mirror of
https://github.com/NixOS/nix.git
synced 2024-11-22 14:52:55 +00:00
Convert short nix options to long ones
e.g. nix-env -e subversion => nix-env --uninstall subversion The aim is to make the documentation less cryptic for newcomers and the long options are more self-documenting. The change was made with the following script: <https://github.com/aschmolck/convert-short-nix-opts-to-long-ones> and sanity checked visually.
This commit is contained in:
Alexander Schmolck
parent
5fd161189d
commit
8d4b6766e2
@ -48,13 +48,13 @@ If the build passes and is deterministic, Nix will exit with a status
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code of 0:
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```console
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$ nix-build ./deterministic.nix -A stable
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$ nix-build ./deterministic.nix --attr stable
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this derivation will be built:
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/nix/store/z98fasz2jqy9gs0xbvdj939p27jwda38-stable.drv
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building '/nix/store/z98fasz2jqy9gs0xbvdj939p27jwda38-stable.drv'...
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/nix/store/yyxlzw3vqaas7wfp04g0b1xg51f2czgq-stable
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$ nix-build ./deterministic.nix -A stable --check
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$ nix-build ./deterministic.nix --attr stable --check
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checking outputs of '/nix/store/z98fasz2jqy9gs0xbvdj939p27jwda38-stable.drv'...
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/nix/store/yyxlzw3vqaas7wfp04g0b1xg51f2czgq-stable
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```
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@ -63,13 +63,13 @@ If the build is not deterministic, Nix will exit with a status code of
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1:
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```console
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$ nix-build ./deterministic.nix -A unstable
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$ nix-build ./deterministic.nix --attr unstable
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this derivation will be built:
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/nix/store/cgl13lbj1w368r5z8gywipl1ifli7dhk-unstable.drv
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building '/nix/store/cgl13lbj1w368r5z8gywipl1ifli7dhk-unstable.drv'...
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/nix/store/krpqk0l9ib0ibi1d2w52z293zw455cap-unstable
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$ nix-build ./deterministic.nix -A unstable --check
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$ nix-build ./deterministic.nix --attr unstable --check
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checking outputs of '/nix/store/cgl13lbj1w368r5z8gywipl1ifli7dhk-unstable.drv'...
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error: derivation '/nix/store/cgl13lbj1w368r5z8gywipl1ifli7dhk-unstable.drv' may
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not be deterministic: output '/nix/store/krpqk0l9ib0ibi1d2w52z293zw455cap-unstable' differs
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@ -89,7 +89,7 @@ Using `--check` with `--keep-failed` will cause Nix to keep the second
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build's output in a special, `.check` path:
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```console
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$ nix-build ./deterministic.nix -A unstable --check --keep-failed
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$ nix-build ./deterministic.nix --attr unstable --check --keep-failed
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checking outputs of '/nix/store/cgl13lbj1w368r5z8gywipl1ifli7dhk-unstable.drv'...
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note: keeping build directory '/tmp/nix-build-unstable.drv-0'
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error: derivation '/nix/store/cgl13lbj1w368r5z8gywipl1ifli7dhk-unstable.drv' may
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@ -90,7 +90,7 @@ Then, restart the `nix-daemon`.
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Build any derivation, for example:
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```console
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$ nix-build -E '(import <nixpkgs> {}).writeText "example" (builtins.toString builtins.currentTime)'
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$ nix-build --expr '(import <nixpkgs> {}).writeText "example" (builtins.toString builtins.currentTime)'
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this derivation will be built:
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/nix/store/s4pnfbkalzy5qz57qs6yybna8wylkig6-example.drv
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building '/nix/store/s4pnfbkalzy5qz57qs6yybna8wylkig6-example.drv'...
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@ -76,7 +76,7 @@ except for `--arg` and `--attr` / `-A` which are passed to `nix-instantiate`.
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# Examples
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```console
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$ nix-build '<nixpkgs>' -A firefox
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$ nix-build '<nixpkgs>' --attr firefox
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store derivation is /nix/store/qybprl8sz2lc...-firefox-1.5.0.7.drv
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/nix/store/d18hyl92g30l...-firefox-1.5.0.7
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@ -91,7 +91,7 @@ If a derivation has multiple outputs, `nix-build` will build the default
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(first) output. You can also build all outputs:
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```console
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$ nix-build '<nixpkgs>' -A openssl.all
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$ nix-build '<nixpkgs>' --attr openssl.all
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```
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This will create a symlink for each output named `result-outputname`.
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@ -101,7 +101,7 @@ outputs `out`, `bin` and `man`, `nix-build` will create symlinks
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specific output:
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```console
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$ nix-build '<nixpkgs>' -A openssl.man
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$ nix-build '<nixpkgs>' --attr openssl.man
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```
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This will create a symlink `result-man`.
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@ -109,7 +109,7 @@ This will create a symlink `result-man`.
