.test -k 'not function_name and not other_function' tests
disabledTests = [
"function_name"
"other_function"
];
runHook postCheck
'';
disabledTestPaths = [
"this/file.py"
];
}
```
@ -1451,9 +1592,13 @@ with import <nixpkgs> {};
packageOverrides = self: super: {
pandas = super.pandas.overridePythonAttrs(old: {name="foo";});
};
in pkgs.python38.override {inherit packageOverrides;};
in pkgs.python310.override {
inherit packageOverrides;
};
in python.withPackages(ps: [ps.pandas])).env
in python.withPackages (ps: [
ps.pandas
])).env
```
Using `nix-build` on this expression will build an environment that contains the
@ -1473,7 +1618,11 @@ with import <nixpkgs> {};
packageOverrides = self: super: {
scipy = super.scipy_0_17;
};
in (pkgs.python38.override {inherit packageOverrides;}).withPackages (ps: [ps.blaze])
in (pkgs.python310.override {
inherit packageOverrides;
}).withPackages (ps: [
ps.blaze
])
).env
```
@ -1487,11 +1636,11 @@ If you want the whole of Nixpkgs to use your modifications, then you can use
let
pkgs = import <nixpkgs> {};
newpkgs = import pkgs.path { overlays = [ (self: super: {
python38 = let
python310 = let
packageOverrides = python-self: python-super: {
numpy = python-super.numpy_1_18;
};
in super.python38.override {inherit packageOverrides;};
in super.python310.override {inherit packageOverrides;};
} ) ]; };
in newpkgs.inkscape
```