diff --git a/tests/nixos/default.nix b/tests/nixos/default.nix
index 17bfdea38..c5f4a23aa 100644
--- a/tests/nixos/default.nix
+++ b/tests/nixos/default.nix
@@ -124,6 +124,8 @@ in
 
   nix-copy = runNixOSTestFor "x86_64-linux" ./nix-copy.nix;
 
+  nix-docker = runNixOSTestFor "x86_64-linux" ./nix-docker.nix;
+
   nssPreload = runNixOSTestFor "x86_64-linux" ./nss-preload.nix;
 
   githubFlakes = runNixOSTestFor "x86_64-linux" ./github-flakes.nix;
diff --git a/tests/nixos/nix-docker.nix b/tests/nixos/nix-docker.nix
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..5c21dfff6
--- /dev/null
+++ b/tests/nixos/nix-docker.nix
@@ -0,0 +1,39 @@
+# Test the container built by ../../docker.nix.
+
+{ lib, config, nixpkgs, hostPkgs, ... }:
+
+let
+  pkgs = config.nodes.machine.nixpkgs.pkgs;
+
+  nixImage = import ../../docker.nix {
+    inherit (config.nodes.machine.nixpkgs) pkgs;
+  };
+  nixUserImage = import ../../docker.nix {
+    inherit (config.nodes.machine.nixpkgs) pkgs;
+    name = "nix-user";
+    uid = 1000;
+    gid = 1000;
+    uname = "user";
+    gname = "user";
+  };
+
+in {
+  name = "nix-docker";
+
+  nodes.machine =
+    { config, lib, pkgs, ... }:
+    { virtualisation.diskSize = 4096;
+    };
+
+  testScript = { nodes }: ''
+    machine.succeed("mkdir -p /etc/containers")
+    machine.succeed("""echo '{"default":[{"type":"insecureAcceptAnything"}]}' > /etc/containers/policy.json""")
+
+    machine.succeed("${pkgs.podman}/bin/podman load -i ${nixImage}")
+    machine.succeed("${pkgs.podman}/bin/podman run --rm nix nix --version")
+
+    machine.succeed("${pkgs.podman}/bin/podman load -i ${nixUserImage}")
+    machine.succeed("${pkgs.podman}/bin/podman run --rm nix-user nix --version")
+    machine.succeed("[[ $(${pkgs.podman}/bin/podman run --rm nix-user stat -c %u /nix/store) = 1000 ]]")
+  '';
+}