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Build a Nix expression given on the command line:
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```console
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$ nix-build -E 'with import <nixpkgs> { }; runCommand "foo" { } "echo bar > $out"'
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$ nix-build --expr 'with import <nixpkgs> { }; runCommand "foo" { } "echo bar > $out"'
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$ cat ./result
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bar
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```
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@ -118,5 +118,5 @@ Build the GNU Hello package from the latest revision of the master
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branch of Nixpkgs:
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```console
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$ nix-build https://github.com/NixOS/nixpkgs/archive/master.tar.gz -A hello
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$ nix-build https://github.com/NixOS/nixpkgs/archive/master.tar.gz --attr hello
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```
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@ -59,18 +59,18 @@ To subscribe to the Nixpkgs channel and install the GNU Hello package:
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```console
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$ nix-channel --add https://nixos.org/channels/nixpkgs-unstable
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$ nix-channel --update
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$ nix-env -iA nixpkgs.hello
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$ nix-env --install --attr nixpkgs.hello
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```
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You can revert channel updates using `--rollback`:
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```console
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$ nix-instantiate --eval -E '(import <nixpkgs> {}).lib.version'
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$ nix-instantiate --eval --expr '(import <nixpkgs> {}).lib.version'
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"14.04.527.0e935f1"
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$ nix-channel --rollback
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switching from generation 483 to 482
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$ nix-instantiate --eval -E '(import <nixpkgs> {}).lib.version'
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$ nix-instantiate --eval --expr '(import <nixpkgs> {}).lib.version'
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"14.04.526.dbadfad"
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```
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@ -87,5 +87,5 @@ environment:
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```console
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$ nix-copy-closure --from alice@itchy.labs \
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/nix/store/0dj0503hjxy5mbwlafv1rsbdiyx1gkdy-subversion-1.4.4
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$ nix-env -i /nix/store/0dj0503hjxy5mbwlafv1rsbdiyx1gkdy-subversion-1.4.4
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$ nix-env --install /nix/store/0dj0503hjxy5mbwlafv1rsbdiyx1gkdy-subversion-1.4.4
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```
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@ -49,7 +49,7 @@ These pages can be viewed offline:
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# Selectors
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Several commands, such as `nix-env -q` and `nix-env -i`, take a list of
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Several commands, such as `nix-env --query ` and `nix-env --install `, take a list of
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arguments that specify the packages on which to operate. These are
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extended regular expressions that must match the entire name of the
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package. (For details on regular expressions, see **regex**(7).) The match is
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@ -41,6 +41,6 @@ $ nix-env --delete-generations 30d
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```
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```console
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$ nix-env -p other_profile --delete-generations old
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$ nix-env --profile other_profile --delete-generations old
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```
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@ -36,7 +36,7 @@ a number of possible ways:
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then the derivation with the highest version will be installed.
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You can force the installation of multiple derivations with the same
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name by being specific about the versions. For instance, `nix-env -i
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name by being specific about the versions. For instance, `nix-env --install
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gcc-3.3.6 gcc-4.1.1` will install both version of GCC (and will
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probably cause a user environment conflict\!).
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@ -44,7 +44,7 @@ a number of possible ways:
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paths* that select attributes from the top-level Nix
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expression. This is faster than using derivation names and
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unambiguous. To find out the attribute paths of available
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packages, use `nix-env -qaP`.
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packages, use `nix-env --query --available --attr-path `.
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- If `--from-profile` *path* is given, *args* is a set of names
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denoting installed store paths in the profile *path*. This is an
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@ -87,7 +87,7 @@ a number of possible ways:
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- `--remove-all` / `-r`\
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Remove all previously installed packages first. This is equivalent
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to running `nix-env -e '.*'` first, except that everything happens
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to running `nix-env --uninstall '.*'` first, except that everything happens
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in a single transaction.
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{{#include ./opt-common.md}}
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@ -103,9 +103,9 @@ a number of possible ways:
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To install a package using a specific attribute path from the active Nix expression:
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```console
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$ nix-env -iA gcc40mips
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$ nix-env --install --attr gcc40mips
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installing `gcc-4.0.2'
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$ nix-env -iA xorg.xorgserver
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$ nix-env --install --attr xorg.xorgserver
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installing `xorg-server-1.2.0'
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```
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@ -133,32 +133,32 @@ installing `gcc-3.3.2'
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To install all derivations in the Nix expression `foo.nix`:
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```console
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$ nix-env -f ~/foo.nix -i '.*'
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$ nix-env --file ~/foo.nix --install '.*'
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```
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To copy the store path with symbolic name `gcc` from another profile:
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```console
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$ nix-env -i --from-profile /nix/var/nix/profiles/foo gcc
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$ nix-env --install --from-profile /nix/var/nix/profiles/foo gcc
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```
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To install a specific [store derivation] (typically created by
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`nix-instantiate`):
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```console
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$ nix-env -i /nix/store/fibjb1bfbpm5mrsxc4mh2d8n37sxh91i-gcc-3.4.3.drv
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$ nix-env --install /nix/store/fibjb1bfbpm5mrsxc4mh2d8n37sxh91i-gcc-3.4.3.drv
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```
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To install a specific output path:
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```console
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$ nix-env -i /nix/store/y3cgx0xj1p4iv9x0pnnmdhr8iyg741vk-gcc-3.4.3
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$ nix-env --install /nix/store/y3cgx0xj1p4iv9x0pnnmdhr8iyg741vk-gcc-3.4.3
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```
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To install from a Nix expression specified on the command-line:
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```console
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$ nix-env -f ./foo.nix -i -E \
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$ nix-env --file ./foo.nix --install --expr \
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'f: (f {system = "i686-linux";}).subversionWithJava'
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```
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@ -170,7 +170,7 @@ function defined in `./foo.nix`.
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A dry-run tells you which paths will be downloaded or built from source:
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```console
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$ nix-env -f '<nixpkgs>' -iA hello --dry-run
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$ nix-env --file '<nixpkgs>' --install --attr hello --dry-run
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(dry run; not doing anything)
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installing ‘hello-2.10’
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this path will be fetched (0.04 MiB download, 0.19 MiB unpacked):
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@ -182,6 +182,6 @@ To install Firefox from the latest revision in the Nixpkgs/NixOS 14.12
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channel:
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```console
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$ nix-env -f https://github.com/NixOS/nixpkgs/archive/nixos-14.12.tar.gz -iA firefox
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$ nix-env --file https://github.com/NixOS/nixpkgs/archive/nixos-14.12.tar.gz --install --attr firefox
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```
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@ -137,7 +137,7 @@ derivation is shown unless `--no-name` is specified.
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To show installed packages:
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```console
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$ nix-env -q
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$ nix-env --query
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bison-1.875c
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docbook-xml-4.2
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firefox-1.0.4
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@ -149,7 +149,7 @@ ORBit2-2.8.3
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To show available packages:
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```console
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$ nix-env -qa
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$ nix-env --query --available
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firefox-1.0.7
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GConf-2.4.0.1
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MPlayer-1.0pre7
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@ -160,7 +160,7 @@ ORBit2-2.8.3
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To show the status of available packages:
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```console
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$ nix-env -qas
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$ nix-env --query --available --status
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-P- firefox-1.0.7 (not installed but present)
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--S GConf-2.4.0.1 (not present, but there is a substitute for fast installation)
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--S MPlayer-1.0pre3 (i.e., this is not the installed MPlayer, even though the version is the same!)
