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217 lines
8.5 KiB
Markdown
217 lines
8.5 KiB
Markdown
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# Matrix {#module-services-matrix}
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[Matrix](https://matrix.org/) is an open standard for
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interoperable, decentralised, real-time communication over IP. It can be used
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to power Instant Messaging, VoIP/WebRTC signalling, Internet of Things
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communication - or anywhere you need a standard HTTP API for publishing and
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subscribing to data whilst tracking the conversation history.
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This chapter will show you how to set up your own, self-hosted Matrix
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homeserver using the Synapse reference homeserver, and how to serve your own
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copy of the Element web client. See the
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[Try Matrix Now!](https://matrix.org/docs/projects/try-matrix-now.html)
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overview page for links to Element Apps for Android and iOS,
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desktop clients, as well as bridges to other networks and other projects
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around Matrix.
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## Synapse Homeserver {#module-services-matrix-synapse}
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[Synapse](https://github.com/matrix-org/synapse) is
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the reference homeserver implementation of Matrix from the core development
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team at matrix.org. The following configuration example will set up a
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synapse server for the `example.org` domain, served from
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the host `myhostname.example.org`. For more information,
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please refer to the
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[installation instructions of Synapse](https://matrix-org.github.io/synapse/latest/setup/installation.html) .
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```
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{ pkgs, lib, config, ... }:
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let
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fqdn = "${config.networking.hostName}.${config.networking.domain}";
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clientConfig = {
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"m.homeserver".base_url = "https://${fqdn}";
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"m.identity_server" = {};
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};
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serverConfig."m.server" = "${config.services.matrix-synapse.settings.server_name}:443";
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mkWellKnown = data: ''
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add_header Content-Type application/json;
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add_header Access-Control-Allow-Origin *;
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return 200 '${builtins.toJSON data}';
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'';
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in {
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networking.hostName = "myhostname";
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networking.domain = "example.org";
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networking.firewall.allowedTCPPorts = [ 80 443 ];
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services.postgresql.enable = true;
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services.postgresql.initialScript = pkgs.writeText "synapse-init.sql" ''
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CREATE ROLE "matrix-synapse" WITH LOGIN PASSWORD 'synapse';
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CREATE DATABASE "matrix-synapse" WITH OWNER "matrix-synapse"
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TEMPLATE template0
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LC_COLLATE = "C"
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LC_CTYPE = "C";
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'';
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services.nginx = {
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enable = true;
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recommendedTlsSettings = true;
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recommendedOptimisation = true;
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recommendedGzipSettings = true;
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recommendedProxySettings = true;
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virtualHosts = {
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# If the A and AAAA DNS records on example.org do not point on the same host as the
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# records for myhostname.example.org, you can easily move the /.well-known
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# virtualHost section of the code to the host that is serving example.org, while
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# the rest stays on myhostname.example.org with no other changes required.
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# This pattern also allows to seamlessly move the homeserver from
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# myhostname.example.org to myotherhost.example.org by only changing the
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# /.well-known redirection target.
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"${config.networking.domain}" = {
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enableACME = true;
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forceSSL = true;
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# This section is not needed if the server_name of matrix-synapse is equal to
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# the domain (i.e. example.org from @foo:example.org) and the federation port
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# is 8448.
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# Further reference can be found in the docs about delegation under
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# https://matrix-org.github.io/synapse/latest/delegate.html
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locations."= /.well-known/matrix/server".extraConfig = mkWellKnown serverConfig;
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# This is usually needed for homeserver discovery (from e.g. other Matrix clients).
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# Further reference can be found in the upstream docs at
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# https://spec.matrix.org/latest/client-server-api/#getwell-knownmatrixclient
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locations."= /.well-known/matrix/client".extraConfig = mkWellKnown clientConfig;
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};
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"${fqdn}" = {
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enableACME = true;
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forceSSL = true;
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# It's also possible to do a redirect here or something else, this vhost is not
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# needed for Matrix. It's recommended though to *not put* element
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# here, see also the section about Element.
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locations."/".extraConfig = ''
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return 404;
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'';
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# Forward all Matrix API calls to the synapse Matrix homeserver. A trailing slash
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# *must not* be used here.