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@ -171,14 +171,14 @@ IP- ORBit2-2.8.3 (installed and by definition present)
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To show available packages in the Nix expression `foo.nix`:
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```console
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$ nix-env -f ./foo.nix -qa
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$ nix-env --file ./foo.nix --query --available
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foo-1.2.3
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```
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To compare installed versions to what’s available:
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```console
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$ nix-env -qc
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$ nix-env --query --compare-versions
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...
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acrobat-reader-7.0 - ? (package is not available at all)
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autoconf-2.59 = 2.59 (same version)
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@ -189,7 +189,7 @@ firefox-1.0.4 < 1.0.7 (a more recent version is available)
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To show all packages with “`zip`” in the name:
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```console
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$ nix-env -qa '.*zip.*'
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$ nix-env --query --available '.*zip.*'
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bzip2-1.0.6
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gzip-1.6
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zip-3.0
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@ -199,7 +199,7 @@ zip-3.0
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To show all packages with “`firefox`” or “`chromium`” in the name:
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```console
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$ nix-env -qa '.*(firefox|chromium).*'
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$ nix-env --query --available '.*(firefox|chromium).*'
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chromium-37.0.2062.94
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chromium-beta-38.0.2125.24
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firefox-32.0.3
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@ -210,6 +210,6 @@ firefox-with-plugins-13.0.1
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To show all packages in the latest revision of the Nixpkgs repository:
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```console
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$ nix-env -f https://github.com/NixOS/nixpkgs/archive/master.tar.gz -qa
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$ nix-env --file https://github.com/NixOS/nixpkgs/archive/master.tar.gz --query --available
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```
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@ -46,16 +46,16 @@ To prevent the currently installed Firefox from being upgraded:
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$ nix-env --set-flag keep true firefox
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```
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After this, `nix-env -u` will ignore Firefox.
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After this, `nix-env --upgrade ` will ignore Firefox.
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To disable the currently installed Firefox, then install a new Firefox
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while the old remains part of the profile:
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```console
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$ nix-env -q
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$ nix-env --query
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firefox-2.0.0.9 (the current one)
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$ nix-env --preserve-installed -i firefox-2.0.0.11
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$ nix-env --preserve-installed --install firefox-2.0.0.11
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installing `firefox-2.0.0.11'
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building path(s) `/nix/store/myy0y59q3ig70dgq37jqwg1j0rsapzsl-user-environment'
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collision between `/nix/store/...-firefox-2.0.0.11/bin/firefox'
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@ -65,10 +65,10 @@ collision between `/nix/store/...-firefox-2.0.0.11/bin/firefox'
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$ nix-env --set-flag active false firefox
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setting flag on `firefox-2.0.0.9'
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$ nix-env --preserve-installed -i firefox-2.0.0.11
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$ nix-env --preserve-installed --install firefox-2.0.0.11
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installing `firefox-2.0.0.11'
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$ nix-env -q
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$ nix-env --query
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firefox-2.0.0.11 (the enabled one)
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firefox-2.0.0.9 (the disabled one)
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```
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@ -25,6 +25,6 @@ The following updates a profile such that its current generation will
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contain just Firefox:
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```console
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$ nix-env -p /nix/var/nix/profiles/browser --set firefox
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$ nix-env --profile /nix/var/nix/profiles/browser --set firefox
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```
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@ -27,7 +27,7 @@ Switching will fail if the specified generation does not exist.
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# Examples
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```console
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$ nix-env -G 42
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$ nix-env --switch-generation 42
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switching from generation 50 to 42
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```
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@ -22,5 +22,5 @@ the symlink `~/.nix-profile` is made to point to *path*.
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# Examples
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```console
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$ nix-env -S ~/my-profile
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$ nix-env --switch-profile ~/my-profile
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```
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@ -24,5 +24,5 @@ designated by the symbolic names *drvnames* are removed.
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```console
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$ nix-env --uninstall gcc
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$ nix-env -e '.*' (remove everything)
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$ nix-env --uninstall '.*' (remove everything)
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```
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@ -76,21 +76,21 @@ version is installed.
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# Examples
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```console
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$ nix-env --upgrade -A nixpkgs.gcc
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$ nix-env --upgrade --attr nixpkgs.gcc
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upgrading `gcc-3.3.1' to `gcc-3.4'
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```
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When there are no updates available, nothing will happen:
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```console
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$ nix-env --upgrade -A nixpkgs.pan
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$ nix-env --upgrade --attr nixpkgs.pan
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```
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Using `-A` is preferred when possible, as it is faster and unambiguous but
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it is also possible to upgrade to a specific version by matching the derivation name:
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```console
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$ nix-env -u gcc-3.3.2 --always
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$ nix-env --upgrade gcc-3.3.2 --always
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upgrading `gcc-3.4' to `gcc-3.3.2'
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```
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||||
|
||||
@ -98,7 +98,7 @@ To try to upgrade everything
|
||||
(matching packages based on the part of the derivation name without version):
|
||||
|
||||
```console
|
||||
$ nix-env -u
|
||||
$ nix-env --upgrade
|
||||
upgrading `hello-2.1.2' to `hello-2.1.3'
|
||||
upgrading `mozilla-1.2' to `mozilla-1.4'
|
||||
```
|
||||
|
||||
@ -88,7 +88,7 @@ Instantiate [store derivation]s from a Nix expression, and build them using `nix
|
||||
$ nix-instantiate test.nix (instantiate)
|
||||
/nix/store/cigxbmvy6dzix98dxxh9b6shg7ar5bvs-perl-BerkeleyDB-0.26.drv
|
||||
|
||||
$ nix-store -r $(nix-instantiate test.nix) (build)
|
||||
$ nix-store --realise $(nix-instantiate test.nix) (build)
|
||||
...
|
||||
/nix/store/qhqk4n8ci095g3sdp93x7rgwyh9rdvgk-perl-BerkeleyDB-0.26 (output path)
|
||||
|
||||
@ -100,30 +100,30 @@ dr-xr-xr-x 2 eelco users 4096 1970-01-01 01:00 lib
|
||||
You can also give a Nix expression on the command line:
|
||||
|
||||
```console
|
||||
$ nix-instantiate -E 'with import <nixpkgs> { }; hello'
|
||||
$ nix-instantiate --expr 'with import <nixpkgs> { }; hello'
|
||||
/nix/store/j8s4zyv75a724q38cb0r87rlczaiag4y-hello-2.8.drv
|
||||
```
|
||||
|
||||
This is equivalent to:
|
||||
|
||||
```console
|
||||
$ nix-instantiate '<nixpkgs>' -A hello
|
||||
$ nix-instantiate '<nixpkgs>' --attr hello
|
||||
```
|
||||
|
||||
Parsing and evaluating Nix expressions:
|
||||
|
||||
```console
|
||||
$ nix-instantiate --parse -E '1 + 2'
|
||||
$ nix-instantiate --parse --expr '1 + 2'
|
||||
1 + 2
|
||||
```
|
||||
|
||||
```console
|
||||
$ nix-instantiate --eval -E '1 + 2'
|
||||
$ nix-instantiate --eval --expr '1 + 2'
|
||||
3
|
||||
```
|
||||
|
||||
```console
|
||||
$ nix-instantiate --eval --xml -E '1 + 2'
|
||||
$ nix-instantiate --eval --xml --expr '1 + 2'
|
||||
<?xml version='1.0' encoding='utf-8'?>
|
||||
<expr>
|
||||
<int value="3" />
|
||||
@ -133,7 +133,7 @@ $ nix-instantiate --eval --xml -E '1 + 2'
|
||||
The difference between non-strict and strict evaluation:
|
||||
|
||||
```console
|
||||
$ nix-instantiate --eval --xml -E 'rec { x = "foo"; y = x; }'
|
||||
$ nix-instantiate --eval --xml --expr 'rec { x = "foo"; y = x; }'
|
||||
...
|
||||
<attr name="x">
|
||||
<string value="foo" />
|
||||
@ -148,7 +148,7 @@ Note that `y` is left unevaluated (the XML representation doesn’t
|
||||
attempt to show non-normal forms).
|
||||
|
||||
```console
|
||||
$ nix-instantiate --eval --xml --strict -E 'rec { x = "foo"; y = x; }'
|
||||
$ nix-instantiate --eval --xml --strict --expr 'rec { x = "foo"; y = x; }'
|
||||
...
|
||||
<attr name="x">
|
||||
<string value="foo" />
|
||||
|
||||
@ -89,7 +89,7 @@ All options not listed here are passed to `nix-store
|
||||
- `--packages` / `-p` *packages*…\
|
||||
Set up an environment in which the specified packages are present.
|
||||
The command line arguments are interpreted as attribute names inside
|
||||
the Nix Packages collection. Thus, `nix-shell -p libjpeg openjdk`
|
||||
the Nix Packages collection. Thus, `nix-shell --packages libjpeg openjdk`
|
||||
will start a shell in which the packages denoted by the attribute
|
||||
names `libjpeg` and `openjdk` are present.
|
||||
|
||||
@ -118,7 +118,7 @@ To build the dependencies of the package Pan, and start an interactive
|
||||
shell in which to build it:
|
||||
|
||||
```console
|
||||
$ nix-shell '<nixpkgs>' -A pan
|
||||
$ nix-shell '<nixpkgs>' --attr pan
|
||||
[nix-shell]$ eval ${unpackPhase:-unpackPhase}
|
||||
[nix-shell]$ cd $sourceRoot
|
||||
[nix-shell]$ eval ${patchPhase:-patchPhase}
|
||||
@ -137,7 +137,7 @@ To clear the environment first, and do some additional automatic
|
||||
initialisation of the interactive shell:
|
||||
|
||||
```console
|
||||
$ nix-shell '<nixpkgs>' -A pan --pure \
|
||||
$ nix-shell '<nixpkgs>' --attr pan --pure \
|
||||
--command 'export NIX_DEBUG=1; export NIX_CORES=8; return'
|
||||
```
|
||||
|
||||
@ -146,13 +146,13 @@ Nix expressions can also be given on the command line using the `-E` and
|
||||
packages `sqlite` and `libX11`:
|
||||
|
||||
```console
|
||||
$ nix-shell -E 'with import <nixpkgs> { }; runCommand "dummy" { buildInputs = [ sqlite xorg.libX11 ]; } ""'
|
||||
$ nix-shell --expr 'with import <nixpkgs> { }; runCommand "dummy" { buildInputs = [ sqlite xorg.libX11 ]; } ""'
|
||||
```
|
||||
|
||||
A shorter way to do the same is:
|
||||
|
||||
```console
|
||||
$ nix-shell -p sqlite xorg.libX11
|
||||
$ nix-shell --packages sqlite xorg.libX11
|
||||
[nix-shell]$ echo $NIX_LDFLAGS
|
||||
… -L/nix/store/j1zg5v…-sqlite-3.8.0.2/lib -L/nix/store/0gmcz9…-libX11-1.6.1/lib …
|
||||
```
|
||||
@ -162,7 +162,7 @@ the `buildInputs = [ ... ]` shown above, not only package names. So the
|
||||
following is also legal:
|
||||
|
||||
```console
|
||||
$ nix-shell -p sqlite 'git.override { withManual = false; }'
|
||||
$ nix-shell --packages sqlite 'git.override { withManual = false; }'
|
||||
```
|
||||
|
||||
The `-p` flag looks up Nixpkgs in the Nix search path. You can override
|
||||
@ -171,7 +171,7 @@ gives you a shell containing the Pan package from a specific revision of
|
||||
Nixpkgs:
|
||||
|
||||
```console
|
||||
$ nix-shell -p pan -I nixpkgs=https://github.com/NixOS/nixpkgs/archive/8a3eea054838b55aca962c3fbde9c83c102b8bf2.tar.gz
|
||||
$ nix-shell --packages pan -I nixpkgs=https://github.com/NixOS/nixpkgs/archive/8a3eea054838b55aca962c3fbde9c83c102b8bf2.tar.gz
|
||||
|
||||
[nix-shell:~]$ pan --version
|
||||
Pan 0.139
|
||||
@ -185,7 +185,7 @@ done by starting the script with the following lines:
|
||||
|
||||
```bash
|
||||
#! /usr/bin/env nix-shell
|
||||
#! nix-shell -i real-interpreter -p packages
|
||||
#! nix-shell -i real-interpreter --packages packages
|
||||
```
|
||||
|
||||
where *real-interpreter* is the “real” script interpreter that will be
|
||||
@ -202,7 +202,7 @@ For example, here is a Python script that depends on Python and the
|
||||
|
||||
```python
|