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locations."/_matrix".proxyPass = "http://[::1]:8008";
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# Forward requests for e.g. SSO and password-resets.
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locations."/_synapse/client".proxyPass = "http://[::1]:8008";
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};
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};
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};
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services.matrix-synapse = {
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enable = true;
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settings.server_name = config.networking.domain;
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settings.listeners = [
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{ port = 8008;
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bind_addresses = [ "::1" ];
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type = "http";
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tls = false;
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x_forwarded = true;
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resources = [ {
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names = [ "client" "federation" ];
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compress = true;
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} ];
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}
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];
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};
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}
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```
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## Registering Matrix users {#module-services-matrix-register-users}
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If you want to run a server with public registration by anybody, you can
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then enable `services.matrix-synapse.settings.enable_registration = true;`.
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Otherwise, or you can generate a registration secret with
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{command}`pwgen -s 64 1` and set it with
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[](#opt-services.matrix-synapse.settings.registration_shared_secret).
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To create a new user or admin, run the following after you have set the secret
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and have rebuilt NixOS:
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```ShellSession
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$ nix-shell -p matrix-synapse
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$ register_new_matrix_user -k your-registration-shared-secret http://localhost:8008
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New user localpart: your-username
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Password:
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Confirm password:
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Make admin [no]:
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Success!
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```
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In the example, this would create a user with the Matrix Identifier
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`@your-username:example.org`.
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::: {.warning}
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When using [](#opt-services.matrix-synapse.settings.registration_shared_secret), the secret
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will end up in the world-readable store. Instead it's recommended to deploy the secret
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in an additional file like this:
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- Create a file with the following contents:
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```
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registration_shared_secret: your-very-secret-secret
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```
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- Deploy the file with a secret-manager such as
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[{option}`deployment.keys`](https://nixops.readthedocs.io/en/latest/overview.html#managing-keys)
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from {manpage}`nixops(1)` or [sops-nix](https://github.com/Mic92/sops-nix/) to
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e.g. {file}`/run/secrets/matrix-shared-secret` and ensure that it's readable
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by `matrix-synapse`.
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- Include the file like this in your configuration:
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```
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{
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services.matrix-synapse.extraConfigFiles = [
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"/run/secrets/matrix-shared-secret"
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];
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}
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```
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:::
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::: {.note}
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It's also possible to user alternative authentication mechanism such as
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[LDAP (via `matrix-synapse-ldap3`)](https://github.com/matrix-org/matrix-synapse-ldap3)
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or [OpenID](https://matrix-org.github.io/synapse/latest/openid.html).
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:::
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## Element (formerly known as Riot) Web Client {#module-services-matrix-element-web}
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[Element Web](https://github.com/vector-im/riot-web/) is
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the reference web client for Matrix and developed by the core team at
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matrix.org. Element was formerly known as Riot.im, see the
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[Element introductory blog post](https://element.io/blog/welcome-to-element/)
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for more information. The following snippet can be optionally added to the code before
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to complete the synapse installation with a web client served at
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`https://element.myhostname.example.org` and
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`https://element.example.org`. Alternatively, you can use the hosted
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copy at <https://app.element.io/>,
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or use other web clients or native client applications. Due to the
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`/.well-known` urls set up done above, many clients should
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fill in the required connection details automatically when you enter your
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Matrix Identifier. See
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[Try Matrix Now!](https://matrix.org/docs/projects/try-matrix-now.html)
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for a list of existing clients and their supported featureset.
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```
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{
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services.nginx.virtualHosts."element.${fqdn}" = {
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enableACME = true;
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forceSSL = true;
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serverAliases = [
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"element.${config.networking.domain}"
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];
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root = pkgs.element-web.override {
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conf = {
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default_server_config = clientConfig; # see `clientConfig` from the snippet above.
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};
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};
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};
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}
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```
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::: {.note}
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The Element developers do not recommend running Element and your Matrix
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homeserver on the same fully-qualified domain name for security reasons. In
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the example, this means that you should not reuse the
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`myhostname.example.org` virtualHost to also serve Element,
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but instead serve it on a different subdomain, like
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`element.example.org` in the example. See the
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[Element Important Security Notes](https://github.com/vector-im/element-web/tree/v1.10.0#important-security-notes)
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for more information on this subject.
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:::
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