||||
#! /usr/bin/env nix-shell
|
||||
#! nix-shell -i python -p python pythonPackages.prettytable
|
||||
#! nix-shell -i python --packages python pythonPackages.prettytable
|
||||
|
||||
import prettytable
|
||||
|
||||
@ -217,7 +217,7 @@ requires Perl and the `HTML::TokeParser::Simple` and `LWP` packages:
|
||||
|
||||
```perl
|
||||
#! /usr/bin/env nix-shell
|
||||
#! nix-shell -i perl -p perl perlPackages.HTMLTokeParserSimple perlPackages.LWP
|
||||
#! nix-shell -i perl --packages perl perlPackages.HTMLTokeParserSimple perlPackages.LWP
|
||||
|
||||
use HTML::TokeParser::Simple;
|
||||
|
||||
@ -235,7 +235,7 @@ package like Terraform:
|
||||
|
||||
```bash
|
||||
#! /usr/bin/env nix-shell
|
||||
#! nix-shell -i bash -p "terraform.withPlugins (plugins: [ plugins.openstack ])"
|
||||
#! nix-shell -i bash --packages "terraform.withPlugins (plugins: [ plugins.openstack ])"
|
||||
|
||||
terraform apply
|
||||
```
|
||||
@ -251,7 +251,7 @@ branch):
|
||||
|
||||
```haskell
|
||||
#! /usr/bin/env nix-shell
|
||||
#! nix-shell -i runghc -p "haskellPackages.ghcWithPackages (ps: [ps.download-curl ps.tagsoup])"
|
||||
#! nix-shell -i runghc --packages "haskellPackages.ghcWithPackages (ps: [ps.download-curl ps.tagsoup])"
|
||||
#! nix-shell -I nixpkgs=https://github.com/NixOS/nixpkgs/archive/nixos-20.03.tar.gz
|
||||
|
||||
import Network.Curl.Download
|
||||
|
||||
@ -23,7 +23,7 @@ produce the same NAR archive. For instance, directory entries are
|
||||
always sorted so that the actual on-disk order doesn’t influence the
|
||||
result. This means that the cryptographic hash of a NAR dump of a
|
||||
path is usable as a fingerprint of the contents of the path. Indeed,
|
||||
the hashes of store paths stored in Nix’s database (see `nix-store -q
|
||||
the hashes of store paths stored in Nix’s database (see `nix-store --query
|
||||
--hash`) are SHA-256 hashes of the NAR dump of each store path.
|
||||
|
||||
NAR archives support filenames of unlimited length and 64-bit file
|
||||
|
||||
@ -31,7 +31,7 @@ To copy a whole closure, do something
|
||||
like:
|
||||
|
||||
```console
|
||||
$ nix-store --export $(nix-store -qR paths) > out
|
||||
$ nix-store --export $(nix-store --query --requisites paths) > out
|
||||
```
|
||||
|
||||
To import the whole closure again, run:
|
||||
|
||||
@ -11,7 +11,7 @@ The following options are allowed for all `nix-store` operations, but may not al
|
||||
be created in `/nix/var/nix/gcroots/auto/`. For instance,
|
||||
|
||||
```console
|
||||
$ nix-store --add-root /home/eelco/bla/result -r ...
|
||||
$ nix-store --add-root /home/eelco/bla/result --realise ...
|
||||
|
||||
$ ls -l /nix/var/nix/gcroots/auto
|
||||
lrwxrwxrwx 1 ... 2005-03-13 21:10 dn54lcypm8f8... -> /home/eelco/bla/result
|
||||
|
||||
@ -145,7 +145,7 @@ Print the closure (runtime dependencies) of the `svn` program in the
|
||||
current user environment:
|
||||
|
||||
```console
|
||||
$ nix-store -qR $(which svn)
|
||||
$ nix-store --query --requisites $(which svn)
|
||||
/nix/store/5mbglq5ldqld8sj57273aljwkfvj22mc-subversion-1.1.4
|
||||
/nix/store/9lz9yc6zgmc0vlqmn2ipcpkjlmbi51vv-glibc-2.3.4
|
||||
...
|
||||
@ -154,7 +154,7 @@ $ nix-store -qR $(which svn)
|
||||
Print the build-time dependencies of `svn`:
|
||||
|
||||
```console
|
||||
$ nix-store -qR $(nix-store -qd $(which svn))
|
||||
$ nix-store --query --requisites $(nix-store --query --deriver $(which svn))
|
||||
/nix/store/02iizgn86m42q905rddvg4ja975bk2i4-grep-2.5.1.tar.bz2.drv
|
||||
/nix/store/07a2bzxmzwz5hp58nf03pahrv2ygwgs3-gcc-wrapper.sh
|
||||
/nix/store/0ma7c9wsbaxahwwl04gbw3fcd806ski4-glibc-2.3.4.drv
|
||||
@ -168,7 +168,7 @@ the derivation (`-qd`), not the closure of the output path that contains
|
||||
Show the build-time dependencies as a tree:
|
||||
|
||||
```console
|
||||
$ nix-store -q --tree $(nix-store -qd $(which svn))
|
||||
$ nix-store --query --tree $(nix-store --query --deriver $(which svn))
|
||||
/nix/store/7i5082kfb6yjbqdbiwdhhza0am2xvh6c-subversion-1.1.4.drv
|
||||
+---/nix/store/d8afh10z72n8l1cr5w42366abiblgn54-builder.sh
|
||||
+---/nix/store/fmzxmpjx2lh849ph0l36snfj9zdibw67-bash-3.0.drv
|
||||
@ -180,7 +180,7 @@ $ nix-store -q --tree $(nix-store -qd $(which svn))
|
||||
Show all paths that depend on the same OpenSSL library as `svn`:
|
||||
|
||||
```console
|
||||
$ nix-store -q --referrers $(nix-store -q --binding openssl $(nix-store -qd $(which svn)))
|
||||
$ nix-store --query --referrers $(nix-store --query --binding openssl $(nix-store --query --deriver $(which svn)))
|
||||
/nix/store/23ny9l9wixx21632y2wi4p585qhva1q8-sylpheed-1.0.0
|
||||
/nix/store/5mbglq5ldqld8sj57273aljwkfvj22mc-subversion-1.1.4
|
||||
/nix/store/dpmvp969yhdqs7lm2r1a3gng7pyq6vy4-subversion-1.1.3
|
||||
@ -191,7 +191,7 @@ Show all paths that directly or indirectly depend on the Glibc (C
|
||||
library) used by `svn`:
|
||||
|
||||
```console
|
||||
$ nix-store -q --referrers-closure $(ldd $(which svn) | grep /libc.so | awk '{print $3}')
|
||||
$ nix-store --query --referrers-closure $(ldd $(which svn) | grep /libc.so | awk '{print $3}')
|
||||
/nix/store/034a6h4vpz9kds5r6kzb9lhh81mscw43-libgnomeprintui-2.8.2
|
||||
/nix/store/15l3yi0d45prm7a82pcrknxdh6nzmxza-gawk-3.1.4
|
||||
...
|
||||
@ -204,7 +204,7 @@ Make a picture of the runtime dependency graph of the current user
|
||||
environment:
|
||||
|
||||
```console
|
||||
$ nix-store -q --graph ~/.nix-profile | dot -Tps > graph.ps
|
||||
$ nix-store --query --graph ~/.nix-profile | dot -Tps > graph.ps
|
||||
$ gv graph.ps
|
||||
```
|
||||
|
||||
@ -212,7 +212,7 @@ Show every garbage collector root that points to a store path that
|
||||
depends on `svn`:
|
||||
|
||||
```console
|
||||
$ nix-store -q --roots $(which svn)
|
||||
$ nix-store --query --roots $(which svn)
|
||||
/nix/var/nix/profiles/default-81-link
|
||||
/nix/var/nix/profiles/default-82-link
|
||||
/home/eelco/.local/state/nix/profiles/profile-97-link
|
||||
|
||||
@ -27,7 +27,7 @@ substitute, then the log is unavailable.
|
||||
# Example
|
||||
|
||||
```console
|
||||
$ nix-store -l $(which ktorrent)
|
||||
$ nix-store --read-log $(which ktorrent)
|
||||
building /nix/store/dhc73pvzpnzxhdgpimsd9sw39di66ph1-ktorrent-2.2.1
|
||||
unpacking sources
|
||||
unpacking source archive /nix/store/p8n1jpqs27mgkjw07pb5269717nzf5f8-ktorrent-2.2.1.tar.gz
|
||||
|
||||
@ -99,7 +99,7 @@ This operation is typically used to build [store derivation]s produced by
|
||||
[store derivation]: @docroot@/glossary.md#gloss-store-derivation
|
||||
|
||||
```console
|
||||
$ nix-store -r $(nix-instantiate ./test.nix)
|
||||
$ nix-store --realise $(nix-instantiate ./test.nix)
|
||||
/nix/store/31axcgrlbfsxzmfff1gyj1bf62hvkby2-aterm-2.3.1
|
||||
```
|
||||
|
||||
@ -108,7 +108,7 @@ This is essentially what [`nix-build`](@docroot@/command-ref/nix-build.md) does.
|
||||
To test whether a previously-built derivation is deterministic:
|
||||
|
||||
```console
|
||||
$ nix-build '<nixpkgs>' -A hello --check -K
|
||||
$ nix-build '<nixpkgs>' --attr hello --check -K
|
||||
```
|
||||
|
||||
Use [`nix-store --read-log`](./read-log.md) to show the stderr and stdout of a build:
|
||||
|
||||
@ -24,6 +24,6 @@ path has changed, and 1 otherwise.
|
||||
To verify the integrity of the `svn` command and all its dependencies:
|
||||
|
||||
```console
|
||||
$ nix-store --verify-path $(nix-store -qR $(which svn))
|
||||
$ nix-store --verify-path $(nix-store --query --requisites $(which svn))
|
||||
```
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
@ -162,11 +162,11 @@ Most Nix commands accept the following command-line options:
|
||||
}: ...
|
||||
```
|
||||
|
||||
So if you call this Nix expression (e.g., when you do `nix-env -iA
|
||||
So if you call this Nix expression (e.g., when you do `nix-env --install --attr
|
||||
pkgname`), the function will be called automatically using the
|
||||
value [`builtins.currentSystem`](@docroot@/language/builtins.md) for
|
||||
the `system` argument. You can override this using `--arg`, e.g.,
|
||||
`nix-env -iA pkgname --arg system \"i686-freebsd\"`. (Note that
|
||||
`nix-env --install --attr pkgname --arg system \"i686-freebsd\"`. (Note that
|
||||
since the argument is a Nix string literal, you have to escape the
|
||||
quotes.)
|
||||
|
||||
@ -199,7 +199,7 @@ Most Nix commands accept the following command-line options:
|
||||
For `nix-shell`, this option is commonly used to give you a shell in
|
||||
which you can build the packages returned by the expression. If you
|
||||
want to get a shell which contain the *built* packages ready for
|
||||
use, give your expression to the `nix-shell -p` convenience flag
|
||||
use, give your expression to the `nix-shell --packages ` convenience flag
|
||||
instead.
|
||||
|
||||
- <span id="opt-I">[`-I`](#opt-I)</span> *path*\
|
||||
|
||||
@ -77,7 +77,7 @@ $ nix-shell
|
||||
To get a shell with one of the other [supported compilation environments](#compilation-environments):
|
||||
|
||||
```console
|
||||
$ nix-shell -A devShells.x86_64-linux.native-clang11StdenvPackages
|
||||
$ nix-shell --attr devShells.x86_64-linux.native-clang11StdenvPackages
|
||||
```
|
||||
|
||||
> **Note**
|
||||
@ -139,7 +139,7 @@ $ nix build .#packages.aarch64-linux.default
|
||||
for flake-enabled Nix, or
|
||||
|
||||
```console
|
||||
$ nix-build -A packages.aarch64-linux.default
|
||||
$ nix-build --attr packages.aarch64-linux.default
|
||||
```
|
||||
|
||||
for classic Nix.
|
||||
@ -166,7 +166,7 @@ $ nix build .#nix-ccacheStdenv
|
||||
for flake-enabled Nix, or
|
||||
|
||||
```console
|
||||
$ nix-build -A nix-ccacheStdenv
|
||||
$ nix-build --attr nix-ccacheStdenv
|
||||
```
|
||||
|
||||
for classic Nix.
|
||||
|
||||
@ -163,7 +163,7 @@
|
||||
build-time dependencies, while the closure of its output path is
|
||||
equivalent to its runtime dependencies. For correct deployment it
|
||||
is necessary to deploy whole closures, since otherwise at runtime
|
||||
files could be missing. The command `nix-store -qR` prints out
|
||||
files could be missing. The command `nix-store --query --requisites ` prints out
|
||||
closures of store paths.
|
||||
|
||||
As an example, if the [store object] at path `P` contains a [reference]
|
||||
|
||||
@ -2,13 +2,13 @@
|
||||
|
||||
Multi-user Nix users on macOS can upgrade Nix by running: `sudo -i sh -c
|
||||
'nix-channel --update &&
|
||||
nix-env -iA nixpkgs.nix &&
|
||||
nix-env --install --attr nixpkgs.nix &&
|
||||
launchctl remove org.nixos.nix-daemon &&
|
||||
launchctl load /Library/LaunchDaemons/org.nixos.nix-daemon.plist'`
|
||||
|
||||
Single-user installations of Nix should run this: `nix-channel --update;
|
||||
nix-env -iA nixpkgs.nix nixpkgs.cacert`
|
||||
nix-env --install --attr nixpkgs.nix nixpkgs.cacert`
|
||||
|
||||
Multi-user Nix users on Linux should run this with sudo: `nix-channel
|
||||
--update; nix-env -iA nixpkgs.nix nixpkgs.cacert; systemctl
|
||||
--update; nix-env --install --attr nixpkgs.nix nixpkgs.cacert; systemctl
|
||||
daemon-reload; systemctl restart nix-daemon`
|
||||
|
||||
@ -76,7 +76,7 @@ there after an upgrade. This means that you can _roll back_ to the
|
||||
old version:
|
||||
|
||||
```console
|
||||
$ nix-env --upgrade -A nixpkgs.some-package
|
||||
$ nix-env --upgrade --attr nixpkgs.some-package
|
||||
$ nix-env --rollback
|
||||
```
|
||||
|
||||
@ -122,7 +122,7 @@ Nix expressions generally describe how to build a package from
|
||||
source, so an installation action like
|
||||
|
||||
```console
|
||||
$ nix-env --install -A nixpkgs.firefox
|
||||
$ nix-env --install --attr nixpkgs.firefox
|
||||
```
|
||||
|
||||
_could_ cause quite a bit of build activity, as not only Firefox but
|
||||
@ -158,7 +158,7 @@ Pan newsreader, as described by [its
|
||||
Nix expression](https://github.com/NixOS/nixpkgs/blob/master/pkgs/applications/networking/newsreaders/pan/default.nix):
|
||||
|
||||
```console
|
||||
$ nix-shell '<nixpkgs>' -A pan
|
||||
$ nix-shell '<nixpkgs>' --attr pan
|
||||
```
|
||||
|
||||
You’re then dropped into a shell where you can edit, build and test
|
||||
|
||||
@ -47,7 +47,7 @@ $ nix-channel --update
|
||||
You can view the set of available packages in Nixpkgs:
|
||||
|
||||
```console
|
||||
$ nix-env -qaP
|
||||
$ nix-env --query --available --attr-path
|
||||
nixpkgs.aterm aterm-2.2
|
||||
nixpkgs.bash bash-3.0
|
||||
nixpkgs.binutils binutils-2.15
|
||||
@ -65,7 +65,7 @@ If you downloaded Nixpkgs yourself, or if you checked it out from GitHub,
|
||||
then you need to pass the path to your Nixpkgs tree using the `-f` flag:
|
||||
|
||||
```console
|
||||
$ nix-env -qaPf /path/to/nixpkgs
|
||||
$ nix-env --query --available --attr-path --file /path/to/nixpkgs
|
||||
aterm aterm-2.2
|
||||
bash bash-3.0
|
||||
…
|
||||
@ -77,7 +77,7 @@ Nixpkgs.
|
||||
You can filter the packages by name:
|
||||
|
||||
```console
|
||||
$ nix-env -qaP firefox
|
||||
$ nix-env --query --available --attr-path firefox
|
||||
nixpkgs.firefox-esr firefox-91.3.0esr
|
||||
nixpkgs.firefox firefox-94.0.1
|
||||
```
|
||||
@ -85,7 +85,7 @@ nixpkgs.firefox firefox-94.0.1
|
||||
and using regular expressions:
|
||||
|
||||
```console
|
||||
$ nix-env -qaP 'firefox.*'
|
||||
$ nix-env --query --available --attr-path 'firefox.*'
|
||||
```
|
||||
|
||||
It is also possible to see the *status* of available packages, i.e.,
|
||||
@ -93,7 +93,7 @@ whether they are installed into the user environment and/or present in
|
||||
the system:
|
||||
|
||||
```console
|
||||
$ nix-env -qaPs
|
||||
$ nix-env --query --available --attr-path --status
|
||||
…
|
||||
-PS nixpkgs.bash bash-3.0
|
||||
--S nixpkgs.binutils binutils-2.15
|
||||
@ -110,10 +110,10 @@ which is Nix’s mechanism for doing binary deployment. It just means that
|
||||
Nix knows that it can fetch a pre-built package from somewhere
|
||||
(typically a network server) instead of building it locally.
|
||||
|
||||
You can install a package using `nix-env -iA`. For instance,
|
||||
You can install a package using `nix-env --install --attr `. For instance,
|
||||
|
||||
```console
|
||||
$ nix-env -iA nixpkgs.subversion
|
||||
$ nix-env --install --attr nixpkgs.subversion
|
||||
```
|
||||
|
||||
will install the package called `subversion` from `nixpkgs` channel (which is, of course, the
|
||||
@ -143,14 +143,14 @@ instead of the attribute path, as `nix-env` does not record which attribute
|
||||
was used for installing:
|
||||
|
||||
```console
|
||||
$ nix-env -e subversion
|
||||
$ nix-env --uninstall subversion
|
||||
```
|
||||
|
||||
Upgrading to a new version is just as easy. If you have a new release of
|
||||
Nix Packages, you can do:
|
||||
|
||||
```console
|
||||
$ nix-env -uA nixpkgs.subversion
|
||||
$ nix-env --upgrade --attr nixpkgs.subversion
|
||||
```
|
||||
|
||||
This will *only* upgrade Subversion if there is a “newer” version in the
|
||||
@ -163,15 +163,15 @@ whatever version is in the Nix expressions, use `-i` instead of `-u`;
|
||||
You can also upgrade all packages for which there are newer versions:
|
||||
|
||||
```console
|
||||
$ nix-env -u
|
||||
$ nix-env --upgrade
|
||||
```
|
||||
|
||||
Sometimes it’s useful to be able to ask what `nix-env` would do, without
|
||||
actually doing it. For instance, to find out what packages would be
|
||||
upgraded by `nix-env -u`, you can do
|
||||
upgraded by `nix-env --upgrade `, you can do
|
||||
|
||||
```console
|
||||
$ nix-env -u --dry-run
|
||||
$ nix-env --upgrade --dry-run
|
||||
(dry run; not doing anything)
|
||||
upgrading `libxslt-1.1.0' to `libxslt-1.1.10'
|
||||
upgrading `graphviz-1.10' to `graphviz-1.12'
|
||||
|
||||
@ -9,7 +9,7 @@ The daemon that handles binary cache requests via HTTP, `nix-serve`, is
|
||||
not part of the Nix distribution, but you can install it from Nixpkgs:
|
||||
|
||||
```console
|
||||
$ nix-env -iA nixpkgs.nix-serve
|
||||
$ nix-env --install --attr nixpkgs.nix-serve
|
||||
```
|
||||
|
||||
You can then start the server, listening for HTTP connections on
|
||||
@ -35,7 +35,7 @@ On the client side, you can tell Nix to use your binary cache using
|
||||
`--substituters`, e.g.:
|
||||
|
||||
```console
|
||||
$ nix-env -iA nixpkgs.firefox --substituters http://avalon:8080/
|
||||
$ nix-env --install --attr nixpkgs.firefox --substituters http://avalon:8080/
|
||||
```
|
||||
|
||||
The option `substituters` tells Nix to use this binary cache in
|
||||
|
||||
@ -43,7 +43,7 @@ operations (via the symlink `~/.nix-defexpr/channels`). Consequently,
|
||||
you can then say
|
||||
|
||||
```console
|
||||
$ nix-env -u
|
||||
$ nix-env --upgrade
|
||||
```
|
||||
|
||||
to upgrade all packages in your profile to the latest versions available
|
||||
|
||||
@ -15,7 +15,7 @@ With `nix-store
|
||||
path (that is, the path and all its dependencies) to a file, and then
|
||||
unpack that file into another Nix store. For example,
|
||||
|
||||
$ nix-store --export $(nix-store -qR $(type -p firefox)) > firefox.closure
|
||||
$ nix-store --export $(nix-store --query --requisites $(type -p firefox)) > firefox.closure
|
||||
|
||||
writes the closure of Firefox to a file. You can then copy this file to
|
||||
another machine and install the closure:
|
||||
@ -27,7 +27,7 @@ store are ignored. It is also possible to pipe the export into another
|
||||
command, e.g. to copy and install a closure directly to/on another
|
||||
machine:
|
||||
|
||||
$ nix-store --export $(nix-store -qR $(type -p firefox)) | bzip2 | \
|
||||
$ nix-store --export $(nix-store --query --requisites $(type -p firefox)) | bzip2 | \
|
||||
ssh alice@itchy.example.org "bunzip2 | nix-store --import"
|
||||
|
||||
However, `nix-copy-closure` is generally more efficient because it only
|
||||
|
||||
@ -39,7 +39,7 @@ just Subversion 1.1.2 (arrows in the figure indicate symlinks). This
|
||||
would be what we would obtain if we had done
|
||||
|
||||
```console
|
||||
$ nix-env -iA nixpkgs.subversion
|
||||
$ nix-env --install --attr nixpkgs.subversion
|
||||
```
|
||||
|
||||
on a set of Nix expressions that contained Subversion 1.1.2.
|
||||
@ -54,7 +54,7 @@ environment is generated based on the current one. For instance,
|
||||
generation 43 was created from generation 42 when we did
|
||||
|
||||
```console
|
||||
$ nix-env -iA nixpkgs.subversion nixpkgs.firefox
|
||||
$ nix-env --install --attr nixpkgs.subversion nixpkgs.firefox
|
||||
```
|
||||
|
||||
on a set of Nix expressions that contained Firefox and a new version of
|
||||
@ -127,7 +127,7 @@ All `nix-env` operations work on the profile pointed to by
|
||||
(abbreviation `-p`):
|
||||
|
||||
```console
|
||||
$ nix-env -p /nix/var/nix/profiles/other-profile -iA nixpkgs.subversion
|
||||
$ nix-env --profile /nix/var/nix/profiles/other-profile --install --attr nixpkgs.subversion
|
||||
```
|
||||
|
||||
This will *not* change the `~/.nix-profile` symlink.
|
||||
|
||||
@ -6,7 +6,7 @@ automatically fetching any store paths in Firefox’s closure if they are
|
||||
available on the server `avalon`:
|
||||
|
||||
```console
|
||||
$ nix-env -iA nixpkgs.firefox --substituters ssh://alice@avalon
|
||||
$ nix-env --install --attr nixpkgs.firefox --substituters ssh://alice@avalon
|
||||
```
|
||||
|
||||
This works similar to the binary cache substituter that Nix usually
|
||||
@ -25,7 +25,7 @@ You can also copy the closure of some store path, without installing it
|
||||
into your profile, e.g.
|
||||
|
||||
```console
|
||||
$ nix-store -r /nix/store/m85bxg…-firefox-34.0.5 --substituters
|
||||
$ nix-store --realise /nix/store/m85bxg…-firefox-34.0.5 --substituters
|
||||
ssh://alice@avalon
|
||||
```
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
Loading…
Reference in New Issue
Block a user